Largest scale movement of air driven by convection.

EX: Hadley, Ferrel, Polar cells.

An effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation.

A part of the large-scale ocean circulation that is driven by global density gradients created by surface heat and salinity fluxes due to evaporation and freezing.

The effects of a band of sea surface temperatures which are anomalously warm or cold for long periods of time that develops off the western cost of South America and causes climatic changes across the tropics and subtropics.

An area having relatively little precipitation due to the effect of a topographic barrier, especially a mountain range, that causes the prevailing winds to lose their moisture on the windward side, causing the leeward side to be dry.

A circular ocean current formed by the Earth's wind patterns and the forces created by the rotation of the planet.

A wind from the direction that is predominant at a particular place or season.

Occurs when an air mass is forced from low elevation to a higher elevation as it moves over rising terrain.

Of, relating to, or denoting a region or climate characterized by mild temperatures. Often having distinct seasons.

Biome in which evaporation exceeds precipitation and the average amount of precipitation is less than 25 cm per year.