(I) Pearls are gathered by men known as pearl divers. (II) Actually, these men do not dive. (III) They are lowered by a rope to the bottom of the sea. (IV) Many tourists to Japan enjoy shopping for cultured pearls. (V) Pearl gatherers work in pairs with one remaining at the surface to help the other return from his dive.

(I) The cars of the future will include vehicles that run on non-polluting hydrogen, a scientific journal claimed yesterday. (II) Dr. Fischer, the head of the research group, predicted that fuel-cell vehicles running on hydrogen would be the cars of the future, although not until 2020 at the earliest. (III) The Swedish carmaker Volvo claims that their cars are the safest cars on the road today and have the least fatalities in accidents. (IV) James Rosenstein, the vide-president at the vehicle maker Toyota said, “I see hydrogen technology as a major mainstream technology”. (V) A prototype of these fuel-cell vehicles has been launched and the reaction has been very positive.

(I) After twenty years of being very successful, fast-food restaurants are no longer doing as well as they were. (II) At this point, the 10 billion dollar fast-food hamburger business is having trouble. (III) There are three major reasons for this. (IV) While they are cooking hamburgers, they pay attention to the flavours that people are used to in their daily lives and prepare the food accordingly. (V) The first reason is the increase in the cost of beef over the past three years.

(I) The weather affects all of us in some way. (II) Some people, however, are especially sensitive to changes in the weather. (III) In addition, working conditions seem to have strong effects on people, especially, on their production ability. (IV) For several years, psychiatrists have been studying groups who become depressed when the seasons change. (V) For example, when the winter comes, these people generally lose their interest in life and want to spend their time sleeping or staying at home the whole day.

(I) Rain forests, such as those in South America and Africa, contain more plant and animal species than any other area in the world. (II) For example, more bird species have been identified in a wildlife preserve in Peru than in the entire United States. (III) At least 700 different tree species have been found in one forest in Borneo. (IV) That same number exists in the whole of North America. (V) If nothing is done to prevent these rain forests from being cleared, a large number of plants and animal species will certainly become extinct.

(I) Adults visit amusement parks for several reasons. (II) For one thing, an amusement park is a place where it is acceptable to eat a lot of junk food. (III) At the park, everyone drinks soda and eats popcorn, ice-cream, or hot dogs. (IV) No one seems to be on a diet, and so buying all the junk food you can eat is a guilt-free experience. (V) Parks should provide stands where healthier food, such as salads or cold chicken, would be sold.

(I)Many Romantic writers in Europe were preoccupied with the fact and idea of revolution. (II)For instance, in the early period of French Revolution, all the leading English Romantic were in sympathy with it. (III)In fact, they were among its most fervent adherents. (IV)Through the greater part of the eighteenth century, man had been viewed a limited being in strictly ordered and essentially unchanging world. (V)Later, even after the first enthusiastic expectations had been disappointed by the events in France, the younger writers felt that its example still constituted humanity’s best hope.

(I) Teachers should take steps to prevent students from cheating in exams. (II) To begin with, teachers should stop reusing old tests. (III) Teachers should also take some common-sense precautions at test time. (IV) They should make students separate themselves--by at least one seat—during an exam, and they should watch the class closely. (V) One of the problems with our school systems is a lack of discipline.

(I) Seismic waves are the vibrations from earthquakes that travel through Earth.(II) The Richter magnitude scale was developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter of the California Institute of Technology to compare the intensity of earthquakes.(III) They are recorded on instruments called seismographs.(IV) Seismographs record a zigzag trace that shows the varying amplitude of ground oscillations beneath the instrument.(V) Sensitive seismographs, which greatly magnify these ground movements, can detect strong earthquakes from sources anywhere in the world.

(I) As you use your calendar to manage your time, think about how long certain activities will take. (II) A common mistake is to underestimate the time needed to do something, even something simple. (III) For example, when you are planning the time needed to get cash from the cash machine, remember that there may be a line of people. (IV) Last week in line I met a woman I went to high school with, so we chatted. (V) When you are estimating time for a more complex activity, such as reading a chapter in a textbook, block out more time than you think you will need.

(I)Science is systematic because of the attention it gives to organizing knowledge and making it readily accessible to all who wish to build on its foundation. (II)If the results support the hypothesis, the scientist may use them to generate related hypothesis. (III)In this way science is both a personal and a social endeavour. (IV)In other words, it is beneficial both to the individual and to society at large. (V)Therefore, science contributes a great deal to the improvement and the quality of human life.

(I) As people age, the amount of water in the body decreases. (II) Since many drugs dissolve in water and since less water is available to dilute them, these drugs reach higher level of concentration in the elderly. (III) Also, the kidneys are less able to excrete drugs into the urine, and the liver is less able to metabolize many drugs. (IV) For these reasons, many drugs tend to stay in an elderly person’s body much longer than they would in a younger person’s body. (V) People in every civilization in recorded history have used drugs of plant and animal origin to prevent and treat disease.

(I) Modern Bergama is a sleepy agricultural market town in the midst of a well-watered plain. (II)There has been a town here since Trojan times. (III)Of Bergama’s four main tourist attractions, only the museum is in centre of the town. (IV)However, it was during the period between Alexander the Great and the Roman domination that Bergama, then called Pergamum, enjoyed its greatest prosperity. (V)At that time, it became one of the Middle East’s richest and most powerful small kingdoms.

(I) In the fall of 2000 and the winter of 2001, Britain was beset by a series of problems.(II) In September 2000, rising oil prices prompted protests by truck drivers and farmers who demanded a reduction in the fuel tax.(III) In November 2000, a series of unusually severe rainstorms and tornadoes caused high flooding and killed 12 people. (IV) In June 2001, Blair won a second landslide victory, with the Labour Party capturing 413 seats in Parliament.(V) In February 2001, foot-and-mouth disease broke out among British livestock, prompting other countries to ban British meat import and forcing the slaughter of thousands of cattle, pigs and sheep.