• Measures the height of the airplane above a given pressure level.

• The only instrument that gives altitude information.

• One of the most vital instruments.

(a)  

1

(a)  

2

(a)  

While on the ground, set barometric scale to the current altimeter setting. The pointers should indicate the field elevation. Maximum difference is +/ - (a)  

Sometimes called “Vertical Velocity Indicator (VVI). • Indicates whether the airplane is climbing, descending, or in level flight. • Rate of climb or descent is indicated in feet per minute

(a)  

Trend Information – shows an immediate indication of an increase or decrease in the rate of climb or descent. Rate Information – shows a stabilized rate of change in altitude

(a)  

To verify proper operation, make sure the VSI is indicating near zero prior to takeoff. After takeoff, it should indicate a positive rate of climb.

(a)  

A sensitive, differential pressure gauge which measures and shows promptly the difference between pitot or impact pressure, and static pressure, the undisturbed atmospheric pressure at level flight. The difference in pressure is registered by the pointer on the face of ASI, which is calibrated in miles per hour or knots or both

(a)  

True Airspeed (TAS) – CAS corrected for altitude and nonstandard temperature. Flight Computer – accurate method Add _% per 1,000ft - approximation

(a)  

True Airspeed (TAS) – CAS corrected for altitude and nonstandard temperature. Flight Computer – accurate method Add 2% per (a)   ft - approximation

Prior to takeoff, the ASI should read zero. When beginning the takeoff, make sure the airspeed is increasing at an appropriate rate.

(a)  

[SENSORS]

•Senses Impact Pressure

(a)  

[SENSORS]

•Senses STATIC AIR PRESSURE

(a)  

qThree basic pressure-operated instruments:

•Altimeter

•VSI

•Airspeed Indicator

qThese depend upon the ambient atmospheric pressure.

qThe pressure of the static, or still air, is measured at a flush port where the air is not disturbed.

(a)  

nIndicates Height above a given pressure altitude

Dependent upon altimeter setting

(a)  

[Altimeter]

nOperation

•Set to current altimeter setting

•Set to 29.92 or (a)  

•Set to Qnh

Altimeter Checks

•+- (a)   feet from field elevation

Problems

•Stuck up

-____________

-____________

(a)  

Indicates RATE of climb in feet per minute

Has no adjustments

(a)  

Can be used as an alternate static source

(a)  

Differential Pressure Gauge

Uses Impact Pressure and Static Pressure

Provides IAS

(a)  

[Gyroscopic Principles]

Regardless of the position of its base, a gyro tends to remain rigid in space, with its axis of rotation pointed in a constant direction.

(a)  

[Gyroscopic Principles]

Regardless of the position of its base, a gyro tends to remain rigid in space, with its axis of rotation pointed in a constant direction.

(a)  

[Gyroscopic Principles]

It is the tilting or turning of a gyro in response to a deflective force.

This principle allows the gyro to determine a rate of turn by sensing the amount of pressure created by a change in direction.

(a)  

The 3 Gyro instruments are the _________,___________,___________ Indicator

(a)  

[Attitude Indicator]

Bank Limit : (a)   degrees

[Attitude Indicator]

Pitch Limit : (a)   degrees

§Works on the “Rigidity in Space” Principle

§Subject to precession errors

§More accurate for monitoring turns

(a)  

1

(a)  

2

(a)  

3

(a)  

4

(a)  

5

(a)  

[Turn Indicators]

Indicates Rate of Turn

(a)  

[Turn Indicators]

§Indicates Roll Rate

§Indicates Rate of Turn

(a)  

[Turn Indicators]

§Indicates the Quality of the Turn

(a)