WorksheetsEnlightenment Philosophers Review
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 20mins
During the Enlightenment, some philosophers challenged the absolute power of kings. Which statement reflects a typical Enlightenment challenge to this absolute power?
A government’s power comes only from the consent of the people.
The King is the state.
A monarch’s rule is justified by divine right.
Without strong monarchs to keep order, there would be war of every man against every man.
In addition to questioning the absolute authority of kings, some Enlightenment thinkers also challenged the traditional authority of the church. How did Enlightenment thinkers challenge religious authority?
They encouraged strict government regulation of all church affairs.
They argued that faith in divine authority alone guarantees a just ruler.
They promoted religious toleration, freedom of religion and separation of church and state.
They called for church leaders to create theocracies to replace monarchies.
Enlightenment thinker Adam Smith believed that government should not interfere with the economy. According to Smith, prices for goods and services should be determined only by buyers and sellers of those goods and services. This economic theory is known as
Laissez-faire economics, and it is the basis for modern capitalism.
The Social Contract, and it is what brought about the union of church and state.
The Leviathan, and it inspired new faith in the value of absolute monarchies.
Checks and Balances, and it has been credited as the founding principle of absolutism.
Both the United States Declaration of Independence (1776) and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789) were written for what primary purpose?
To oppose the creation of constitutional protections
To challenge the authority of an unjust king
To deny the separation of church and state
To uphold the tradition of the divine right of kings
In the late 1700s, Latin American colonists were inspired by American and French revolutionaries to rise up against their European rulers. What characteristic did the American, French and Latin American revolutions have in common?
In all three cases, citizens were unhappy with the continued separation of church and state.
A powerful monarchy had become eager to enact social and political reforms.
A growing middle class wished to bring an end to representative government.
A large segment of society had grown tired of being subject to the unjust rule of a powerful monarchy.
Wrote the Declaration of Independence
Mary Wolstencraft
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Hobbes
Voltaire
Economist that believed in the idea of the "hands off" approach to economics. He also wrote the book The Wealth of Nations
Thomas Hobbes
Voltaire
Adam Smith
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes
Helped to write the Rights of Man in France which wanted to give the working class in France (the third Estate) more power in government
Voltaire
Mary Wolstencraft
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes
Thomas Jefferson
He was a French Roman Catholic clergyman and political writer
Voltaire
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes
Hobbes
Mary Wolstencraft
said that men and women have the same natural rights of life, liberty and property
Adam Smith
Thomas Jefferson
Voltaire
Mary Wollstonecraft
