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WorksheetsBiology Course Review Test Review
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 23mins
The diagram shows an energy transformation that typically occurs in plant cell plastids. Which statement best describes this role of plastids in the plant cell?
Mitochondria transform light energy into chemical energy
Chloroplasts transform light energy into chemical energy
Mitochondria transform chemical energy into electromagnetic energy
Chloroplasts transform chemical energy into electromagnetic energy
Human eggs cells are most similar to human sperm cells in which of the following ways?
Amount of stored food
Degree of motility
Chromosome number
Shape and size
Charles Darwin originally published the idea that all species have descended over time from common ancestors. This idea is known as evolution. Which of the following statements best categorized evolution?
A scientific fact that has not been modified since Darwin's time
An unproven observation about a small number of organisms
A scientific theory that is supported by evidence
A scientific hypothesis that has not been researched
Which structures are listed in order from most complex to least complex?
Plant cell, leaf, chloroplast, rose bush
Rose bush, leaf, plant cell, chloroplast
Chloroplast, plant cell, leaf, rose bush
Rose bush, plant cell, leaf, chloroplast
The diagram below represents a plant cell in tap water as seen with a compound light microscope. What will happen to the cell if it is placed in a 15% salt solution for two minutes?
The cell will burst
The plasma membrane will separate from the cell wall
The cell will not change
The cell will expand
A student studying the biosphere makes a list of biotic and abiotic characteristics of various biomes. Which characteristic is considered an abiotic factor?
Evergreen trees present in a coniferous forest
Alligators in a chaparral biome
Arctic foxes in the tundra
dry, sandy, nutrient-poor soil in a desert
In prokaryotic organisms, DNA transcription occurs in what part of a cell?
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Which graph best shows how enzyme activity changes as the temperature is adjusted above and below the enzyme’s optimum temperature?
Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a relatively stable internal environment. How would an organism's homeostasis be affected if it was not able to produce enzymes?
Without enzymes, biochemical reactions would cease completely
Without enzymes, chemical reactions would not occur quickly enough to sustain life
Without enzymes, ribosomes would break down proteins, rather than build them
Without enzymes, the temperature inside cells would increase rapidly
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that is typically caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 in a person's genome. In a small number of cases, however, Down syndrome occurs because a section of chromosome 21 becomes fused onto another chromosome. The type of Down syndrome that occurs because a section of chromosome 21 attaches to another chromosome is an example of a genetic disorder caused by which of the following?
Chromosome deletion
A recessive allele
A frameshift mutation
Chromosome translocation
Most of the water on Earth is located in the ocean and has a salinity of about 3.5 percent. Which statement best explains why rain is freshwater and has a very low salinity?
When water precipitates from the ocean, most of the salt remains in the ocean
When water evaporates from the ocean, most of the salt remains in the ocean
When water precipitates from clouds, most of the salt remains in the clouds
When water evaporates from clouds, most of the salt remains in the clouds
Which of the following best completes the statement?
"The instructions for the traits of an organism are coded in the arrangement of ______________."
Bases in DNA in the nucleus
Fat molecules in the cell membrane
Energy-rich bonds in starch molecules
Glucose units in the carbohydrate molecules
When a person does strenuous exercise, small blood vessels (capillaries) near the surface of the skin increase in diameter. This change allows the body to be cooled. Which of the following best illustrates these statements?
Excretion
Synthesis
Locomotion
Homeostasis
What is the primary use of adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, in living organisms?
A source of energy
A reproductive enzyme
A muscle relaxing hormone
A blood coagulant
Which sequence lists the cell images in chronological order for mitosis
1,2,3,4
1,4,3,2
4,2,3,1
4,3,2,1
Which statement best describes the relationship between cells, DNA, and proteins?
Proteins are used to produce cells that link amino acids together into DNA
Cells contain DNA that controls the production of proteins
Cells are linked together by proteins to make different kinds of DNA molecules
DNA is composed of proteins that carry coded information for how cells function
Proteins are organic macromolecules that serve a variety of purposes. What is the most role of proteins?
To pass instructions from parents to offspring
To oxygenate blood
To speed up chemical reactions
To store energy
A trait in cows is determined by two alleles of a single gene: allele R is dominant, and allele r is recessive. What is the probability of the dominant trait being expressed in the offspring of a cross between one Rr parent and one rr parent?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which cell structures are correctly paired with their functions?
The cell membrane makes enzymes and cytoplasm transports them
The vacuole stores water and the cytoskeleton maintains cell shape
The vacuole stores genetic information and chloroplasts make proteins
The mitochondria produce enzymes and ribosomes transport them
Materials are able to move across a cell membrane through one of two methods: active transport or passive transport. Which of the following is true?
Both methods of transportation require energy
Active transport requires the cell to form vesicles, while passive transport requires the use of membrane pumps
Active transport is the only form of transport that requires the use of protein carriers
Passive transport is used to allow water to pass through the membrane
Why are males more likely to suffer from recessive X-linked conditions?
