A green colony with a black center is isolated on HE agar from a stool specimen. It is most likely which organism?

A patient bitten by a flea developed a painful bubo at the site of the bite. The drug of choice for this organism is:

An organism that appears red with a black center on XLD agar is lactose-_and H2S-_____.

E. coli can produce a toxin similar to S. dysenteriae and can cause hemorrhagic colitis. What other organ does it affect?

E. coli would appear what color on HE agar?

For the most part, all Enterobacteriaceae are positive for which biochemical reactions?

In addition to being a group of gram-negative bacteria considered normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, which one of the following also contains agents of important diseases such as gastroenteritis and enteric fevers, urinary tract infections, and bacterial pneumonia?

MacConkey-sorbitol agar is useful for detecting pathogenic strains of:

Most strains of Escherichia coli can be presumptively identified on the basis of which characteristic?

Of the following bacterial species, which is associated with a serious diarrheal illness with high mortality rates among some populations?

On MacConkey agar, Serratia spp. would appear:

The major etiologic agent of urinary tract infections is:

The swarming gram-negative bacillus that can be presumptively identified on the basis of a positive indole test is

Which is correct for the description "alkaline slant, acid butt, no H2S"?

Which of correct for the description "acid slant, acid butt, no H2S"?

Which organism is oxidase-negative, oxidizes glucose, and is a nonlactose fermenter?

A yellow-pigmented, gram-negative rod on blood agar that is oxidase-positive, motile by wet mount, and has the ability to oxidize glucose, xylose, and sucrose is most likely which of the following?

Among Haemophilus influenzae strains, group designations (e.g., type b) are based on:

Chancroid is the sexually transmitted disease caused by:

E. corrodens can be easily recognized in culture by its:

H. ducreyi requires what special media to grow?

In a phenomenon known as satelliting, tiny colonies of Haemophilus spp. may be observed growing on sheep blood agar close to colonies of:

Isolates from CSF that are gram-negative coccobacilli, grow on chocolate agar in CO2 but not blood agar, require factor V but not X, and are nonhemolytic on rabbit or horse blood may be identified

Isolates from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or respiratory tract specimens that are gram-negative coccobacilli grow on chocolate agar in CO2 but not on blood agar, and are porphyrin-negative and nonhemolytic on rabbit or horse blood may be identified as:

Kingella spp. can be distinguished from Neisseria spp. by its:

Of the asaccharolytic, oxidase-positive bacilli that do not grow on MacConkey agar, which one of the following organisms is generally associated with mixed infections resulting from bites or clenched-fist wounds?

Of the following media, which provides the NAD necessary for the growth of Haemophilus spp.?

Of the following organisms, which one is among the Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella spp. (HACEK) group of organisms that cause slowly progressive bacterial endocarditis?

Oxidase-positive, glucose-positive (oxidatively) gram-negative bacilli that cannot grow on MacConkey agar include:

Quality control performed on indole reagent should be performed on which two organisms?

Quality control should be performed on which two organisms to determine the validity of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) media?

Quality control should be performed on which two organisms to determine the validity of the nitrate reduction test?

The commensal Neisseria spp. are often confused with pathogenic gram-negative diplococci. A simple test utilizing a blood agar plate and an antibiotic disk resulting in elongation of the cells assists in the differentiation of these organisms. Which antibiotic disk is utilized in this application?

The species of Moraxella that is most commonly associated with human infections, primarily of the respiratory tract, is:

The sputum of a 75-year-old man with chronic lung infections yields the following:• Many gram-negative coccobacilli in Gram stain • X and V factors required for growth • Nonhemolytic on rabbit blood agar The organism can be identified as:

This bacterium is unique in that it does not possess a flagellum but is motile by gliding motility.

To test the validity of catalase reagent, which two organisms should be used?

True cocci, such as most Neisseria spp. and Moraxella catarrhalis, can be differentiated from morphologically similar Moraxella species by:

Which antimicrobial regimen should be administered to a patient suspected of having endocarditis as a result of infection with C. hominis?

Which of the following bacterial species is part of animal flora and transmitted to humans during close animal contact, including bites

Which of the following media provides the factors necessary for the growth of Haemophilus spp.?

Which of the following organisms is negative for catalase, indole, and arginine dihydrolase tests and pits the agar on a sheep blood agar plate?

Which yellow-pigmented organism exhibits gliding motility that grows best at 35C and in conditions with increased carbon dioxide (CO2) but cannot grow in ambient air?

