Sarah looked very happy. She ______________ passed her driving test.

The book is optional. My professor said we could read it if we needed extra credit. But we ______________ read it if we don't want to.

You _____________ leave your door unlocked when you go out.

I can't believe Jim hasn't arrived yet. He ______________ taken the wrong train.

He ____________ his son, they look completely different.

You have walked for ten hours. You ______ exhausted.

Mum says we ________________ watch TV after we've finished our homework.

You ______________ pick me up at the station. I can get a taxi.

Jim _______________ have seen me because he walked past without saying 'Hello'.

This is impossible, it _____________ be a mistake!

It's very cold today. Do you think it _______________ snow later?

There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge. You ___________ buy any.

Must is a modal verb without past form. What do we need to use instead?

Which of these modal verbs are used to give advice?

Which are modals of obligation?

We can use verbs such as ____________ to ask for and give permission

I've never _________ speak Spanish as well as my brother.

If you don’t start working harder, you __________ repeat the course next year.

Perfect modals are used to talk about past actions. They use a modal verb (could, should, might/may, must), followed by...

What modal verb do we use for strong obligations and prohibitions?

Smoking __________ cause cancer.

If I have enough money, I ___________ go on holiday to Australia next year.

When I was younger I _____________ run fast.