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WorksheetsComputer Graphics
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins
The Cartesian slope-intercept equation for a straight line is
y = m.x + b
y = b.x + m
y = x.x + m
y = b + m.m
On raster system, lines are plotted with
Lines
Dots
Pixels
None of the mentioned
Expansion of line DDA algorithm is
Digital difference analyzer
Direct differential analyzer
Digital differential analyzer
Data differential analyzer
Which algorithm is a faster method for calculating pixel positions?
Bresenham’s line algorithm
Parallel line algorithm
Mid-point algorithm
DDA line algorithm
The disadvantage of line DDA is
Time consuming
Faster
Neither a nor b
None of the mentioned
An accurate and efficient raster line-generating algorithm is
DDA algorithm
Mid-point algorithm
Parallel line algorithm
Bresenham’s line algorithm
In Bresenham’s line algorithm, if the distances d1 < d2 then decision parameter Pk is______
Positive
Equal
Negative
Option a or c
Which is the best line algorithm to balance the processing load among the processers?
Parallel line algorithm
DDA line algorithm
Bresenham’s line algorithm
Position Bresenham’s line algorithm
To apply the midpoint method, we define
circle(x, y)= x2+ y2- r2
circle(x, y)= x+ y2- r2
circle(x, y)= x2– y2- r2
circle(x, y)= x2+ y2- z2
A bitmap is collection of ___________________ that describes an image.
bits
colors
algorithms
pixels
In line clipping, the portion of line which is _____________ of window is cut and the portion that is _____________ the window is kept.
outside, inside
inside, outside
exact copy, different
different, an exact copy
A polygon can be clipped using clipping operations.
True
False
Cohen-Sutherland clipping is an example of _________________
polygon clipping
text clipping
line clipping
curve clipping
The Cohen-Sutherland algorithm divides the region into _____ number of spaces.
8
6
7
9
The centre region of the screen and the window can be represented as________
0000
1111
0110
1001
If both codes are 0000, (bitwise OR of the codes yields 0000) line lies __________________ the window.
completely outside
half inside half outside
completely inside
can’t say anything
Any convenient co-ordinate system or Cartesian co-ordinates which can be used to define the picture is called ___________
spherical co-ordinates
vector co-ordinates
viewport co-ordinates
world co-ordinates
Which of the following co-ordinates are NOT used in 2d viewing transformation?
modelling co-ordinates
vector co-ordinates
viewing co-ordinates
device co-ordinates
An outcode can have ____ bits for two-dimensional clipping and ____ bits for three-dimensional clipping.
a)
b)
c)
d)
6,8
2,4
4,6
1,3
The process of elimination of parts of a scene outside a window or a viewport is called _____________
clipping
editing
plucking
cutting
For a point to be clipped, which of the following conditions must be satisfied by the point?
ywmin = y = ywmax
xwmin > x > xwmax
xwmin = x = xwmax
xwmin < x < xwmax
For a point to be clipped, which of the following conditions must be satisfied by the point?
ywmin > y > ywmax
ywmin = y = ywmax
ywmin < y < ywmax
xwmin < x < xwmax
To generate a rotation , we must specify
Rotation angle ϴ
Distances dx and dy
Rotation distance
All of the mentioned
The coordinates of the point in after rotation in anticlockwise direction
X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r cos (Ф +ϴ)
X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф +ϴ)
X’=r cos (Ф -ϴ) and Y’=r cos (Ф -ϴ)
X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф -ϴ)
The two-dimensional rotation equation in the matrix form is
P’=R*P
P’=P+T
P’=P*P
P’=R+P
Positive values for the rotation angle ϴ defines
Counterclockwise rotations about the end points
Counterclockwise translation about the pivot point
Counterclockwise rotations about the pivot point
Negative direction
In a reflection, by how much angle is the object rotated?
45 degree
180 degree
90 degree
360 degree
Which of the following represents shearing?
(x, y) → (x cos(θ)+y sin(θ), -x sin(θ)+y cos(θ))
(x, y) → (ax, by)
(x, y) → (x+ay, y+bx)
(x, y) → (x+a, y+b)
Which of this is compulsory for 2D reflection.
