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WorksheetsFinal Review 7th Science
Total questions: 32
Worksheet time: 32mins
The students observed that the smaller ice cubes in Ice Bath 2 melted faster than the larger ice block in Ice Bath 1.
Based on the ice bath setup in Figure 1, which statement best explains why several smaller ice cubes melt faster than a larger block of ice?
Smaller ice cubes have more surface area in contact with the liquid water, so more thermal energy is transferred from the water to the ice.
Smaller ice cubes have more surface area in contact with the liquid water, so more thermal energy is transferred from the ice to the water.
A larger ice block has more surface area in contact with the liquid water, so less thermal energy is transferred from the ice to the water.
A larger ice block has more surface area in contact with the liquid water, so less thermal energy is transferred from the water to the ice.
Students want to collect data on how the average kinetic energy of the liquid water molecules in the ice baths changes during an experiment.
Which statement best describes a change to the ice bath experiment that will help the students collect this data?
Measure the water height in each ice bath throughout the experiment and compare the initial and final water heights.
Measure the water volume in each ice bath throughout the experiment and compare the initial and final water volumes.
Measure the size of each piece of ice in each ice bath throughout the experiment and compare the initial and final sizes of each piece of ice.
Measure the water temperature in each ice bath throughout the experiment and compare the initial and final water temperatures.
Like some traits in other plants, spider plant traits can change over time through the process of natural selection.
Which trait change would most likely affect both the pollination and the probability that future generations of spider plants will survive?
a change in the number of pups per plant
a change in the color of the leaves
a change in the shape of the flowers
a change in the size of the seeds
Part A
Different types of trait selection can take different amounts of time for trait changes to occur.
Which change would cause the traits of a spider plant to change the fastest?
spider plants adapting to different climates in South Africa
a gardener planting a spider plant in a new garden
spider plants adapting to light intensity in different locations
a botanist developing a new type of spider plant
Part B
Which statement best explains how a botanist developing a new type of spider plant would result in a faster change in the traits of a spider plant?
Artificial selection always results in the desired trait changes in the first generation.
Artificial selection helps control which traits survive, resulting in trait changes over fewer generations.
Natural selection always results in the desired trait changes in the first few generations.
Natural selection favors the survival of specific traits, resulting in trait changes over several generations.
Studies show that volcanoes emit about 130 to 380 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year.
Which question can best help scientists determine if either volcanic eruptions or human activities are the main cause of the increasing CO2 levels shown in Graph 2?
How many active volcanoes are there on Earth?
Is there more carbon in limestone and rock deposits or in coal, oil, and gas deposits?
Does the rate of combustion for fossil fuels occur faster than a volcanic eruption?
How has the emission of greenhouse gases from human activities changed over time?
Part B
Which statement about how atoms and molecules move through the slow carbon cycle is best supported by what you know about Law of Conservation of Matter?
The total number of atoms for each element does not change even after a reaction occurs in the slow carbon cycle.
The total mass of each element always changes after a reaction occurs in the slow carbon cycle.
The total number of molecules formed always changes after a reaction occurs in the slow carbon cycle.
The total mass of each element decreases each time a reaction occurs in the slow carbon cycle.
Volcanic Carbon
The carbon cycle depends on both slow and fast processes to move carbon through different steps. Slow carbon cycle steps can take more than 100 million years to move carbon from the atmosphere, to Earth's interior, and back to the atmosphere. The basic steps in the slow carbon cycle are shown in Figure 1.
The slow carbon cycle begins with carbon in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere can move into the ocean in two main ways. The CO2 can either dissolve in the ocean or mix with rain before flowing into the ocean. Carbon is then deposited on the ocean floor in the form of shells and sediment. The carbon on the ocean floor turns into rock beneath Earth's surface over long periods of time. When volcanoes erupt, carbon stored in these rocks is cycled back into the atmosphere in the form of CO2 gas.
Graph 1 shows how three different eruptions of the Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii resulted in changes to atmospheric CO2 levels. The data show the amount of CO2 added to the atmosphere after each eruption.
Researchers have been studying how emissions from both volcanoes and human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, impact the atmosphere. Both types of emissions contribute to the total CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Graph 2 shows that atmospheric CO2 levels have been steadily increasing over time. This increase in CO2 levels has been linked to the increase in global surface temperatures.
Which conclusions about the effects of volcanic emissions over time are most supported by the results in Graph 1?
Select the two correct answers.
The Mauna Loa volcano erupts about every 10 years.
Individual volcanic eruptions show no significant long-term impacts on CO2 levels.
The change in CO2 levels in the volcanic eruption data explains the steady increase in atmospheric CO2 levels.
The amount of CO2 released at the peak of a volcanic eruption decreases with each new eruption
Volcanic eruptions can result in large short-term increases in CO2 levels.
In an ecosystem where the "whale pump" process occurs, which change would most likely increase the amount of nutrients recycled into shallower ocean depths?
introducing more fish into the ecosystem to increase the fish population
improving whaling efforts to decrease the whale population
removing phytoplankton from shallow ocean depths to decrease the amount of phytoplankton
making whales a protected species to increase the whale population
Which statement describes the most effective way to monitor waterways to prevent the effects of zebra mussels?
