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Components of the Universe 8.8 Review Game

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The Hertzsprung-Russell or HR diagram...

a)

compares stars by plotting size against temperature.

b)

compares stars by plotting luminosity against color.

c)

compares our sun against only other main sequence stars.

d)

compares stars by plotting luminosity against temperature.

2.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
3.

Which stars are the coldest?

a)

Yellow Star

b)

Red Star

c)

Orange Star

d)

Blue Star

4.

Which stars are the hottest?

a)

Yellow Star

b)

Red Star

c)

Orange Star

d)

Blue Star

5.

Generally accepted theory about the beginning of the universe.

a)

Galaxies

b)

Big Bang

c)

Black Hole

d)

Universal

6.

A collection of dust and gas where stars can form is called a...

a)

universe

b)

nebula

c)

black hole

d)

supernova

7.

Our sun is located near the edge of a ______ galaxy, named the _______.

a)

Spiral shaped; Milky Way

b)

Spiral shaped; Solar System

c)

Elliptical shaped; Milky Way

d)

Elliptical shaped; Solar System

8.

There are four groups of stars on the HR Diagram. About 90% of all stars are in the ________.

a)

Supergiants

b)

Giants

c)

White dwarfs

d)

Main sequence

9.

Based on the data, which star would you presume would have the greatest mass? Hint: The larger the apparent brightness, the brighter the star appears.

a)

Star X

b)

Star Y

c)

Star Z

10.

How can you rearrange the words to match the diagram correctly in terms of sizes in space?

a)

Solar systems in the largest circle, then galaxies, followed by the universe in the smallest circle.

b)

Universe in the largest circle, then galaxies, followed by the solar systems in the smallest circle.

c)

Galaxies in the largest circle, then universe, followed by the solar systems in the smallest circle.

d)

The diagram is already correct.

11.

Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have a lower than average luminosity as well as a higher than average temperature?

a)

Giants

b)

Main Sequence

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Supergiants

12.

Our sun is located near the edge of a ______ galaxy, named the _______.

a)

Spiral shaped; Milky Way

b)

Spiral shaped; Solar System

c)

Elliptical shaped; Milky Way

d)

Elliptical shaped; Solar System

13.

Stars are classified on the HR Diagram by...

a)

luminosity and brightness.

b)

temperature and absolute magnitude (or luminosity).

c)

temperature and apparent magnitude.

d)

temperature and distance.

14.

Stars radiate thermal energy through space by a process called _____ where the element _____ is converted into helium.

a)

nuclear fusion; hydrogen

b)

nuclear fusion; lithium

c)

nuclear transfer; hydrogen

d)

nuclear transfer; boron

15.

Which of the following best describes the sun's position in the Milky Way galaxy?

a)

The sun is a giant yellow star located close to the galactic core.

b)

The sun is a medium yellow star located approximately 2/3 of the way down one of the galaxy's spiral arms.

c)

The sun is a dwarf star located at the end of one of the spiral arms.

d)

The sun is a medium yellow star located one light year from the galactic core.

16.

Small chunk of rock falling through planet's atmosphere

a)

comet

b)

meteor

c)

star

d)

asteroid

17.
How can you rearrange the words to match the diagram correctly in terms of size and space?
a)
Solar System in the largest circle, then Nebula, followed by the Galaxies in the smallest circle.
b)
Nebula in the largest circle, then Galaxies, followed by the Solar System in the smallest circle.
c)
Galaxies in the largest circle, then Nebula, followed by the Solar System in the smallest circle.
d)
The diagram is labeled correctly.
18.
Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have lower than average luminosity as well as a higher than average temperature?
a)
Giants
b)
Main Sequence
c)
White Dwarfs
d)
Super Giants
19.
A collection of dust and gases where stars can form is called a:
a)
Galaxy
b)
Nebula
c)
Black Hole
d)
Supernova
20.
Our Sun is located near the edge of a _____ ______ galaxy, named the ____________.
a)
disc shaped, Milky Way
b)
disc shaped, Solar System
c)
elliptical shaped, Milky Way
d)
elliptical shaped, Solar System
21.
Choose the best description of Bernard's star.
a)
Bernard's star is both cooler and brighter than the sun.
b)
Bernard's star is both cooler and dimmer than the sun.
c)
Bernard's star is neither cooler or dimmer than the sun.
d)
Bernard's star is brighter and hotter than the sun.
22.
The sun is not:
a)
a medium size star.
b)
near the edge of a disc-shaped galaxy.
c)
many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star.
d)
in the center of the Milky Way.
23.
Stars are classified on the HR diagram by:
a)
luminosity & brightness
b)
temperature & absolute magnitude luminosity
c)
temperature & apparent magnitude
d)
temperature & density
24.
What shape is this galaxy?
a)
elliptical
b)
spiral
c)
irregular
d)
obtuse
25.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular 
d)
Irrational
26.
Which statement is true about the sun?
a)
It is a star.    
b)
It is the largest star in our galaxy. 
c)
It is a planet close to Earth.
d)
It is a moon. 
27.
 Why does the sun appear so bright in our sky?
a)
The sun is the largest star
b)
Looking at the sun can hurt your eyes  
c)
The sun is the nearest star to Earth 
d)
Clouds make the sun dimmer
28.

The Milky Way

a)

Star

b)

Moon

c)

Planet

d)

Galaxy

29.
What is the name of the explosion at the death of a massive star?
a)
Supergiant
b)
Supernova
c)
Black Hole
d)
Nebula
30.
______ is a force that causes dust particles to stick together in a nebula.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
gravity
c)
hydrogen
d)
iron
31.
Which star has the lowest luminosity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
32.