With one exception, species of the genus Haemophilus require which of the following media ingredients for in vitro growth?

A bronchoscopy was performed on a patient who later developed a nosocomial infection as a result of the procedure. The organism recovered from his lung was a nonlactose fermenter that oxidized glucose and maltose, was lysine decarboxylase–positive, and was motile. The organism is most likely which one of the following?

A convenient and reliable identification scheme for P. aeruginosa involves which of the following conventional tests?

A patient with an indwelling catheter tip began spiking a fever of 39C. The site of the catheter was inflamed and red. The catheter tip was cultured, and the following organism was isolated: a nonlactose-fermenter on MacConkey agar; a glucose, xylose, and mannitol oxidizer with the ability to hydrolyze esculin. This organism is most likely which one of the following?

A weakly oxidase-positive, nonfermenting gram-negative rod is isolated from respiratory sample. Traditional biochemical reactions include: arginine dihydrolase-negative; lysine decarboxylase-positive; gelatin liquefaction-positive; oxidizes lactose and glucose.

Achromobacter, Alcaligenes, and Bordetella are all:

An organism described as oxidase-positive, (K/NC) on TSI media, growth at 42°C, and produces a bright bluish-green pigment on Mueller-Hinton agar is most likely:

Decontamination strategies used for potable water and the control of E. meningoseptica are similar to those utilized for which organism?

For more serious infections caused by Acinetobacter spp., such as pneumonia or bacteremia, effective treatment may require the use of:

Gram-stain morphologic features, motility, and flagellar placement are important identifying characteristics of:

Neonates and individuals who are immunocompromised are at risk for developing meningitis if they contract which organism?

Not including organisms in the Enterobacteriaceae family, the most common gram-negative bacilli encountered in clinical specimens are:

Of the following species, which are widely distributed in nature and hospital environments?

Oxidative–fermentative base–polymyxin B–bacitracin-lactose (OFPBL) media is the best media to use to isolate which one of the following organisms from the sputa of patients with cystic fibrosis?

C agar is a selective media for isolation of B. cepacia. What is the purpose of the polymixin B and ticarcillin in the media?

Pertussis (whooping cough), an epidemic disease, is a highly contagious, acute infection of the upper respiratory tract caused by the _____species.

Production of exotoxin A and several proteolytic enzymes and hemolysins are factors that contribute to the pathogenicity of which organism?

Profuse watery diarrhea (i.e., "rice water stools"), leading to dramatic fluid loss, severe dehydration, and hypotension that frequently leads to death, is the hallmark of which toxin activity?

Stool specimens suspected of containing which of the following enteric pathogens should be collected and transported only in Cary-Blair medium because buffered glycerol saline is toxic for this bacterium?

The biochemical description of B. bronchiseptica is:

The drug of choice to treat patients with V. cholerae is:

the mode of transmission of Bordetella bronchiseptica can best be described as:

The organism most frequently associated with various infections in humans is:

The primary habitat for Vibrio spp. is:

The reagent used in the "string test" is:

The selective medium, thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar, is especially formulated for isolating what pathogen from stool cultures?

The transmission of Vibrio spp. to humans is by:

This organism is often associated with infections in patients with leukemia or lymphoma, as well as preterm infants:

Transmission of Aeromonas spp. to humans is by:

Transmission of C. violaceum to humans is by:

Transmission of P. shigelloides to humans is by:

V. cholerae and Vibrio alginolyticus appear what color on TCBS agar?

Which best describes the source of B. cepacia infections?

Which combination of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli are oxidase positive, but do not grow on MacConkey agar within 24 to 48 hours.

Which of the following groups of bacteria have Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines that describe specific testing methods and interpretative standards for susceptibility reporting?

Which of the following statements is true about susceptibility testing or treatment of P. aeruginosa?

Which organism appears green on TCBS agar and is halophilic?

Which organism exhibits bipolar staining on the Gram stain, which resembles a "safety-pin" appearance?

Which organism is indole and gelatin positive but does not have the ability to oxidize mannitol?

Which organism is often isolated in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis?

Which organism may be mistaken for a lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar because of colonies exhibiting a purple hue on the media?

Which species of Burkholderia is the one most commonly found in clinical specimens?

Which two organisms should be used for quality control purposes to determine the validity of the indole reagent

Which two organisms should be used to determine the validity of the nitrate reduction test?

