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Worksheets

Językoznawstwo - Linguistics

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is inductive reasoning based on?

a)

observations

b)

facts

c)

assumptions

2.

Deductive conclusion is more...than the information the premises provide.

a)

general

b)

normal

c)

special

3.

Inductive conclusion is more...than the information premises provide.

a)

general

b)

normal

c)

special

4.

Deductive conclusion is more special than the information premises provide by...to the premises.

a)

generalization

b)

applying logical rules

c)

observation

5.

Inductive conclusion is more general than the information premises provide by...the premises information.

a)

applying logical rules

b)

experiments

c)

generalizing

6.

Deductive validity if the premises are true the conclusion...

a)

must be true.

b)

is probably true.

c)

isn't true.

7.

Inductive validity if the premises are true the conclusion is...

a)

true.

b)

isn't true

c)

probably true.

8.

Deductive usage: One needs ... which are definitely true.

a)

facts

b)

evidence

c)

assumptions

9.

Inductive usage: Used often in everyday life (fast and easy). ... is used instead of proved facts.

a)

Theory

b)

Evidence

c)

Assumption

10.

Denotation is...

a)

literal, dictionary definition with no associated emotions.

b)

phonetic perception of a word by message receiver.

c)

abstract perception of a word with its associated emotions.

11.

Connotation is...

a)

the set of associations implied by a word in addition to its literal meaning.

b)

words literal meaning without emotions it may imply.

c)

adapted meaning of a word borrowed from another language.

12.

Metonymy is...

a)

the act of referring to something using a words that must describe all of it qualities or features.

b)

the act of referring to something using a words that describes one of it qualities or features.

c)

the act of referring to something using a words that must describe its historical meaning or features.

13.

Metaphor is...

a)

an expression that describes a person or object by referring to something that is considered to have no similar characteristic to that person or object.

b)

an expression that describes a movement or thought by referring to something that is considered to act in similar way.

c)

an expression that describes a person or object by referring to something that is considered to have similar characteristic to that person or object.

14.

A figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something is a: ...

a)

metonymy

b)

connotation

c)

synecdoche

15.

Synecdoche is ...

a)

a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to refer to other thing.

b)

a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole thing.

c)

a metaphor which is a part of something used to represent the whole thing.

16.

Complex linguistic unit that has both phonetic and phonological characteristics is a: ...

a)

letter

b)

sentence

c)

syllable

17.

Second language acquisition...

a)

are studies on how people acquire a second language.

b)

is the process by which people learn a second language.

c)

are studies why people learn to acquire a second languge.

18.

The study of language use in relation to structure and context of utterance is: ...

a)

pragmatics

b)

phonetics

c)

morphology

19.

How do we name a study of nonverbal (auxiliary) human communication?

a)

Paralinguistics

b)

Forelinguistics

c)

Prelinguistics

20.

Onomatopeic words ...

a)

which seem to ‘echo’ the sounds of objects or activities.

b)

which describe features of abstract terms.

c)

which help in language analysis.

21.

A study that is based on understanding and use of language for legal matters is called: ...

a)

law linguistics

b)

judicial linguistics

c)

juridical linguistics

22.

Geolinguistics...

a)

refers to speed rate of popularization of language.

b)

refers to language in terms of territory.

c)

refers to language popularization in specific time period.

23.

Forensic linguistics is

a)

application of linguistic knowledge, methods and insights to studies of extinct languages.

b)

application of linguistic knowledge, methods and insights to studies of foreign languages.

c)

application of linguistic knowledge, methods and insights to the forensic context of law, language, crime investigation etc.

24.

Theolinguistics...

a)

language and its function in religion, contact with god etc.

b)

language and its function in philosophy, abstract thinking etc.

c)

language and its function in society studies, society changes etc.

25.

Infolinguistics

a)

IT in terms of language studies.

b)

information processing studies.

c)

ways of expressing informations studies.

26.

Neologism

a)

is a relatively recent or isolated term, word, or phrase that may be in the process of entering common use

b)

word with changed meaning due to being misused commonly

c)

term describing word that is old-fashioned

27.

What allows linguists to peer backward in time and determine the linguistic history of a language family?

a)

back-formation

b)

Paralinguistics

c)

comparative reconstruction

28.

The study of physical characteristics of speech sounds is:

acoustic phonetics

a)

The study of nonphysical characteristics of speech sounds

b)

The study of physical characteristics of speech sounds

c)

The study of perception of sound waves created by speech

29.

A linguist’s representation or model of the mental grammar (including the units, structures and rules) is ...

a)

psychical grammar

b)

prescriptive grammar

c)

psychen grammar

30.

Data sources that consist, ex.: books, articles, authentic texts, language corpora, etc. are called:

a)

primary sources

b)

secondary sources

31.

Words that are opposite with respect to one of their semantic properties are called:

a)

denotation

b)

metonymy

c)

antonyms

32.

Word the same as another one in pronunciation and/or spelling, but different in meaning, e.g.:chase (to pursue) & chase (to ornament metal)

a)

homonym

b)

homophone

c)

homograph

33.

