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WorksheetsUnit 3B: Learning
Total questions: 32
Worksheet time: 23mins
A cancer patient becomes nauseated following chemotherapy treatments. After a few treatments, the patient begins having a sick feeling whenever entering the treatment room. The treatment room has become
an unconditioned stimulus
a conditioned stimulus
a conditioned reinforcer
a primary reinforcer
A dog retrieves the newspaper every day because in the past it received a food reward for this behavior. The dog’s behavior is an example of which of the following?
A classically conditioned response
An unconditioned response
A discriminative stimulus
An operant response
A four-year-old child frequently pulled on the dog’s tail to gain attention. To reduce this undesirable behavior, the parent took away one hour of television viewing every time the child pulled the dog’s tail. Within one week, the undesirable behavior was significantly reduced. The above scenario illustrates
positive punishment
negative punishment
negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement
A person eats a hamburger at a restaurant and develops a very bad stomachache after finishing eating. As a result of the sudden illness, the person cannot eat hamburgers anymore. Just thinking about them makes the person feel sick to the stomach. In this scenario, the thought of a hamburger is
a conditioned stimulus
an unconditioned response
an unconditioned stimulus
a conditioned response
A rat always completes a maze successfully but is only rewarded every third trial. The rat is being rewarded using which of the following reinforcement schedules?
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Fixed-ratio
Variable-interval
According to social learning theory, aggression is the result of which of the following?
Displacement
Modeling
Catharsis
Postconventional thought
An individual’s fear of dogs that is lost as the individual is exposed to dogs in nonthreatening situations is referred to by behaviorists as a fear that has been
suppressed
repressed
punished
extinguished
In a classic study, a group of rats learned to run through a maze to obtain food, and another group of rats explored the maze without receiving food. Some time later, the researcher compared the two groups of rats to determine if both groups would find the food at the end of the maze. According to the researcher, the untrained rats found the food at the end of the maze as quickly as the trained rats as a result of
counterconditioning
avoidance learning
observational learning
latent learning
Carlos wants to lose weight but is having a hard time motivating himself to go to the gym after work because he enjoys watching movies after work instead. To increase his likelihood of going to the gym, Carlos should
reward himself immediately after going to the gym
set a goal of going to the gym at least seven times a week
make an effort to spend time watching movies when not at the gym
reward himself just before going to the gym
Steve’s cat used to run away from loud music. Over time the cat stopped running away from the sound. Which of the following processes has occurred?
Operant conditioning
Generalization
Habituation
Classical conditioning
Superstitious behavior can be produced by: (Hint Skinner and Pigeons)
The accidental timing of rewards
Possession of a large number of traditionally lucky items
Cognitive awareness of superstitious behavior in others
The change in a reinforcement schedule from ratio to interval
In John Watson's famous experiment: Once conditioned to fear a white rat Little Albert began to show fear of all white furry things. This illustrates the process of
Stimulus Generalization
Stimulus Discrimination
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
Zach always tries to do his best during football drills at practice because he loves playing the sport.
Intrinsic motivation
Secondary reinforcement
Extrinsic motivation
Positive reinforcement
After failing multiple quizzes and tests in his math class, Chris has stopped trying because he believes the situation is uncontrollable. This is an example of:
learned helplessness.
observational learning.
negative reinforcement.
extrinsic motivation.
Although people can acquire phobias to almost any object of situation, certain phobias (e.g., those to snakes, spiders, heights) are much more common than others. This finding can best be explained by which of the following concepts?
Biological influences
Spontaneous recovery
Stimulus discrimination
Observational learning
What is Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect?
Responses followed by negative stimuli is likely to increase behaviour
Responses followed by a neutral stimulus is likely to remain neutral
The effects stimulated on others are likely to reciprocate, causing a chain of negative or positive interactions.
Responses followed by satisfaction (positive) are likely to increase behaviour and make it more likely to occur again and again.
Which of the following best describes a neutral stimulus?
Stimulus that causes an automatic response
stimulus that does not cause a response
stimulus that has been learned
stimulus that is conditioned
Which of the following best describes instinctive drift?
The tendency of animals to learn behaviors that they have no prior experience with
The phenomenon where animals' behavior drifts back toward instinctual behaviors even after being trained
The process of reinforcing new behaviors using rewards
The tendency of animals to avoid any new behaviors
What does vicarious conditioning refer to?
Learning that occurs by observing others being rewarded or punished
Conditioning that occurs through direct experience
Classical conditioning paired with reinforcement
Learning that occurs through verbal instruction
In higher order conditioning, what happens after a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a conditioned stimulus?
The neutral stimulus is no longer effective
The neutral stimulus becomes a new conditioned stimulus
The neutral stimulus leads to a diminished response
The neutral stimulus no longer has an association with the conditioned stimulus
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a token reinforcer?
It is something that can be exchanged for a desired reward
It provides an immediate, tangible reward for behavior
It is given only in animal behavior experiments
It is a form of punishment for undesirable actions
