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WorksheetsMalaria - Parasite Biology
Total questions: 27
Worksheet time: 19mins
Morphology
- Early form: Ring-shaped with a red chromatin dot with scant amount of blue cytoplasm in Giemsa or Wright stain
- Has a large chromatin mass and a prominent amoeboid cytoplasm spread throughout the infected RBC
Trophozoite
Schizont
Gametocyte
Morphology
- Have two or more masses of chromatin with small amounts of cytoplasm
- Clumps of pigment accumulate in the middle of a mature form
Trophozoite
Schizont
Gametocyte
Morphology
- Fills the entire RBC
- Characterized by large chromatin mass and blue cytoplasm w/ pigment
- Round to banana-shaped
Trophozoite
Schizont
Gametocyte
Morphology
- Gametocyte
- Male
- Has lighter blue cytoplasm
Microgametocyte
Macrogametocyte
Morphology
- Gametocyte
- Female
- Has darker blue cytoplasm
Microgametocyte
Macrogametocyte
The life cycle of Plasmodium spp. has asexual and sexual stages. The _______ stage of the life cycle happens in humans.
sexual
asexual
The ______ stage happens in Anopheles sp.
sexual
asexual
What is the intermediate host of Plasmodium species?
(a)
What is the definitive host of Plasmodium species?
(a)
Asexual life cycle
Also known as the liver stage, these exo-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium spp. are associated
with the invasion of liver parenchyma and not RBC’s
Sporozoites
Gametocytes
Hypnozoites
Schizonts
Asexual life cycle
Infective stage
(a)
Asexual life cycle
The _______ stages Plasmodium spp. in humans are the erythrocytic schizonts, ring-formed trophozoites and macro-/microgametocytes
infective
diagnostic
Asexual life cycle
- An infected female Anopheles spp. takes in a blood meal, injecting Plasmodium spp. sporozoites in the process
- The sporozoites would enter the bloodstream and make its way to the liver
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
4th event
Asexual life cycle
- Sporozoites reach the liver and invade parenchymal
liver cells
- These sporozoites may either become hypnozoites or
schizonts
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
4th event
Asexual life cycle
- Schizonts mature into merozoites
- Merozoites make their way into the peripheral bloodstream to enter the erythrocytes
- One merozoite invades one RBC
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
4th event
Asexual life cycle
- Merozoites within the RBCs grow as a ring form which
is called a trophozoite
- Trophozoites can give rise to schizonts via erythrocytic
schizogony which in turn would mature to become more
merozoites, rupturing the infected RBC in the process
- Some trophozoites can also undergo gametogony and give rise to microgametocytes (male) or macrogametocytes (female)
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
4th event
Asexual life cycle
The parasite feeds on hemoglobin which results to the production of a pigment known as
(a)
Sexual life cycle
- Female Anopheles spp. takes in a blood meal and
ingests micro/macrogametocytes
- In the gut of the mosquito, the male gametocytes exflagellate and produces eight sperm-like microgametes
- This can fertilize the female macrogamete to form a zygote
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
Sexual life cycle
- The zygote becomes motile and penetrates the mosquito’s gut as an ookinete
- This would mature into an oocyst
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
Sexual life cycle
- The oocyst grows and produces sporozoites
- These sporozoites migrate into the salivary glands of the mosquito
- These can be injected into another human host
1st event
2nd event
3rd event
The biological vector of Plasmodium spp. is a ____ Anopheles spp.
Male
Female
What is the pathogenic stage of Plasmodium spp.?
(a)
Transmitted stage from humans to mosquitoes
(a)
What are the primary affected organs in malaria?
Liver
Blood
Heart
Lungs
In the asexual life cycle, (a) refers to the formation of merozoites
In the asxual life cycle, (a) refers to the formation of gametocytes (e.g.micro- and macrogametes).
In the sexual life cycle, (a) leads to the formation of sporozoites.
