Differences in tone, colours, textures, shapes and other elements used to draw attention or to make dramatic parts of an artwork.

The artist’s application of art elements make a part or parts of the composition stand out.

Can be still, anticipated, kinetic, due to kinetic empathy, suggested by motion blur. Pattern, the arrangement of recurring figures/motifs and modules (3D form), can create it.

Refers to the comparative amounts or ratios of an element. This includes concepts such as the Golden Section and distortions.

A regularly recurring motif/ shape/ figure creates it. It can create a sense of unity, rhythm or movement in a work.

A motif that recurs irregularly. It can create a sense of unity, rhythm or movement in a work.

Where the use of an element is repeated. This can be a regular or an irregular repetition and if regular can form a pattern. It creates a sense of movement .

– Refers to the comparative size of shapes or forms, use of time, volume of sound in an artwork.

Refers to its visual/pictorial (illusionary/ plastic) depiction or physical (sculptural/ architectural) use. It can refer to an amount within a composition (i.e. crowded or empty) or the depiction of depth (i.e. shallow, endless). Terms such as foreground, middle ground, background are useful terms for discussing it.

Refers to the similar or uniform use of an element that unifies or ties together a composition. It can create a sense of balance in an artwork. Patterns, figures/motifs and modules (3D forms) can create it.

The diverse use of an element creates a more assorted and visually dynamic composition.