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Final Examination in Logic 2020

Total questions: 46

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

1. If one of the premises is negative, the conclusion is negative.

a)

True

b)

False

2.

2. If the two terms (major & minor) are identical with the middle term in the premise, the two must also be identical in the conclusion. What is being affirmed in the premises must also be affirmed in the conclusion.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

3. Having a negative conclusion drawn from two affirmative premises denies what is being established.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

4. If there are two negative premises, a conclusion may be derived.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

5. If the two terms (major & minor) are not identical with the middle term in the premise, we cannot assert their identity or non-identity in the conclusion.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

6. A conclusion may be derived from two particular premises.

a)

True

b)

False

7.

7. The middle term must not be found in the conclusion.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

8. The middle term must be taken universally at least once.

a)

True

b)

False

9.

9. The conclusion always follows a weaker premise.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

10. There must be four (4) terms in a syllogism.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

11. This fallacy of ambiguity is committed due to the different ways a word is emphasized or accented in a premise.

a)

fallacy of amphiboly

b)

fallacy of accent

c)

fallacy of composition

d)

argumentum ad baculum

12.

12. This fallacy is committed due to the assumption that the whole has the characteristics of its parts.

a)

amphiboly

b)

accent

c)

division

d)

composition

13.

13. The fallacy of ________ is committed when one assumes that the parts have the characteristics of the whole.

a)

composition

b)

amphiboly

c)

division

d)

accent

14.

14. This is called the argument against the man, wherein one uses an argument that focuses on attacking the person or the opponent in the issue rather than on the issue.

a)

argumentum ad baculum

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad hominem

d)

argumentum ad verecundiam

15.

15. A ______________ is a mediate inference which consists of three related categorical propositions

a)

hypothetical syllogism

b)

hypothetical proposition

c)

categorical proposition

d)

categorical syllogism

16.

16. This fallacy is called begging the question because this is committed when an argument has not reached the conclusion by presenting questionable or weak premises.

a)

a

b)

b

17.

17. "You cannot see God; therefore, there is no God." This kind of argument is an example of the _______________.

a)

Fallacy of illicit generalization

b)

Fallacy of composition

c)

Fallacy of False assumption

d)

Fallacy of illicit middle term

18.

18. This fallacy is committed when the conclusion is drawn from premises which are not related to it that instead of proving the issue it rather ignores, misses the point or evades it.

a)

Fallacy of relevance

b)

argumentum ad baculum

c)

fallacy of illicit conclusion

d)

fallacy of illicit premises

19.

19. A concrete product of deductive (from universal to particular) reasoning where we arrive to a conclusion by deducing it from two propositions connected by a common term.

a)

hypothetical syllogism

b)

hypothetical proposition

c)

disjunctive syllogism

d)

categorical syllogism

20.

20. The two propositions are called the premises of the syllogism: the first is the major premise and the second is the minor premise. The term that can be found both in the minor and major premises is called___________.

a)

major term

b)

minor term

c)

concluding term

d)

middle term

21.

21. It is a term found in the predicate of the conclusion.

a)

middle term

b)

major term

c)

minor term

d)

concluding term

22.

22. An erroneous reasoning that comes from false premises or irrelevant conclusion which seems to be correct.

a)

illogical

b)

fallacy

c)

illicit

d)

falsity

23.

23. The fallacy of _________ is committed when the meaning of words or phrases create a different meaning in the conclusion.

a)

ambiguity

b)

amphiboly

c)

division

d)

accent

24.

24. This fallacy of _______________ appears when the meaning of a particular word in a premise is different in use as given in the other premise.

a)

amphiboly

b)

equivocation

c)

illicit major term

d)

ambiguity

25.

25. This is a type of fallacy in which one argues that an argument is wrong since it has not yet been proven as true, or it is true since it is not yet proven to be false.

a)

argumentum ad baculum

b)

argumentum ad misericordiam

c)

argumentum ad hominem

d)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

26.

26. Professor Doogie has argued for more emphasis on music in our F2F classes to facilitate creativity. But Doogie is a selfish bigheaded fool. I absolutely refuse to listen to him.

a)

argumentum ad baculum

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad verecundiam

d)

argumentum ad hominem

27.

27. In the summer of 1940, Londoners were bombed almost every night. To be bombed is to be intoxicated. Therefore, in the summer of 1940, Londoners were intoxicated almost every night.

a)

Fallacy of composition

b)

Illicit generalization

c)

Non-sequitor

d)

argumentum ad verecundiam

28.