Our sun is in what stage?

a)

planetary nebula

b)

protostar

c)

main sequence

d)

red giant

33.

Why can't we see the entire shape of the Milky Way Galaxy?

a)

Earth is part of the Milky Way

b)

More stars exist outside of the galaxy

c)

the stars in the center are very small

d)

the center of the galaxy is a dense star cluster

34.

This is a model of a galaxy a student made out of sand, each grain of sand would represent-

a)

comet

b)

black hole

c)

asteroid

d)

star

35.

Why does the sun appear brighter than the supergiant star Betelgeuse?

a)

the sun is a different color

b)

the sun is older

c)

the sun is closer

d)

the sun is made of different elements

36.

The picture is of a galaxy found in the Universe. What is the shape of this galaxy?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Obtuse

d)

Irregular

37.
The illustration provided shows four locations in or near the Milky Way Galaxy. Which of the labeled locations shows the approximate position of the Sun?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
38.
How many of the stars visible in the night sky are closer to Earth than to the Sun?
a)
All of them
b)
None of them
c)
About half
d)
Only one
39.
A characteristic of a nebula is that it
a)
is at the center of the solar system
b)
is a region where stars are born
c)
forms halfway through a star's life cycle
d)
has the coolest temperature in space
40.
Which celestial body is know for its intense pull of gravity?
a)
nebula
b)
black hole
c)
Super Giant
d)
A Galaxy
41.
The Milky Way galaxy is described as a disk of stars orbiting a central point on the disk. Which of these best explains why people on Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way?
a)
Earth is a part of this galaxy
b)
Many more stars exist outside the galaxy
c)
The stars in the center of the galaxy are extremely small.
d)
The center of the galaxy consists of a dense cluster of stars.
42.
The universe has may different components.  Which list places four components of the universe in the most likely order from smallest to largest.
a)
Planets, Stars, Galaxies, Nebulae
b)
Nebulae, Stars, Planets, Galaxies
c)
Galaxies, Stars, Planets, Nebulae
d)
Planets, Stars, Nebulae, Galaxies
43.
The Milky Way galaxy is described as a disk of stars orbiting a central point on the disk. Which of these best explains why people on Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way?
a)
Earth is a part of this galaxy
b)
Many more stars exist outside the galaxy
c)
The stars in the center of the galaxy are extremely small.
d)
The center of the galaxy consists of a dense cluster of stars.
44.
A system of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity is called ---
a)
an asteroid
b)
a nebula
c)
a galaxy
d)
a moon
45.
Stars are made up mostly of which two elements?
a)
Hydrogen and Helium
b)
Mercury and Strontium
c)
Iron and Potassium
d)
Krypton and Bismuth
46.
The stars and all the other matter in a galaxy are held together by which of the following?
a)
Dark Matter
b)
Inertia
c)
gravity
d)
magnetism
47.
Which of the following is an accurate description of the relationship between components of the universe?
a)
Stars always contain galaxies
b)
Galaxies contain many stars
c)
Stars contain several nebulae
d)
Nebulae contain many galaxies
48.
Which of the following best describes a star?  A star is a celestial body ---
a)
composed of rock and metal with a very high density
b)
that is too big to be an asteroid, but too small to be a planet.
c)
that rotates on an axis and revolves around the Sun
d)
composed of gases that emit light due to nuclear reactions
49.
Which of the following best describes a galaxy?  A galaxy is ---
a)
A particle of debris in the solar system that does not act as a satellite of any planet
b)
a visible body of liquid or frozen crystal droplets suspended above a planetary surface
c)
a massive system of stars, gas, dust and dark matter bound together by gravity.
d)
the visible path of a meteoroid as it enters Earth's atmosphere
50.
An interstellar cloud of dust and gases that serves as a location for the formation of new stars is
a)
a meteor
b)
a planet
c)
a galaxy
d)
a nebula
51.
Which of the following components of the universe is best described as a system of stars, gases, and dust held together by gravity.
a)
a nebula
b)
a planet
c)
a meteor
d)
a galaxy
52.
Which of the following components of the universe is best described as an interstellar cloud of dust and gases where stars are formed?
a)
a nebula
b)
a planet
c)
a meteor
d)
a galaxy
53.
Which of the following components of the universe is best described as an interstellar cloud of dust and gases where stars are formed?
a)
a nebula
b)
a planet
c)
a meteor
d)
a galaxy
54.
Which of these correctly compares the masses of different objects in the universe?
a)
A moon has less mass than a star and more mass than the planet it orbits.
b)
A planet has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than the star it orbits.
c)
A galaxy has less mass than a moon and more mass than a planet.
d)
A star has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than a planet.
55.
Which term would be considered the smallest object?
a)
Sun
b)
Supercluster
c)
Galaxy
d)
Universe
56.

What type of galaxy is this?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Irregular

d)

Irrational

57.

What type of galaxy is this?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Irregular

d)

Irrational

58.

What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Irregular

d)

Irrational

59.

What two elements mostly make up stars?

a)

Hydrogen and Oxygen

b)

Hydrogen and Helium

c)

Helium and Oxygen

d)

Hydrogen and Nitrogen

60.

According to the big bang theory, the universe began as an explosion and is still expanding. This theory is supported by observations that the stellar spectra of distant galaxies show a - (hint: which one is moving away?)

a)

a shift toward the red end of the spectrum

b)

a shift toward the blue end of the spectrum

c)

a shift toward the yellow end of the spectrum

d)

a shift toward the white end of the spectrum

61.

As the age of the universe increases, the size of the universe

a)

increases

b)

decreases

62.

Most astronomers agree that at the present time universe is

a)

contracting

b)

expanding

c)

staying the same size

d)

expanding and contracting regularly

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