Which two organisms should be used to determine the validity of urea agar for quality control purposes?

A febrile and pneumonic illness first named in 1976 by scientists at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) who were investigating an epidemic of pneumonia among Pennsylvania State American Legion members attending a convention in Philadelphia is known as:

A gram-negative, spiral-shaped organism is isolated from a stool sample that was hippurate-positive, catalase-positive, susceptible to nalidixic acid, and resistant to cephalothin. The organism can be identified as:

A lesion from an individual that works in a research laboratory is cultured and reveals a "fried egg" appearance with a dark center when grown on blood agar after 48 hours of incubation. The organism is nonmotile, indole, catalase, oxidase, and nitrate negative. Which of the following organism was isolated?

Acceptable specimens for the detection of B. pertussis are:

Although in vitro susceptibility testing is not reliable, which regimen of antibiotics is recommended for Brucella infections?

An organism isolated from a sputum sample that has a "hockey puck" consistency would have which of the following biochemical profiles?

Antimicrobial therapy for H. pylori infection consists of:

B. pertussis colonies growing on Regan-Lowe medium yields which of the following colonial morphologic appearances?

Bacteremia, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, cat-scratch disease, and peliosis hepatis can all be caused by:

Because of its longer shelf life, the medium of choice to cultivate Bordetella spp. is

Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni grows best at what conditions?

Campylobacter spp. can sometimes be detected by direct Gram-stain examination of fecal sample, which would reveal many:

Curved, microaerophilic, gram-negative rods, with most species having strong urease activity and the majority of which colonize mammalian stomachs or intestines, describe which group of bacteria

During the catarrhal stage of pertussis, symptoms are:

during the paroxysmal stage of pertussis, symptoms are:

Gonococci require which of the following nutrients for growth?

Gram-negative diplococci are isolated from a genital specimen and yield the following results:• Glucose: positive • Maltose: negative • Lactose: negative The organism can be identified as:

Individuals considered at greatest risk for contracting brucellosis are:

M. catarrhalis can be described as a:

MTM, Martin-Lewis (ML), and New York City (NYC) media were all developed for the selective isolation of which organism?

N. gonorrhoeae is spread by:

Of the clinically significant Bartonella species, which is transmitted via a fleabite with the reservoir being rats?

Organisms belonging to the genus Brucella are:

Organisms belonging to the genus Legionella are:

Organisms belonging to the genus Neisseria are:

Pertussis (whooping cough) is an epidemic disease that is a highly contagious, acute infection of the upper respiratory tract caused by the:

The JEMBEC transport system for Neisseria spp. provides an atmosphere with increased _________ to keep the organism viable during transport.

The animal reservoir for Brucella melitensis is:

bacterial species that can be described as oxidase-positive, glucose-positive, maltose-positive, sucrose-negative, lactose-negative, and a major cause of bacterial meningitis is:

The differentiation of the similar M. catarrhalis and Neisseria can be best accomplished by:

he gram-negative coccus that can be described as oxidase-positive, glucose-negative, maltose-negative, sucrose-negative, lactose-negative, and DNase-positive is:

The majority of human infections with Campylobacter species are caused by:

The medium or media of choice used to recover Legionella is:

The mode of transmission of B. pertussis can best be described as:

The natural habitat of L. pneumophila is:

The second most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in the United States, according to the CDC, is:

The specimen of choice to collect in suspected cases of Francisella tularensis is:

To cultivate Francisella in the laboratory, a medium supplemented with which of the following ingredient(s) is necessary?

To cultivate Legionella in the laboratory, a medium supplemented with what ingredient(s) is necessary?

Trench fever, bacteremia, endocarditis, chronic lymphadenopathy, and bacillary angiomatosis can be caused by

Tularemia, characterized by glandular, ulceroglandular, oculoglandular, oropharyngeal, systemic, and pneumonic presentations, is caused by which of the following species?

Which of the following cause rat-bite fever, or Haverhill fever, which is characterized by acute onset of chills, fever, headache, vomiting, and severe joint pains, as well as a rash on the palms, soles of the feet, and other extremities?

Which of the following causes sodoku, which is characterized by swollen lymph nodes, chills, fever, headache, vomiting, and often severe joint pains, a rash on the palms, soles of the feet, and other extremities, and a granulomatous lesion?

Which organisms should be used to perform quality control on hippurate reagent?