28. My dentist told me that aliens built the lost city of Atlantis. So, it’s reasonable to believe that aliens did build the lost city of Atlantis.

a)

argumentum ad verecundiam

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad baculum.

d)

argumentum ad hominem

29.

29. Yoda must exist. No one has proved that he doesn’t exist.

a)

argumentum ad vercundiam

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad hominem

d)

argumentum ad baculum.

30.

30. Agree with me or I shall hit you with this stick.

a)

argumentum ad vercundiam

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad hominem

d)

argumentum ad baculum.

31.

31. I know I missed half of your classes and failed all my quizzes and assignments. First my cat died. Then my girlfriend told me she has found someone else. With all I went through this semester, I don’t think I really deserve an F. Any chance you might cut me some slack and change my grade to a C or a D?

a)

argumentum ad populum

b)

argumentum ad misericordiam

c)

argumentum ad verecundiam

d)

argumentum ad baculum

32.

32. Why are you standing? Because I am not sitting.

a)

Begging the question

b)

Pluriom interrogationum

c)

argumentum ad baculum

d)

argumentum ad hominem

33.

33. Time measures events; Time is gold; Therefore, gold measures events.

a)

Fallacy of amphiboly

b)

fallacy of illicit middle term

c)

fallacy of equivocation

d)

fallacy of accent

34.

34. My students in engineering are good in logic. Therefore, all students taking different courses that I alone handle are good in logic.

a)

fallacy of division

b)

fallacy of composition

c)

fallacy of amphiboly

d)

fallacy of equivocation

35.

35. “Don’t believe these witnesses, they are just maids.”

a)

argumentum ad baculum

b)

argumentum ad hominem

c)

argumentum ad misericordiam

d)

argumentum ad verecundiam

36.

36. Of course, belief in usog is true. Nobody can prove it otherwise.

a)

argumentum ad verecundiam

b)

argumentum ad baculum

c)

argumentum ad populum

d)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

37.

37. Angela cannot be given a failing grade because she is seriously ill.

a)

argumentum ad misericordiam

b)

argumentum ad baculum

c)

argumentum ad misericordiam

d)

argumentum ad verecundiam

38.

38. “Insisting that Robert is the killer is totally wrong since nobody has actually witnessed seen the crime. Therefore, Robert is not the killer.”

a)

Non sequitor

b)

argumentum ad misericordiam

c)

argumentum ad verecundiam

d)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

39.

39. “The nation rejoiced at Manny Pacquiao’s victory. God answered my prayers that he wins.”

a)

Post hoc Ergo hoc

b)

argumentum ad hominem

c)

argumentum ad verecundiam

d)

argumentum ad baculum

40.

40. “If we will not forgive this student who stole money from her classmate, her father will not anymore send her to school, and that will break her heart.”

a)

argumentum ad verecundiam

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad baculum

d)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

41.

41. “Population control is wrong science, therefore, population is the cause of poverty.”

a)

Ignoration Elinchi

b)

argumentum ad baculum

c)

argumentum ad verecundiam

d)

Non Sequitor

42.

42.You cannot see God; therefore, there is no God.

a)

argumentum ad verecundiam

b)

Ignoration Elinchi

c)

Non Sequitor

d)

False Assumption

43.

43.“We have to face it squarely, wielding our courage, resourcefulness and solidarity as a nation and people…Average Filipinos are already taking the brunt of sacrifices but we have to gather round again as one national community to take stock of the future.”

a)

argumentum ad verecundiam

b)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

c)

argumentum ad populom

d)

Petitio Principii

44.

44. “Define gentleman. A gentleman is a man who is gentle."

a)

argumentum ad hominem

b)

Fallacy of consequent

c)

Petitio Principii

d)

argumentum ad verecundiam

45.

45. “NPA can carry out wide range of measures to disable the operation of the most destructive mining companies if they will not stop.”

a)

argumentum ad hominem

b)

argumentum ad baculum

c)

argumentum ad verecundiam

d)

argumentum ad ignorantiam

46.

Convert the following syllogisms into standard form then mark the terms (circle for minor term, underline the major term, rectangular for middle term. (5 pts each)

1. We should respect our parents; as we should respect all persons; because all parents are persons.

2. Turtles are not tigers. The reason for this is that turtles are sea creatures whereas tigers are not sea creatures.

3. Some students are liberal minded; since all liberal minded people believe in change; because some students believe in change.

4 lines