As Penny and her classmates discuss potential forms of pollution that may be on their exam, someone mentions that thermal and noise are also types of pollution. Which type of creative thinking expands the number of possibilities?

Penny and her friends discuss how they are going to approach the upcoming exam, because they always seem to run out of time. They come up with a step-by-step plan of how to approach the 50 question test with a 30 minute time limit. Which type of problem solving technique is methodical, logical, and leads to a solution/answer.

Penny's lab partner is fairly certain that she will do well on the exam, even though she has not done any of the homework for this unit. What is our tendency to think we know or can perform better or more accurately than we really can?

Penny and her friends have 50 vocabulary terms to know for the test. As they break up the list, it would be useful for them to remember that the average person can hold __ in their short-term memory.

When Penny's friend gets to the exam, she experienced the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon for a term. She was certain she knew the term for sulfur dioxide mixed with precipitation, but the correct term remained elusive. What type of forgetting might be at work here?

To help remember different types of plate activity, Penny and her friends made up a song. What is the term for techniques used to improve memory?

When reviewing the material on fossil fuels, Penny pointed out that burning coal is dirty. Thinking, as rule of thumb, that coal is the dirtiest fossil to burn is an example of a(n) __

Penny read the term "freshwater" in her notes, but was not sure why it mattered. Her friend elaborated on that and said 3% of the water on Earth is freshwater and the Great Lakes lack sodium chloride and thus were all examples of freshwater bodies. Which of the following processes is illustrated above and is likely to result in the best memory for terms like "freshwater"?

Penny thought her teacher said deciduous trees were rare in the region, but her friends corrected her and said that the teacher stated deciduous forests were common and it was their classmate, Karina, who incorrectly stated that deciduous trees were rare. Penny's memory illustrates the

Penny's friend failed the last exam and wants to do better, but refuses to try any new study strategies or join the study group. She experienced success in the past by simply reading through the textbook, and that is how she plans to study again (despite it not working last time). Penny's friend is using a

Penny and her friends are restudying the course material at the end of the semester because they want to do well on their final exam. Penny and her friends are likely to demonstrate long-term retention of the material, illustrating the value of

After studying with her friends, Penny decided to get a good night of sleep and hoped that the __ region of her brain would process the information she learned and create durable memories.

After learning that her two best friends aced the last exam, Penny began to grossly overestimate the percentage of students that were doing well in science class. Penny's reaction best illustrates the consequences of

Penny suggest that they invite the new girl to their study group before the next test because she "doesn't wear makeup, has a Nalgene water bottle, and probably studies a lot." Judging the likelihood that things fall into a certain category on the basis of how well they seem to match a particular prototype refers to the use of the

Penny cannot remember any of the information from last chapter because she can only remember the new information from this chapter. This is an example of:

Penny prefers to take her exams in the classroom where she first learned the material. Penny knows that context cues related to memory..

Penny learned that the less than 4% of the Earth's water is fresh, but she is not able to identify where she learned this information. This is an example of