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Ecology and Population Ecology

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 14hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
2.
Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support...  
a)
carrying capacity
b)
population crash
c)
lag phase
d)
mutualism
3.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
4.
When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
a)
Continues to grow
b)
The population starts to die off to return to carrying capcity
c)
The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
d)
The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
5.
Food, water, sunlight, shelter, and space are resources that are often __________.
a)
limiting factors
b)
wet
c)
messy
d)
found in rocks
6.
Any thing or organism that regulates the size of a population of another organism is known as __________.
a)
a limiting measure
b)
a limiting factor
c)
factorization
d)
materialization of precipitation
7.
In a forest ecosystem, which of the following is the best example of a limiting factor for a rabbit population?
a)
Squirrel Population
b)
Sunlight
c)
Grass available
8.
which statement sounds accurate based on the graph data. 
a)
The zebra and lions do not affect each other
b)
when lions population increases, so does the zebra population
c)
When the zebra population increases, it causes the lion population to also increase
d)
when zebra populations go down, the zebra population goes up. 
9.
Which kind of growth does the human population follow? It is described as a J-shaped curve.
a)
Exponential Growth
b)
Logistic Growth
c)
Outstanding Growth
d)
Minimal Growth
10.
What type of growth is represented behind?
a)
exponential
b)
logistics
c)
a good kind
d)
representative
11.
What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
12.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

13.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

14.
largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support  
a)
carrying capacity
b)
primary succession 
c)
denitrification
d)
mutualism
15.
All the living and non-living factors that interact in an area
a)
ecosystem
b)
carnivore
c)
niche
d)
population
16.
Which limiting factor would increase due to the number of individuals in a population?
a)
Unusual weather
b)
Natural disaster
c)
Births
d)
Disease
17.

What point on the graph does the population slow down tremendously due to limiting resources as it approaches the carrying capacity?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

18.

What type of growth model is shown in image A?

a)

Exponential

b)

Logistic

19.

At carrying capacity, a population __________.

a)

increases rapidly

b)

increases slowly

c)

decreases slowly

d)

is in dynamic equilibrium

20.
What is a producer?
a)
an organism that gets energy from eating other organisms
b)
an organisms that uses sunlight to make its own food
c)
an organism that gets energy from eating dead organisms, non-living material or waste
d)
an organism that uses chemical energy to make its own food
21.

Which of these organisms is the secondary consumer?

a)

Owl

b)

Mouse

c)

Grass

d)

Grasshopper

22.

Place the levels of environment in the correct order.

a)

biome, biosphere, population, organism, ecosystem,community

b)

organism, ecosystem, biosphere, population, community, biome

c)

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

d)

population, community, organism, biome, ecosystem, biosphere

23.

How much energy is transferred between trophic levels?

a)

25%

b)

20%

c)

10%

d)

90%

24.
The study of how living things interact in an environment is called
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Biology
c)
Ecology
25.
The diagram below shows the cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.
The removal of which of the following groups would cause an immediate decrease in the amount of energy flowing through the system?
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Inorganic nutrients
26.
A food chain is illustrated below:
The arrows represented most likely indicate
a)
A. Energy released from metabolism into the environment as heat.
b)
B. Oxygen released from metabolism produced by cellular respiration.
c)
C. The absorption of energy from the environment that has been created.
d)
D. The transport of glucose away from the organism through photosynthesis.
27.
_____ is the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia
a)
Nitrogen Fixation
b)
Ammonification
c)
Denitrification
d)
Assimilation 
28.
Nitrification happens in the ______
a)
Air 
b)
Soil 
c)
Ground Water 
d)
Plants 
29.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

30.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

31.
Plants and animals need nitrogen to make __________.
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Minerals
32.

Dead plants, animals, and animal waste are converted to ammonium by _____________________

a)

plant roots

b)

lightning

c)

bacteria and fungi decomposers

d)

denitrifying bacteria

33.

Which nitrogen cycle process is occurring when plant roots absorb ammonium ions and nitrate ions for use in making molecules such as DNA, amino acids, and proteins?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

34.

Which nitrogen cycle process is occurring when bacteria convert ammonium to nitrite and then into nitrate?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

35.

Which nitrogen cycle process is occurring when nitrogen in plant or animal protein is converted to ammonium?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

36.

Which of these nitrogen cycle processes converts atmospheric nitrogen to a soil form of nitrogen that is usable by plants?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

37.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
38.

The reverse of photosynthesis - Sugars are used for metabolism and change “fuel” back into CO2.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Weathering

c)

Decomposition

d)

Respiration

39.
_____ brings phosphorous into our waterways. .
a)
precipitation
b)
runoff
c)
transpiration
d)
condensation
40.
Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?
a)
Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.
b)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.
c)
Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.
d)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.
41.
What role do decomposers play in the phosphorous cycle?
a)
absorb phosphorous 
b)
release phosphorous into atmosphere
c)
return phosphorous into the soil
d)
combustion
42.

Too much phosphorus in waterways (rivers, lakes) can lead to___________.

a)

eutrophication

b)

Nothing

c)

Death

d)

diseases

43.

An algal bloom is the rapid growth of a population of

a)

fungi

b)

protozoans

c)

algae

44.

Once inorganic phosphate has been released by weather of rocks, which of the following might be it's next step in the phosphorus cycle?

a)

it can become part of surface water and runoff into the ocean, and eventually become new rock at the bottom of the ocean through the process of sedimentation

b)

it can become part of the soil and be taken up by plant roots and used to make lipids, ATP, nucleic acids and other cellular molecules

c)

it can become part of groundwater and leech into the ocean, and eventually become new rock through the process of sedimentation

d)

all of the answers are possible pathways for phosphorus

45.

What is the original, and primary reservoir of inorganic phosphate (PO43-)in terrestrial ecosystems?

a)

live plants and animals

b)

groundwater

c)

the atmosphere

d)

rocks

46.

Why is phosphorus important to biology?

a)

it works alongside the nitrogen cycle to fertilize plants

b)

it is the primary component of mountains, which serve as habitats for animals

c)

it enhances decomposition of organic matter

d)

it is a component of many biological molecules, such as nucleic acids, some lipids, ATP, and bony structures

47.

Nitrogen and carbon are cycled on a global scale. Why does phosphorus cycling tend to occur more locally?

a)

it primarily involves the weather of rocks, which are mostly stationary

b)

it only involves land animals that cannot swim across oceans to transport the nutrient

c)

it occurs in areas where cloud formation is low, so it rarely gets trapped in water vapors

d)

all of the answers are correct

48.
For a pyramid of numbers, the width of the bar shows the__________ of organisms present in each trophic level at a particular time. 
a)
number
b)
biomass
c)
energy
d)
volume
49.
In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
50.
In an ecological pyramid, which type of organism always has the least amount of energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivores
c)
Carnivores
d)
Top Predator
51.
How much of the energy in each level of a ecological pyramid gets lost as heat or used by the organism so that it cannot be passed on to the next trophic level?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
52.
If there are 100 Kcal of energy available in the producers, how much energy would be available in the herbivores?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
53.
A tertiary consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
54.
The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain organisms that do photosynthesis?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D

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