Take samples of the surface water to look for zebra mussel waste products.
Measure algae and plankton levels at the bottom of the waterway.
Measure how clear the water is to detect changing algae and plankton levels.
Perform random visual inspections of the bottom of the waterway to look for zebra mussels.
Which statement best explains a negative impact that zebra mussels can have on an ecosystem?
A growing number of zebra mussels can increase the amount of algae and plankton in the water.
A growing number of zebra mussels can decrease the water temperature.
A growing number of zebra mussels can increase the number of decomposers at the bottom of a waterway.
A growing number of zebra mussels can decrease the number of fish living in the water.
In 2007 mussels similar to zebra mussels were found in waterways near Lake Mead along the Colorado River.
Select the location showing where an inspection checkpoint would be most effective in preventing the further spread of these mussels.
Location 1
Location 2
Location 3
Location 4
Which conclusion about the spread of zebra mussels in different waterways is most supported by the evidence in Graph 1?
Zebra mussels spread into other waterways only after many years of first being introduced into an ecosystem.
Waterways in Minnesota are less protected from zebra mussel growth than waterways in Michigan and Wisconsin.
Zebra mussels rapidly spread into other waterways once they are first introduced into an ecosystem.
Zebra mussel growth eventually becomes constant after long periods of time.
Which statement from the stimulus best explains the fact that Zebra mussels rapidly spread into other waterways once they are first introduced into an ecosystem.
"This species was first observed in the Great Lakes area of North America in the 1980s, likely as a result of the zebra mussels attaching to the sides of ships."
"A single zebra mussel can produce five million eggs, with 100,000 of those eggs potentially reaching adulthood."
"Their main diet is algae and plankton, which can have a large impact on other organisms in the food web "
"The efforts at Lake Tahoe have shown that aggressive management strategies can help prevent the spread of these types of species."
The diagram shows different steps in the water cycle.
Which of the steps shown in the water cycle diagram mainly occur due to the force of gravity?
Select the three correct answers.
surface flow
condensation
precipitation
infiltration
plant uptake
A student is running an experiment to measure how the pressure of a gas changes with temperature. The student will measure the pressure of the gas inside a bulb for three different temperatures, as shown in the experiment setup.
which of the following is true
the hot water will have high pressure
the hot water will have low pressure
the cold water will have high pressure
the cold water will have low pressure
Which statement best explains one role of energy for the model
Glucose reacts with oxygen and absorbs energy from the crane to form carbon dioxide.
Glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy for the crane to use.
The crane absorbs energy directly from the glucose molecules.
The crane transfers energy to the carbon dioxide molecules.
Based on Map 1, which statement describes the main cause of the weather pattern known as the Arizona monsoon?
Much of the southwestern United States is desert.
Ocean water to the south of Arizona is warm.
Winds at this latitude tend to blow from west to east.
Land masses heat up more quickly than oceans.
Which weather data would best indicate that monsoon rains are coming to Arizona on a hot day in August?
Select the three correct answers.
wind blowing from the south
high air pressure
high humidity
low air pressure
wind blowing from the north
Part A
How does the evidence in Map 2 and Map 3 best support the claim that the geography of Arizona contributes to the monsoon conditions in the summer?
The greatest changes in precipitation occur in areas with higher elevations.
The increased number of plants in the southwest corner produce high levels of precipitation.
The areas of greatest precipitation are those farthest from the oceans.
High levels of precipitation are associated with low elevation across the state.
Which statement best supports the fact that The greatest changes in precipitation occur in areas with higher elevations.
Areas of heavy vegetation tend to have a wetter climate.
Winds tend to blow across the continent.
Air holds less moisture as it rises and cools.
Winds become drier as they move to lower altitudes.
Which statement best explains the relationship between the amount of sunlight a plant receives and the flow of energy into and out of the plant system?
An increase in the amount of sunlight adds more energy to the system and increases the rate of photosynthesis.
An increase in the amount of sunlight removes energy from the system and decreases the rate of photosynthesis.
A decrease in the amount of sunlight removes energy from the system and increases the rate of photosynthesis.
A decrease in the amount of sunlight adds more energy to the system and decreases the rate of photosynthesis.
The diagram shows how fish use food and oxygen in the water to begin the process of cellular respiration.
Which statement best describes the total number of carbon atoms during cellular respiration in the fish?
The total number of carbon atoms decreases because the carbon-containing molecules from the food are destroyed during digestion.
The total number of carbon atoms increases because the carbon-containing molecules from the food are used to make smaller carbon dioxide molecules.
The total number of carbon atoms stays the same because the carbon from the carbon-containing food molecules is used to make molecules such as carbon dioxide.
The total number of carbon atoms decreases because the carbon from the carbon-containing food molecules changes into other types of atoms.
