One of the most successful empires of India, a state founded by an Islamized Turkic group that invaded India in 1526, later attempting to create a partnership between Hindus and Muslims.

The confederation of five Native American people groups in what is now New York State, having a loose alliance based on the "Great Law of Peace" and keeping this peace through a system similar to a representative democracy.

The "rebirth" of the classical learning of Greece and Rome, that is most often Associated with the artistic and cultural blossoming in Italy from the 14th to 16th century?

The major Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkan region, the Near East, and much of North Africa.

The event in which the capital of the Byzantine Empire fell to the army of the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II, leading to the end of Christianity's dominance in the region and the rise of Islam.

The great Chinese admiral who commanded a fleet of more than 300 ships in a series of voyages of contact and exploration of the globe during the Ming Dynasty.

The Muslim port city that came to prominence on the waterway between Sumatra and Malaya in the 15th century and was a springboard for the spread of a more pliable form of Islam throughout the region.

The major Islamic state of West Africa that formed in the second half of the 15th century.

The major Turkic empire of Persia founded in the early 16th century, which was notable for its efforts to convert its population of Shia Islam.

The people whose lands were in what is now southern Nigeria in West Africa and who built a complex society that rejected kingship, relying on a "title society" based upon wealth and rank as described in the book Things Fall Apart.

The continuance of gathering and hunting societies in substantial areas of the world despite millennia of agricultural advances; for example the Hadza people of Africa.

The great ruler of the Xiongnu Empire who created a centralizes and Hierarchical political system.

The dynasty in China that succeeded the Yuan of the Mongols and was noted for its return to traditional Chinese ways and restoration of the land after the destructiveness of the Mongols.

The Turkic warrior from the 14th century who was also known as "Tamerlane" and whose efforts to restore the Mongul Empire devastated much of Persia, Russia and India.

West Africa's largest pastoral society, whose members gradually adopted Islam and took on a religious leadership role that led to the creation of a number of new states.

The Great city of West Africa, noted in the 1th-16th centuries as a center of Islamic Culture and scholarship

The Western Hemisphere's largest empire in the 15th & 16th centuries, which was built by a small community of Quechua-speaking people in the Andean region of S. America and eventually had near 10 million subjects.