Females have no copies of the X chromosome
Males have 2 copies of the X chromosome
Males have only one copy of the X chromosome
X-linked conditions are associated with higher levels of testosterone
The table shows the dietary preferences of finches. Based on its preferred food, species D would be classified as which of the following?
Carnivore
Omnivore
Producer
Herbivore
A hawk has a genetic trait that gives it much better eyesight than other hawks of the same species in the same area. How could this lead to evolutionary change within this hawk species?
The hawks with the better eyesight will eventually die off because there are not enough of them in the species to reproduce enough
The hawks with the better eyesight will have a lower fitness, and will not survive long enough to successfully reproduce
The hawks with the worse eyesight will be naturally selected for and the hawks with the better eyesight will die off
The hawks with the better eyesight will have more success surviving and reproducing, eventually this species will have better eyesight
The functions of a particular cell structure are described below:
1. it processes proteins
2. it prepares proteins for use inside and outside of the cell
3. it packages, labels and sends proteins to their destinations
Which cell structure do these statements describe?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoskeleton
Golgi apparatus
Plasma membrane
Which of the following describes when energy is released from an ATP molecule?
A phosphate group is added
Adenine bonds to ribose
The molecule is exposed to sunlight
A phosphate group is removed
Which part of the apple flower produces cells by meiosis?
Anther
Filament
Stigma
Style
Overuse of antibiotics has caused antibiotic resistance in some bacteria in a population. Which statement describes the most likely impact of natural selection on the bacterial population?
Beneficial mutations have decreased, resulting in a larger population than normal
The bacteria have become genetically isolated, resulting in decreased reproductive rates
More antibiotic-resistant bacteria have survived, resulting in more offspring with this trait
Only the genes for antibiotic resistance are now expressed, eliminating other genes
Two parents with the blood type IAIO and IBIO have one child, and the cross is shown in the Punnett square. What is the chance the the child will have blood type A?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which of the following best completes this sentence?
Diffusion is the spontaneous movement of a substance from an area of _______ concentration to an area of _______ concentration.
higher; similar
lower; higher
higher; lower
low; similar
Siamese cats are characterized by light and dark regions of fur. The darker parts occur on the cooler parts of the cat's body because the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the dark pigment is more active when cool. This example shows that enzymes are affected by which of the following?
Concentration
Temperature
pH
All of the above
According to the theory of natural selection, why are some individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce?
Some individuals do not pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes
Some individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the same environment
Some individuals are better adapted to exist in their environment than other are
Some individuals pass on to their offspring new characteristics that they have acquired during their lifetimes
Speciation occurs during the evolution development, or phylogeny, of a species. In which of the following situations can speciation occur?
When two populations have different breeding schedules
When a population becomes extinct
When two populations merge to become one population
When a population interbreeds
Which term describes the light-absorbing molecule that plants use to absorb energy?
Grana
Stomata
Chlorophyll
Thylakoids
Which statement best describes the relationship between an allele and a gene?
An allele is a variation of a gene that can be expressed as a phenotype
An allele is the primary protein made by a gene found in a developing embryo
An allele is part of a gene that attaches to messenger RNA molecules
An allele is a segment of a DNA molecule that controls replication of a gene
Which of the following statements is true regarding cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
1. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis both involve water.
2.Cellular respiration uses sugar and photosynthesis produces sugar.
3. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis both use light to produce energy.
4. Cellular respiration requires light energy and photosynthesis requires chemical energy.
Statements 3 and 4
Statements 1 and 4
Statements 1 and 2
Statements 2 and 3
Food chains and energy pyramids are used to convey the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
Which of the following best describes the frog population if the crickets die off?
The frog population would increase
The snake population would increase
The frog population would decrease
The plant population would decrease
Which words best complete the lettered blanks in the two sentences below?
"Organic compounds, such as proteins and starches, are too __A__ to diffuse into cells. Proteins are digested into __B__ and starches are digested into __C__."
A-large, B-amino acids, C-simple sugars
A-small, B-simple sugars, C-amino acids
A-large, B-simple sugars, C-amino acids
A-small, B-amino acids, C- simple sugars
Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Use of organelles to control cell processes
Contain membrane-bound organelles
Use cellular respiration for energy release
Ability to store hereditary information
An enzyme and four different molecules are shown in the diagram below. The enzyme would most likely affect reactions involving which molecule?
Molecule A and C
Molecules C and D
Molecule C, only
Molecule D, only
The table below shows the dietary preferences of finches. Which two species would most likely be able to live in the same habitat without competing with each other for food?
A and C
B and D
B and C
C and E
Certain insects resemble the bark of the trees on which they live. Which statement provides the best possible biological explanation for this resemblance?
The lack of mutations resulted in the protective coloration
The trees caused mutations in the insects that resulted in protective coloration
The insects needed camouflage, so they acquired protective coloration
Natural selection played a role in the development of this protective coloration
Which of the following is an example of active transport?
Water diffusing throughout the cytoplasm of a cell
Sodium-potassium pump moving sodium and potassium ions against their concentration gradient
Cilia moving rapidly to propel a single-celled organism through water
Chromosomes migrating during cell division
