NEW
Font size
WorksheetsFormative assessment 1
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
1. The hallmark of acute inflammation is
Increased blood flow
Vascular stasis
Increased vascular permeability
Rubor, calor, dolor, tumor
Which cause pain in acute inflammation
C3a
C5a
LTB4
Bradykinin
A preformed mediator of inflammation is
Prostaglandin
Histamine
Leucotriene
Nitric oxide
Which of the following is not a common site for metastatic calcification?
Kidney
Gastric mucosa
lung
Parathyroid
Which is the most common mechanism of vascular leakage in acute inflammation-
Endothelial cell contraction
Junctional retraction
Direct injury
Leukocyte-dependent leakage
The first vascular response to injury is
slowing of the circulation
venular dilatation
recruitment of the vascular beds
capillary enlargement
Which of the following chemical mediators are involved in giant cell granulomatous inflammation
Complement C5a
Interferon γ
Bradykinin
Nitric oxide
Which type of amyloid is seen in chronic diseases-
A beta2 microglobulin
SAA type
AL type
ATTR
Epithelioid cell granulomas are composed of
Neutrophils, fibroblasts, macrophages
Lymphocytes, activated macrophages, fibroblasts
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, epithelioid cells
Epithelioid cells, plasma cells, mast cells
Leukocyte extravasation occurs in the following order
Activation, rolling, transmigration, adhesion
Rolling, activation, adhesion, immigration
Adhesion, rolling, activation, transmigration
Rolling, activation, adhesion, transmigration
In acute inflammation, which is the correct sequence of events with regard to vascular flow and caliber?
Vasodilation, margination, stasis, vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction, stasis, margination, vasodilation
Vasodilation, stasis, vasoconstriction, marginaiton
Vasoconstriction, vasodilation, stasis, margination
Amyloid is
Aggregation of misfolded normally soluble protein
Agregation of soluble polymeric protein
Aggregation of soluble intracellular proteins
Aggregation of insoluble normal protein
To demonstrate amyloid on gross specimens which solution is used
Concentrated HCL
Lugol’s iodine
Potassium permanganate
Conc.HNO3
Purpose of using fixative in cytology
prevention of degeneration of cells and tissue
preservation of cells as close as possible to the living state
all of the above
none of the above
1. True about Liquid based cytology is
(a) Study of cells in liquid medium
(b) Results are better than conventional pap smear
(c) It is an inexpensive and simple method
Study of cells in liquid medium
Results are better than conventional pap smear
It is an inexpensive and simple method
Both a and b
Transudate differs from exudate in having the following features except:
No inflammatory cells
Low glucose content
Low protein content
Low specific gravity
Which of the following is incorrect regarding the pathogenesis of edema:
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Increased plasma oncotic pressure
Lymphatic obstruction
None of the above
In chronic venous congestion of the liver, which of the following histopathological findings is not seen:
Marked congestion of the central vein and sinusoids.
Nutmeg liver
Periportal hepatocyte necrosis
Periportal fatty change
An intact endothelium elaborates the following anti thrombotic factors except:
Thrombomodulin
Tissue plasminogen activator
Tissue factor
Prostacyclin
Which of the following statement is true:
Arterial thrombi are red and propagate in the direction of the blood flow.
Arterial thrombi are white and propagate retrograde to the direction of the blood flow.
Venous thrombi are white and propagate retrograde to the direction of the blood flow.
None of the above
A patient presents with sudden onset dyspnea, tachycardia and
restlessness three days after fracture of shaft of femur. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Hypovolemic shock
Fat embolism
Cardiac failure
None of the above
Which of the following is not a risk factor for thrombosis?
Prolonged immobilization
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
Atrial fibrillation
Platelet function defects
In antiphospholipid syndrome, the antibodies are directed against which of the following:
Anti Beta glycoprotein 1
Anti cardiolipin
Both A and B
Anti neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)
The infarct of the following organ is invariably haemorrhagic:
Infarct Kidney
Infarct lung
Infarct spleen
Infarct heart
In a patient of acute myocardial infarction due to sudden occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery, the histological findings will be consistent with:
Coagulative necrosis
Liquifactive necrosis
Fat necrosis
Fibrinoid necrosis
The cause of hemorrhagic testicular infarction following a testicular torsion in a 9 year old boy is:
Arterial occlusion
Septic infarction
Dual blood supply of testis
None of the above
Which one of the listed changes correctly describe the pathophysiology in the production of pulmonary edema in patients with congestive heart failure:
Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
Endothelial damage
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Increased vascular permeability
Which of the following statement is true about hyperemia:
It is a passive process
Increased delivery of oxygenated blood.
Reduced outflow of blood from tissue
There is reduced blood flow
In a patient of hemophilia with factor VIII deficiency, the results of coagulation tests in the laboratory will be :
Prolonged PT and prolonged PTT
Prolonged PT and Normal PTT
Normal PT and prolonged PTT
Normal PT and PTT
Which of the following statement is not true regarding decompression sickness
It is a form of air embolism
It is caused by rapid ascend of scuba divers due to increase amount of CO2 in the lung
Acute decompression sickness causes bends and chokes
Multiple foci of skeleton muscle necrosis in patients of chronic decompression
All of the following statement are true regarding necroptosis except?
It also results in Caspase activation leading to cell death
Morphologically and biochemically it resembles necrosis
Mechanically it is triggered by programmed cell signal transduction pathways resembling apoptosis
It is also known as programmed necrosis
All of the following statement are true regarding telomerase except:
Telomerase act to cause breakdown of repetitive sequence of DNA and shorten it
Telomer length shortened after each replication
Telomerase is RNA protein complex
Telomer are short repetitive sequences at the end of DNA
All of the following are example of apoptosis in physiological situation except:
Cell loss in proliferating cell population
Elimination of self reactive lymphocytes
Destruction of cell during embryogenesis
Accumulation of misfolded protein leading to ER stress
While doing a screening chest radiograph in an asymptomatic 37-year-old man a 3-cm nodule in the middle lobe of his right lung was found. The nodule on sectioning shows a sharply circumscribed mass with a soft, white center. The microscopic appearance is shown in the figure. The serum interferon gamma release assay is positive. Which of the following pathologic processes has most likely occurred in this nodule?
Apoptosis
caseous necrosis
fat necrosis
coagulative necrosis
An experimental study of non alcoholic steatohepatitis reveals that hepatocyte cell membrane injury with necrosis occurs in response to increased amounts of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). When drugs inhibiting caspases is administered, cell necrosis still occurs. Which of the following substances forms a complex that increases the generation of reactive oxygen species?
Catalase
Cytochrome c
Ubiquitin ligase
Receptor-interacting protein