Origin
Reflection axis
Co-ordinate axis.
Reflection plane.
Two successive translations are___________________
a)
b)
c)
d)
Subtractive
Additive
Inverse
Multiplicative
Two successive rotations are___________________
Additive
Subtractive
Inverse
Multiplicative
Which of the following is NOT correct? (A, B and C are matrices)
1.A = A.1
C(A+B) = C.A + C.B
A.B.C = (A.B).C = A.(B.C)
A.B = B.A
Which transformation distorts the shape of an object such that the transformed shape appears as if the object were composed of internal layers that had been caused to slide over each other?
Scaling down
Shearing
Scaling up
Rotation
Reflection about the line y=0, the axis, is accomplished with the transformation matrix with how many elements as ‘0’?
8
9
4
6
The matrix representation for scaling in homogeneous coordinates is
P’=S*P
P’=R*P
P’=dx+dy
P’=S*S
What is the use of homogeneous coordinates and matrix representation?
To scale
To rotate
To treat all 3 transformations in a consistent way
To shear the object
We can combine the multiplicative and translational terms for 2D into a single matrix representation by expanding
a) 2 by 2 matrix into 4*4 matrix
b) 2 by 2 matrix into 3*3
c) 3 by 3 matrix into 2 by 2
d) Only c
2 by 2 matrix into 4*4 matrix
2 by 2 matrix into 3*3
3 by 3 matrix into 2 by 2
Only C
Which is not a type of 3D projection
Perspective
Orthogrpahic
Isomorphic
Progressive
Circle is represented using equation
f(x,y)=x2 + y2 −r2
f(x,y)=x2 + y2 +r2
f(x,y)=x2 + y2 −r
f(x,y)=x2 + y2 +r
According to 8 Octant symmetry rule, Which of the following will be a point in 5th octant corresponding to given point P (a,b) in 1st octant of circle.
(a, -b)
(-a, -b)
(b, a)
(-a, b)
Initial decision parameter P0 in Mid Point Circle drawing algorithm is
P0=1-R
P0=1-R2
P0=1 + R
P0= 1+R2
In Breshenham Line Drawing algorithm, the initial decision parameter P0 is
2Δy+Δx
Δy−2Δx
2Δy−Δx
Δy−Δx
In breshnham line drawing algorithm, on a line having m<1, if current point is (xi,yi) and current decision parameter is <0, then next point (xi+1, yi+1) will be
(Xi+1, yi+1)
(Xi+1, yi)
(Xi, yi+1)
(Xi, yi)
Minimum number of vertices to make a face in polygon meshes is
1
2
3
4
what is Euler's Formula
V-E-F=2
V+E-F=2
V+E+F=0
V-E+F=2
In mid point line algorithm, if current selected point is (Xp+1, yp) then what will be the next mid point
(Xp+1, Yp+1/2)
(Xp+2, Yp+1/2)
(Xp+2, Yp+3/2)
(Xp+1, Yp+3/2)
Vanishing point is where
Perpendicular Lines seem to converge
Parallel lines seem to converge
Origin
Center of Projection
Center of Projection is where
Projection lines converge
Axis lines converge
Perpendicular line converge
Parallel line converge
Center of Projection in Parallel projection
is at finite distance
is at infinite distance
is at same distance of actual object
is near than the actual object
In which 3D projection, Lines parallel to the projection plane normal are halved
Cavalier
Cabinet
Isometic
Trimetric
What is the Clipping point of a line AB where A(40,40) and B is (60,25) against a window defined by (wxmin,wymin) as (10,10) and (wxmax,wymax) as (50,50)
(50,50)
(50,32.50)
(36.67, 32.50)
(36.67,36.67)
Number of control points in parametric cubic curve is
6
9
12
4
cubic bezier curve is example of
Approximating Curve
Interpolating Curve
Smooth Curve
Exponential Curve
Following is the Interpolating Curve
Bezier Curve
Hermite Curve
Exponential Curve
Direct Curve
gd parameter in initgraph() method means
Graphic Display
Graphic Density
Graphic Driver
Graphic declaration