A word that has the same sound as another word, but is spelt differently and has a different meaning, e.g.:heir & air to/two/too

a)

homograph

b)

homonym

c)

homophone

34.

A word of the same spelling as another word, but of different sound, origin and meaning; whether pronounced the same or not, e.g.:lead (the metal) & lead (to go in front of)bear (to tolerate) & bear (the animal)

a)

homophone

b)

homograph

c)

homonym

35.

The study of the meanings of the words and sentences is termed as:

a)

semantics

b)

phonology

c)

infolinguistics

36.

The knowledge of a language represented by mental grammar that accounts for speakers’ linguistic ability and creativity.

a)

competence

b)

skill

c)

ability

37.

A research tool for data collection that is a set of structured questions for which answers can be coded and analyzed:

a)

test

b)

questionnaire

c)

article

38.

In what type of research, investigators look at the relationship between variables?

a)

Correlational

b)

Dependential

c)

Subjectional

39.

Dtudies involving the collection of data in order to test hypotheses or to answer questions concerning the current status of the subjects (of the study).

a)

correlational

b)

explanatory

c)

descriptive

40.

Studies conducted in order to explain any language behaviour. It could be done by using questionnaires, group discussions, interviews, etc.

a)

correlational

b)

explanatory

c)

descriptive

41.

studies conducted into an issue or problem where there are few or no earlier studies to refer to. The focus is on gaining insights and familiarity for later investigation.

a)

explanatory

b)

exploratory

c)

excessive

42.

Utterances, which require an immediate response or reaction from the interlocutor, ex.: offer-accept are:

a)

adjacency pairs

b)

diagonal pairs

c)

subdivisional pairs

43.

Both the structure and function of text & conversation are the main concerns of:

a)

conversion analysis

b)

exchange analysis

c)

discourse analysis

44.

Definition of language as the most important means of human communication (e.g. exchanging information) is presented with respect to a:

a)

function

b)

destination

c)

discourse

45.

As far as time for data collection is concerned, how do we call studies, in which groups of participants of different ages are observed and compared at a given time?

a)

Cross-sectional

b)

age-divisional

c)

multi-sectional

46.

An individual’s way of speaking, reflecting the person’s grammar is a(n):

a)

Ego-dialecti

b)

personal speech

c)

idiolect

47.

Where would you classify words that are printed in bold?

Please do not annoy, harass, bother, tease, irk, tantalize the animals in the Wild Animal Park.

a)

Synonyms

b)

Toponyms

c)

Eponyms

48.

understanding language of the written law, understanding language use in forensic and judicial processes, and the provision of linguistic evidence are ways to use...

a)

judicial linguistics

b)

forensic linguistics

c)

Jurilinguistics

49.

Tautology is an expression that is...

a)

always true

b)

usually true

c)

never true

50.

A structured session, in which linguists ask their informants to describe certain actions, objects, behaviours, etc. is called a(n):

a)

embedment

b)

elicitation

c)

tautologies

51.

The relationship between two sentences, where the truth of one infers the truth of the other is a(n):

a)

tautology

b)

elicitation

c)

embedment

52.

Words scarlet, emerald, turquoise are ……. of the word colour.

a)

hyponyms

b)

tautologies

c)

synecdoches

53.

Fast-changing words and phrases used in a casual speech by close-knit social or age groups are termed as:

a)

slang

b)

dialect

c)

accent

54.

Empirical research involving an analysis of numerical data is called:

a)

quantitative

b)

numerus

c)

numerical

55.

An empirical research involving an analysis of numerical data is called:

a)

hyponymy

b)

tautology

c)

metonymy

56.

A system of conventional spoken, signed (hands movements), or written symbols ruled by language characteristic set of rules by which people, as members of a social group and its culture express themselves.

a)

Semantics

b)

Language

c)

Morphology

57.

Considers a language at a moment in time without taking its history into account

a)

diachronic

b)

synchronic

c)

syntagmatic

58.

Considers the development and evolution of a language through history

a)

diachronic

b)

synchronic

c)

quantitative

59.

Studies structures of language and meaning

a)

pragmatics

b)

semantics

c)

theoretical linguistics

60.

A study of the phenomena, historical changes, and functions of language without restriction to a particular language or to a particular aspect.

a)

general linguistics

b)

theoretical linguistics

c)

meta language

61.

Semantic relations between words that co‐occur in the same sentence or text

a)

syntagmatic

b)

paradigmatic

c)

synchronic

62.

Different type of semantic relations between words that can be substituted with another word in the same categories

a)

quantagmatic

b)

paradigmatic

c)

syntagmatic

63.

Is the study of not only the history of languages, as the name implies, but also the study of how languages change, and how languages are related to one another

a)

Historical linguistics

b)

Historic linguistics

c)

Time linguistics

64.

An interdisciplinary field which identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems

a)

comply linguistics

b)

applied linguistics

c)

adhibited linguistics

65.

Is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

a)

simile linguistics

b)

parallel linguistics

c)

comparative linguistics

66.

Study of language syntax and phonology.

a)

microlinguistics

b)

macrolinguistics

67.

A field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language

a)

microlinguistics

b)

macrolinguistics