A boundary that coincides with a cultural divide

Religion – ex) India/Pakistan border based on Muslim population distribution

Language – ex) French/German border has resulted in many historic conflicts due to a mixed heritage population living there (Alsace)

Ethnic – ex) post-WWI division of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania)

What is this?

Areas that have a degree of autonomy from the central government(freedom from an external authority). Most often results in the changing of unitary to federal governmental structure.

What is this?

Process of one state dividing into a set of smaller independent states Occurs when devolution fails to satisfy the interests of a people Results in full autonomy for a nation.

What is this?

Forces within a state that divide the people and weaken or destabilize a stat. May result in ethnonational conflict - separatist movements or calls for self-determination.

What is this?

Forces within a state that unify the people and strengthen a state. Nationalism – a sense of unity with fellow citizens. What is this?

Marking the boundary on a map and recording its absolute location. Sometimes physical boundaries can change (flows of rivers change over time)

What is this?

Marking the boundary on the physical landscape.

*Signs are frequently used. Walls & fences are sometimes used to keep people from crossing the boundary

What is this?

A border buffer area with no military presence and very little residents. What is this?

Process in which a non-democratic government grants authority to the people by establishing competitive elections that are regular, free, and fair.

What is this?

Process of transferring some power from the central government to regional/local governments.

What is this?

A state whose political or economic system has become so weak that the government is no longer in control.

- State judiciary was rendered powerless

-Warlords rule regions of the state as authoritarians

-Central government lacks resources to provide security to the people

What is this?

A group of states with a central government but independence in internal affairs.

What is this?

Regions where boundaries are very weakly developed and territoriality is unclear. Definite boundaries are unclear. What is this?

Straight, imaginary lines set with some purpose in mind

What is this?

Redrawing electoral district boundaries to give one political party an advantage Usually indicated by unusually shaped districts. What is this?

When a nation of people attempts to gain control of a territory that they have a historical relationship to justified by multistate nations and often fueled by nationalism. What is this?

Those states that have multiple nations of people living within their boundaries. What is this?

A political unit with territorial boundaries (territoriality), a permanent population, sovereign government, and a working economy.

-Governments are administered by institutions like bureaucracies, legislatures, and judicial systems.

-These institutions exist beyond the lifetime of a single political leader

What is this?

Those states that have multiple nations of people living within their boundaries. What is this?

A nation of people that have their own state, but some nationals live in other states What is this?

A group of people who share a common identity. Common identity may be based on ethnicity, language, religion, and/or a shared history .

-Nationality – the identity of a group who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular state. This may or may not equate to an ethnicity.

What is this?

A sense of unity with fellow citizens. What is this?

A nation of people in possession of their own state. What is this?

Boundaries set by the physical characteristics of a territory Rivers, ocean shores, lakes make perfect boundaries

Mountains – sparsely populated and provide good boundaries

Deserts – common in Africa & India

What is this?

A boundary that has ceased to function but can still be detected on the cultural landscape Ex) Berlin Wall separating East & West Germany.

What is this?

The ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free(sovereignty) will without outside forces.

What is this?

A fragile region located on the border of two powerful states Often leads to fragmentation(breaking into pieces or being divided into parts) within the region as the two bordering states compete for territory/resources.

What is this?

The drawing of a new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes

What is this?

The right to control the social, political, and economic matters within a territory. What is this?

A nation of people that do not make up the majority population of any state.

What is this?

A boundary established after a space has been settled.

Ex) DMZ between North & South Korea

What is this?

A boundary that is created in a space ignoring the cultural landscape of the space

Ex) Africa post-Berlin Conference

What is this?

Organizing political and economic affairs at the international level to meet common nation-state goals. Made possible due to advancement in communication technology.

What is this?

The sense of ownership over pieces of the Earth’s surface

What is this?

A state with one central government.

What is this?

Territorial limit = 12 nautical miles from coastline Nation-states have the right to regulate transportation through these waters Exclusive Economic Zone = 200 nautical miles from the coastline Nation-states have the right to marine life and natural resources in these waters Median Line Principle applies to smaller bodies of water in which the law of the seas cannot be applied.

What is this?