Students conducted an experiment in which sugar was added to separate beakers of water and sulfuric add. Once the sugar was added, the students recorded their observations:
Beaker #1 (sugar and water): no color change, no solid forms, solid sugar dissolves, no bubbles Beaker #2 (sugar and sulfuric acid): color change, solid forms, bubbles form, gas given off
In which beaker or beakers did a chemical reaction most likely occur?
Beaker #1
Beaker #2
both Beaker #1 and Beaker #2
neither Beaker #1 nor Beaker #2
Squirrels in different areas can have a range of fur colors including gray, brown, and black. For a number of years, the majority of squirrels in North America have had a gray fur color. Scientists have recently observed an increase in squirrels with black fur color from 0-5 percent of the squirrel population to as much as 25 percent of the squirrel population in some areas.
Part A
Which statement best describes how squirrels with gray fur color and squirrels with black fur color have adapted to these areas in recent years?
Squirrels with gray fur color have adapted traits that are better suited for these areas than the traits in squirrels with black fur color.
Squirrels with black fur color have adapted traits that are better suited for these areas than the traits in squirrels with gray fur color.
Squirrels with gray fur color and squirrels with black fur color have adapted equally to living in these areas.
Squirrels with gray fur color and squirrels with black fur color both have adapted traits that are less suited to living in these areas.
Which description of a trait best supports the fact that Squirrels with black fur color have adapted traits that are better suited for these areas than the traits in squirrels with gray fur color.
Gray fur helps squirrels better hide from predators.
Gray fur and black fur help make squirrels equally visible to predators.
Gray fur and black fur help squirrels need less food in order to survive.
Black fur helps squirrels stay warm by absorbing more energy from the Sun.
The graph shows the change in global carbon emissions during the years 1900 through 2014.
Based on the graph, which factors should scientists study to best determine why carbon emission levels began to increase rapidly beginning in the 1950s?
Select the three correct answers.
changes in solar radiation levels
the total amount of precipitation each year
the number of cars used in each year
changes in wind speed each year
the total amount of fossil fuels burned per year
Students at a bonfire noticed that a large amount of gas and ash were produced as they watched the logs of wood burn.
Which statement best explains the type of change that occurred as the logs of wood burned?
A physical change occurred because the ash and gas produced can easily be turned back into wood.
A chemical change occurred because the atoms in the wood reacted with oxygen and rearranged to form new combinations of atoms and molecules.
A physical change occurred because the atoms in the wood changed from a solid state to a gaseous state as the atoms in the wood burned.
A chemical change occurred because a chemical reaction occurs any time heat is added to a substance.
The Boulder Reservoir is a grassland ecosystem that is home to a number of animals, including prairie dogs and different types of hawks. These hawks often eat small prey, such as prairie dogs.
A survey of two hawk populations in the Boulder Reservoir area was completed between 1984 and 2008, as shown in the graph. During this time, the prairie dog population in the Boulder Reservoir area largely decreased due to disease and urban development.
Which statement best explains how a decrease in the Boulder Reservoir prairie dog population led to changes in the hawk populations?
The decrease in the prairie dog population resulted in a decrease for both hawk populations, indicating that there was no food for the hawks to eat.
A decrease in the prairie dog population resulted in a decrease in the ferruginous hawk population, indicating that prairie dogs are the main food source of ferruginous hawks in this area.
The same disease that resulted in a decrease in the prairie dog population spread to the hawks and resulted in a decrease in both hawk populations.
A decrease in the prairie dog population resulted in an increase in the red-tailed hawk population, indicating that prairie dogs are the main food source of red-tailed hawks in this area
Use the information and your knowledge of science to answer the question.
Humans often use methods of artificial selection, such as selective breeding, to produce horses with specific traits.
Part A
Which statement best describes how selective breeding helps horse breeders produce the most desirable traits for racing?
Selective breeding produces horses with a higher rate of survival due to an increase in the genetic diversity of the horse offspring.
Selective breeding helps breeders control which traits are passed on by producing horse offspring that only have the desired traits.
Selective breeding uses two horse parents with the desired traits to increase the chances of passing the desired traits on to offspring.
Selective breeding uses two horse parents with unknown traits to produce offspring with genetic variations and different traits.
Select the sentence that best identifies a potential negative impact of the selective breeding based on the following: Selective breeding uses two horse parents with the desired traits to increase the chances of passing the desired traits on to offspring.
Horse prices had risen artificially high and selective breeding was used to improve the quality of the horses.
A decline in mating means more dedication to the idea of quality over quantity among the breed.
Because the perfect race horse is both fast and light, breeding has focused on Thoroughbreds with huge muscle concentrations but light bones.
While Thoroughbreds have become faster over the years, they have also grown more fragile, producing a breed of horse with what one writer called "the heart of a locomotive and champagne-glass ankles."
The human body uses skin layers to protect different parts of the body, such as internal organs, muscles, and bones. The diagram shows how blood capillaries interact with the dermis skin layer.
Which statement about human skin is most supported by evidence from the diagram?
The deepest layer of the skin makes white and red blood cells.
Both the dermis skin layer and the blood capillaries are made of the same type of cell.
The capillaries circulate blood to skin cells in the different skin layers.
The dermis skin layer is part of the circulatory system.
