Refers to the content of a speech and how it is organized (its structure); commonly translated as the logic or reasoning of an argument

Refers to the elements of a speech that appeal to an audience's sensibilities; commonly translated as an emotional appeal

Refers to the window of opportunity during which something could happen; commonly translated as the right or opportune moment of a speech or 'the supreme moment'

The person making the argument

The time, place, and context of the argument

The person or people to whom the argument is addressed; should consider their interests and concerns

What the speaker hopes to accomplish; the desired outcome of the argument

The issue/topic at question

The act or process of arguing, reasoning, or discussing; a coherent series of reasons, statements, or facts intended to support or establish a point of view

A defensible assertion; a statement that you try to prove

Reasons you give to support your claim; includes facts, statistics, examples, personal anecdotes, expert opinions, etc.

A claim made by the opposition

Your argument to refute a claim made by the opposition

Pieces of information that can be proven correct by testing or consulting reliable sources

Facts expressed as numerical information

Specific instances of an idea or situation

Brief personal stories that illustrate a point

Statements by people who are considered experts in their field

Examples from scientific studies

Comparisons showing the similarities between two unrelated ideas or facts.

The art of speaking or writing effectively: such as the study of principles and rules of composition formulated by critics of ancient times; the study of writing or speaking as a means of communication or persuasion

The act of trying to convince the audience to act or feel a certain way on a position

Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view

This is an attack on the character of a person rather than his/her opinions or arguments

This is an emotional appeal that speaks the concept that many people agree or disagree, so you should, too

The conclusion that the writer should prove is validated within the claim

This restates the argument rather than actually proving it

This is a conclusion based on the premise that if A happens, then eventually through a series of small steps - B, C, …, X, Y … Z will happen, too. This basically equates A and Z. So, if we don’t want Z to occur, A must not be allowed to occur either.

This is a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence. In other words, you are rushing to a conclusion before you have all the relevant facts.

This is a conclusion that oversimplifies the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices.

This fallacy compares minor misdeeds with major atrocities.

This fallacy is committed when a person simply ignores a person's actual position and substitutes a distorted, exaggerated or misrepresented version of that position.

This is a diversionary tactic that avoids the key issues, often by avoiding opposing arguments rather than addressing them.

A conclusion is based on an argument that the origins of a person, idea, institute, or theory determine its character, nature, or worth.

This is a conclusion that assumes that if 'A' occurred after 'B' then 'B' must have caused 'A.'

More and more women are deciding to give birth to their children at home.

A hospital, after all, is not the best place for a baby to be born.

The junior college is a better place to attend school for the first two years of post secondary school than a university or a 4-year college.

Charles Dickens’ novel A Tale of Two Cities was published in 1840.