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WorksheetsThe 3 Philosophies of Ancient China
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 9mins
Who was Confucius?
He was a man who lived in China from 551 to 479 BCE. Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on his teachings
He was a sage, or wise person, who many scholars believe was born in the sixth century BCE. He is credited with developing Daoism.
He was a man who lived during the Zhou Dynasty around 280-233 B.C.E. He is the founder fo Legalism.
He was the last king of the Zhou dynasty. He created Confucianism to end the Era of Warring States.
What is "li" according to Confucius and why is it important?
Li are strict laws. Confucius believed that strict laws were needed to restore order to society.
Li is a universal force connected to nature that creates order for all things. Confucius believed everyone needed to be one with Li.
Li is proper behavior. Confucius believed that if everyone followed li, then society would be ordered and peaceful.
Li is a supreme god. Confucius believed that if everyone followed the laws created by Li then order would be restored.
The devotion of children to their parents
philosophy
Mandate of Heaven
ancestor veneration
filial piety
Which of these would Confucius have valued most highly?
riches
respect
freedom
creativity
According to Confucius, what were the responsibilities of each individual in the five basic relationships?
Both the superior and inferior person should do what they natural desire as long as they are one with the Dao.
The superior person should not encourage the inferior person to do anything they do not naturally desire to do and the inferior person should try not to draw attention to themselves.
The superior person should make strict laws with harsh punishments and the inferior person should obey the laws.
The superior person in each relationship should be respected and obeyed and in turn should be kind and set a good example for the other person.
Who was Laozi?
He was a man who lived in China from 551 to 479 BCE. Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on his teachings
He was a sage, or wise person, who many scholars believe was born in the sixth century BCE. He is credited with developing Daoism.
He was a man who lived during the Zhou Dynasty around 280-233 B.C.E. He is the founder fo Legalism.
He was the last king of the Zhou dynasty. He created Daoism to end the Era of Warring States.
philosophy that focuses on nature and a natural existence
Daoism
Confucianism
According to Daoists, how should people behave?
They believed that people should not strive for power and wealth because it was harmful and unnatural and that they needed to be one with the Dao, which is a universal force connected to nature.
They believed that the elders in society should act as role models and that people should respect and obey them.
They believed that all people were bad by nature and thus strict laws with clear rewards and punishments were needed to restore order in society.
They believed that people should be allowed to do what they want regardless of the consequences.
According to Daoists, how should rulers rule their people?
Rulers should govern using fewer laws and should only support the people in achieving what they naturally desire.
If rulers want to be respected and obeyed then they should be kind to their people and set a good moral example.
Rulers should created detailed laws to train people to accept their authority, never demonstrate or give in to feelings of affection or charity and should trust no one.
Rulers should let people do whatever they want even if their actions create more disorder and chaos in society.
Who was Han Fei?
He was a man who lived in China from 551 to 479 BCE. Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on his teachings
He was a sage, or wise person, who many scholars believe was born in the sixth century BCE. He is credited with developing Daoism.
He was a man who lived during the Zhou Dynasty around 280-233 B.C.E. He is the founder fo Legalism.
He was the last king of the Zhou dynasty. He created Legalism to end the Era of Warring States.
According to Legalists, what was the best way to create a strong society?
They believed people should not strive for power and wealth because it was harmful and unnatural and that they needed to be one with the Dao, which is a universal force connected to nature.
They believed that the elders in society should act as role models and that people should respect and obey them.
They believed that all people were bad by nature and thus strict laws with clear rewards and punishments were needed to restore order in society.
They believed that people should be allowed to do what they want regardless of the consequences.
According to Legalists, how should rulers rule their people?
Rulers should govern using fewer laws and should only support the people in achieving what they naturally desire.
If rulers want to be respected and obeyed then they should be kind to their people and set a good moral example.
Rulers should created detailed laws to train people to accept their authority, never demonstrate or give in to feelings of affection or charity and should trust no one.
Rulers should let people do whatever they want even if their actions create more disorder and chaos in society.
What was the Legalist view of human nature?
people are basically selfish
people are naturally curious
people are motivated by love
people want to do what is right
Hanfeizi, whose teachings were the basis for Legalism, wrote that rulers should emphasize
honesty and trust
scholarship and ideas
trade and manufacturing
rewards and punishments
The Zhou claimed that they had the Mandate of Heaven, which they believed was
the majority of votes in an election.
permission from the people to rule.
a divine right to rule China.
a set of laws written by the first Zhou king.
