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Research: Background of the Study

Total questions: 15

Worksheet time: 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The researchers propose to construct a serpent bot entitled as Andromeda which specifically aims to help the rescue team to (1) evaluate and assess the situation, and (2) search from trapped victims inside the building. The serpent bot design is particularly to allow the device to roam around the area. Furthermore, the device will detect human presence through the Adafruit AMG8833 thermal imaging sensor based on Arduino. The Adafruit AMG8833 can detect humans from a distance of 7 meters. Also, a camera will be installed to further assess the area. Finally, a controller will be used to operate the device.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

2.

As humans evolve, they tend to get weaker and become prone to different kinds of diseases associated by their sedentary lifestyle nowadays. Weak immune system stimulates pathogenic bacteria to invade human body trying to reach and infect their target site causing damage to the individual’s vital functions or systems. In 2018, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the rate of patient’s death and worse clinical outcomes in the hospital are rapidly increasing cause of multi-drug resistant bacteria that made it a worldwide problem. In order to solve the issue, the invention and evolution of new medicines and the use of broad-spectrum approach are done to try different kinds of antibiotics. However, antibiotics are there to help humans out, but over the years these medicines could no longer possible the treat some infections caused by pathogenic bacteria that invade human body such as Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

3.

Fortunately, heavy metals can be removed. One common and traditional way of removal is through the usage of activated carbon. It is used to remove the contaminants and impurities present in wastewater or contaminated air, but this specific method also has its disadvantages. Activated carbon is not efficient at removing chemicals that cannot be attracted by carbon like sodium, nitrates, other heavy metals, etc. In addition to this, activated carbon filters are also not efficacious with some pathogenic bacteria and viruses that can lead to bacterial growth. Activated carbons are also known to be inert, wherein it lacks of activity or effect. Hence, activated carbon is not predominantly used as primary filter media. Although being one of the most prominent adsorbents, it is also relatively expensive.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

4.

The existence of heavy metals and metalloids in aqueous solutions is an essential social and environmental nuisance. The toxicity of many elements is of significant concern due to their environmental burden (Chattopadhyaya et al., 2014). Its exposure could cause countless deaths and disabilities of human beings. Heavy metals are also hazardous because they tend to bioaccumulate. Bioaccumulation is a state where the concentration of a chemical increases over time than the concentration of a chemical in the environment (Sriraj, 2017).

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

5.

Over the last few decades, many conventional treatment methods have been used for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated wastewaters. The frequently utilized techniques in removing toxic heavy metals in water involves chemical precipitation, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis. Likewise, the use of bioadsorption as an approach for the exclusion of noxious metal pollutants is specified. chemical precipitationthe most extensively used way of degrading hazardous metals in water that includes the formation of metal hydroxides, sulfides, carbonates, and phosphates.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

6.

Water contamination has been a problem worldwide for the past decades. Some water sources and drinking water in other countries contain different toxic chemicals and compounds such as pathogenic bacteria, VOCs, and heavy metals. Common heavy metals in water include mercury, arsenic, chromium, lead, and cadmium. Heavy metal pollution in aquatic environment is becoming worse and is spreading worldwide, causing a serious threat to both the environment and human health (Li, et. al., 2018). This has become a very serious issue to public health since heavy metals are nonbiodegradable and highly toxic (Peng, et. al., 2019).

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

7.

This study represents an initial step towards the development of new antibiotic sources. This will examine the ability of a microorganism named actinobacteria against multi-drug resistant pathogens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The data and knowledge gathered from this study will be utilized to serve as future reference in creating a definite solution against antibiotic resistance.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

8.

However, despite the susceptible response of DRRM offices, there are still hindrances in their operations such as risking their lives to enter an unstable infrastructure while carrying heavy equipment. Also, with the technology nowadays, they are still lacking machinery to aid them.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

9.

Different methods are available in lessening heavy metals. Some of these technologies can only be utilized at treatment plants, while some are convenient and can be used at home. According to the study of Gunatilake S.K. (2015), studies on biological methods are of a significant area of research with huge capability for research and removal of heavy metals. Different biological processes for the removal of heavy metals that include phytoremediation, bioremediation, phytoextraction and phytovolatilization, phytostabilization, and biosorption.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

10.

There has been a worldwide

public awareness for heavy metal contamination and toxicity in aquatic environment. Many heavy metals like lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium, (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), and Nickel (Ni), etc. have widespread usage in industries and enter the environment wherever they are emitted, used, or discarded. All these metals become critically toxic as ions or compound being soluble in water and readily absorbable by living organisms. In micro amount, these are principal nutrients in human bodies in access cause severe physiological and health disorder (Sharma et.al., 2016).

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

11.

Even though biological processes are economical and ecological friendly techniques, they require a large area and maintenance and operation. This study would be focusing on the removal of mercury in industrial wastewater by utilizing immobilized fungal phytopathogens (Bacillus megaterium). These biological processes would often need a long period to be carried out compared to traditional methods.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

12.

Solar power is the radiation from the sun which is capable of producing heat, causing chemical reactions or generating electricity (Ashok, 2019). It is renewable energy and it uses solar cells, specifically photovoltaic cells. Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board. This will be used for thewheelchair and electrooculogram technology. An EOG signal acquisition system will be arranged, implemented, and documented. Digital signals are afterwards

used as inputs to Arduino Uno microcontroller which will be programmed to control the wheelchair motion. The advantage of this wheelchair to other independent mobility systems is this reduces the cost of the system and it’s much affordable.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

13.

For the community to be physically able is the lifeline of our country’s manpower. Physical disability is the inhibition on ] a person’s physical functioning, dexterity, stamina and mobility. The odds of an individual in becoming disabled before retiring are about 33.3%. The credible causes of physical disability could be a disease such as a muscoskeletalproblem, stroke, cancer, diabetes or it could be other certain occurences such as pregnancy or accidents (Griffin, 2013). Mobility is paramount for it concedes the human body to phase out pain, it also helps maximize progress, and minimize injury.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

14.

Some of the best suggestions of National Institute if Food and Agriculture (2014) was to do crop rotation, use clean seeds remove and destroy crop residue, and the use of fungicides. These are just examples of the available solutions stated by National Institute if Food and Agriculture.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance

15.

In crop rotation, it may cost a lot of time and money. It is difficult to identify clean seeds, and destruction of crop residue may not be the best solution because it can cost a lot of money and time. Some fungicides are chemically made which has some harmful effect on plants.

a)

Existing Problem

b)

Solutions from Previous Studies

c)

Limitations of Previous Studies

d)

Proposed Solution and/or its Relevance