Negative emotions, like embarrassment or fear, make a person less able to acquire a language. This notion belongs to the low affective filter.

Comprehensible input is more important in language acquisition than the language input being compelling.

Creating classroom environments that act intentionally to lower the affective filter will increase language development.

Jackson is from Korea, he enrolled in an English Academy in the Philippines. The academy was very rigid on using English only in school. Do you think language teaching and learning is effective for Jackson to acquire the English language?

Jennie (who is a Fil-Am) needs to take a Filipino 101 class as part of her curriculum. She was given a Filipino class intended only for foreigners. Do you think she will be an effective learner in this class where in fact Filipino is her second language at home?

Language Teaching can supply unconscious learning or implicit teaching.

If a student is only exposed to classroom drills and dialogues, they may acquire substantial mastery of classroom communication skills but can struggle to communicate in a natural language environment

The brain is especially ready to learn language in early childhood.

Over time, language learning simply becomes easier as one gets older it only requires more effort.

Psychological distance concerns the extent to which individual learners can identify themselves with members of TL group and, thereby, can achieve contact with them.

The size of the native language community may impact L2 learning.

If acquirer acquire language in the class and then their environment also use the L2, it will help them acquire faster.

Language input is more abundant inside the classroom learning rather than the outside classroom (real world).

Speaking and writing is an output skills.

In language acquisition, input and output can’t be separated because if an acquirer can produce output / perform to speak means they have language comprehension of the input.

Using high vocabulary, less slang, and fewer idioms is not providing an optimal input that is comprehensible.

Optimal input focus on message not on form.

Focusing on grammar will increase the quality of comprehension input and change the way one communicates.

The purpose of language instruction is to provide students with what they need so that they can progress without us or become an independent learner.