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DNA Structure, Meiosis, and Cancer

Total questions: 29

Worksheet time: 2hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What happens if there is a mess up in the DNA structure?

a)

Mutations, like autism and down syndrome

b)

cancer

c)

mutations; deformities

d)

nothing

2.

What is the purpose of meiosis?

a)

make gametes

b)

make germ cells

c)

allow for growth and repair of somatic cells

d)

double chromosome number

3.

A human cell has how many chromosomes?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

92

d)

It's impossible to know.

4.
The diagram below shows homologous chromosome during phase 1 of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated? 
a)
Mutation in which DNA content of the genes is altered. 
b)
segregation of sister chromatids
c)
condensation and segregation of alleles
d)
crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged
5.
Name the process in the diagram. 
a)
Meiosis 
b)
Mitosis 
c)
Endocytosis 
d)
Phagocytosis 
6.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement. 
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of organisms. 
c)
It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis 
7.
What is cancer?
a)
Colon Cancer
b)
Uncontrolled Cell growth
c)
Gentic Links
d)
Hair Loss
8.
True or false.  Cancer begins when mutations disrupt the normal cell cycle, causing cells to divide in an uncontrolled way.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
In interphase what occurs?
a)
Replication of DNA, shrinking, Cell Collapse
b)
Apoptosis
c)
Growth, Replication of DNA, and Cell Function
d)
Duplication
10.
Damage that causes a change in DNA is called 
a)
Anaphase
b)
Replication
c)
a protein
d)
a mutation
11.

Which of the following is a base pair?

a)

Adenine - Cytosine

b)

Cytosine - Thymine

c)

Deoxyribose - Cytosine

d)

Cytosine - Guanine

12.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
13.

When is apoptosis initiated?

a)

When DNA damage is repaired.

b)

When cells are removed from the cell cycle.

c)

When DNA damage cannot be repaired.

14.
Which is an example of a tumor suppressor gene?
a)
apoptosis
b)
proto-oncogenes
c)
p53
d)
oncogenes
15.

The axolotl has amzing abilities. If it loses a part of its body, it can't grow back.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

16.
Which events occur during anaphase I of meoisis?
a)
separation of sister chromatids
b)
separation of homologous pairs
c)
lining up of sister chromatids
d)
lining up of homologous pairs
17.
In which phase of mitosis is the cell?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
18.

Elephants have 40 p53 genes. Why does this matter?

a)

It aids in apoptosis when a mutation occurs

b)

p53 acts like shield and doesn't let UV light into cells

c)

Elephants pass on p53 to their offspring through their trunks

d)

p53 does not matter to scientists

19.

Naked Mole Rats live a really long time for a rodent. They can do this because...

a)

They do not get cancer very often

b)

The p16 gene makes the cells live forever

c)

They live underground

d)

They do not have hair

20.

HeLa cells have been known help in the study of various medical issues. Why are they special?

a)

They do not get cancer

b)

They can replicate an indefinite number of times

c)

HeLa donated her cells for cancer research

d)

They are resistant to COVID-19

21.

What is special about Stem cells?

a)

There is nothing special

b)

They are differentiated to fight off cancer

c)

Stem cells can be used to grow back body parts

d)

Stem cells are used to help in skin graphs

22.

Axolotls have the special ability to...

a)

Cure people of cancer

b)

They can breathe underwater

c)

Regenerate body parts

d)

Reproduce millions of offspring a day

23.

Tasmanian Devils can transmit cancer to each other.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

What phase am I?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

25.

Chromosomes move to the middle of the spindle during what phase?

a)

anaphase

b)

telophase

c)

metaphase

d)

prophase

26.

Which statement best describes the structure of a DNA molecule?

a)

DNA is a single-stranded and straight molecule

b)

DNA is a single-stranded and curly molecule

c)

DNA is a double-stranded molecule that looks like a spiral

staircase

d)

DNA is a double stranded molecule that is straight like a ladder

27.

According to the Base-Pair Rule...

a)

A pairs with C and G pairs with T

b)

A pairs with G and C pairs with T

c)

A pairs with T and C pairs with G

d)

Each nucleotide pairs with itself (ex A pairs with A)

28.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
29.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I