A system of government in which powerful lords gave land to nobles in return for their pledges of loyalty

In Europe, a 300-year period of renewed interest in classical learning and the arts

A religious movement that began in Germany in the 1400s leading to the establishment of the Protestant churches

Artistic style that tried to show the natural appearance of objects with dabs or strokes of color

A mass of ice, snow, or rock that slides down a mountainside

The mass killings of 6 million European Jews by Germany's Nazi leaders during WWII

A nation in which government assumes major responsibility for the peoples' welfare in areas such as health and education

Artistic style emphasizing emotions

A strong, northerly wind from the Alps that can bring cold air to southern France

Raising several different types of livestock and crops on the same farm

This refers to the power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States

A permanently frozen layer of soil beneath the surface of the ground

The use of natural substances to enrich the soil and grow crops