(also referred to as METER signature); gives the music PULSE and designates how many beats are in every measure, (top number); and which note is to get ONE BEAT (bottom number).

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the unique QUALITY of the sound of each instrument (also called in English, tone quality).

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singing without instrumental accompaniment.

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To make "sound larger" or "sound louder"

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a music element that is a combination of pitches arranged in orders that are usually pleasing to hear. Pitches move up, down, or repeat to make a melody.

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Combinations of, or patterns of long and short sounds, including a regular phrase.

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speed of the pulse (beat), with terms for fast or slow, such as LARGO (very slow) and ALLEGRO (cheerful).

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when two or more pitches are sounded at the same time.

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the term used for the way the Parts of a piece of music are assembled. (verse/refrain; ABA; Rondo; mass; symphony, etc).

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to cause to quiver--to move back and forth or up and down.

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to "re-sound". Capable of returning sound.

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