Who determines the structure and function of tribal government?

PAN-Indianism

Tribal Gaming has benefited tribes in New Mexico by

“We do not want our land cut up in little pieces . . . A groan of assent ran along the dark line of Sphinxes.” Can you infer who spoke these words concerning the DAWES ACT?

“A Congressman sponsored a landmark piece of legislation, which was also called the General Allotment Act of 1887. This law was designed to encourage the breakup of the tribes and promote the assimilation of Indians into American Society. It was the major Indian policy until the 1930s.”

I was written in order to break up tribes and halt the nomadic lifestyles of Native American Indians. My creators wanted to integrate Native Indians into the lifestyle and culture of western Americans. One of my main purposes was to encourage Native Indians to adopt a settle farming-based existence. This author is referring to the . . .

I was almost a past piece of legislation and would have given Indian reservation lands to non-Indians. Within, I referred to these people as squatters who came onto Pueblo Indian lands without permission and who began building their houses/homes without ownership of this land. What conclusion can you draw from reading this excerpt? This is in reference to the . .

In the late 1800s, the United States supported an educational experiment that the government hoped would change the traditions and customs of American Indians. Special boarding schools were created in locations all over the United States with the purpose of "civilizing" American Indian youth . Thousands of Native American children were sent far from their homes to live in these schools and learn the ways of white culture. Many struggled with loneliness and fear away from their tribal homes and familiar customs. Some lost their lives to the influenza, tuberculosis, and measles outbreaks that spread quickly through the schools. Which picture best reflects how the United States Government felt about Native Americans during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Which picture best reflects a policy of cultural assimilation of Native Americans by the United States government during the late 1800s and early 1900s.

“What was the purpose of American Indian Boarding Schools, such as the Carlisle Indian Industrial School (1879-1918)?

(The Indian Boarding School Era and Its continuing Impact on Tribal Families and the Provision of Government Services by Ann Murray Haag) Individuals who attended boarding schools are not the only ones affected. The problems that developed at the boarding schools were passed on through families and felt by tribal communities. One of the most direct ways that subsequent generations were impacted as the result of the boarding school era was the inability of American Indians, who were raised in boarding schools and subjected to systematic neglect and corporal punishment, to transition naturally into parenthood. For example, parents who had no nurturing role models were "unable to give their own children the nurturing they needed. Compounding the inability to transition from boarding school child to nurturing parent was the fact that many American Indians who attended boarding school suffered from mental health and chemical dependency problems, which further isolated them from their children. Furthermore, these parents were not raised within the cultural traditions and heritage of their ancestors and thus did not have the traditional guidance to help them along the way, nor could they pass on such knowledge to their own children. Much as their parents had lost their identities, later generations, after years of marginalization and learned shame, came to reject their identity as American Indians.Another area that continues to be affected by the boarding school era is the effect of the government's efforts to eradicate American Indian languages. Eradication of language was an essential part of the "efforts to 'civilize' and assimilate Native Americans. As a result, American Indian languages became very obscure. One survey of American Indian languages conducted in 1997 found that only 175 tribal languages remain of the over 300 that were known at the time of the European settlers, and of those, fifty-five are spoken by fewer than six people. According to a study done by the Minnesota Supreme Court Task Force on Racial Bias in the Judicial System, American Indians are over represented in a number of measures. For example, American Indian youth are over represented in the juvenile justice system compared to their relative population. The task force found that approximately 9% of the juveniles in the system were Native American, while their overall percentage in the general population is only 1.6%. Additionally, the statewide high school dropout rates for Native American students is 8.69%, more than 2% higher than the next highest minority dropout rate. Like the juvenile justice statistics, dropout rates are disproportionate to the underlying population percentage. According to this author the continued impact of the Indian boarding schools’ era on tribes in New Mexico today included all the following except:

Native Americans faced significant challenges at the beginning of the 20th century. White men still wanted their land and were willing to go to court to take it. In 1921, Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall, asked New Mexico senator Holm O. Bursum, to draft a bill to settle a land dispute between Pueblos and whites who had been squatting on their land.The Bursum Bill that the senator devised, allowed non-Indians to retain any land they had squatted on before 1902. It further gave the state court the right to settle any future land disputes. Since state courts were in the hands of whites who were generally adversarial to Indian rights, unscrupulous non-Indians would have promptly brought valuable land into dispute.A group of artists and writers heard about the bill and alerted the Pueblos to it–they hadn’t even been notified that Congress was working on a land bill. Amid a lot of public attention drummed up by their supporters, Pueblos leaders testified before Congress on their own behalf. The bill was defeated. Which comment(s) are supported by the evidence in the text above?

According to the map, which Native American tribe has the largest reservation in New Mexico?

The legacy of the Manhattan project within New Mexico continues today at ________________________.

New Mexico also made other impressive contributions to the war effort, including Navajo Code Talkers, an elite group of Marine recruits whose native language was used to create a code that was unbreakable by the Japanese. The military did not declassify documents acknowledging the Code Talkers’ role in the war until 1968. The last surviving member of the original 29 code talkers, Chester Nez, lives in Albuquerque. According to this author, the Navajo Code was kept secret because it was _________________.

For what reasons was the Navajo language an ideal basis for a military code?

New Mexico played a key role in the Manhattan Project, the top-secret effort to build the world’s first atomic bomb. The army set-up a research laboratory in Los Alamos to develop the bomb, which, after successful testing at the ___________ site at White Sands Proving Ground on July 16, 1945 was unleashed on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki hastening the end of the war.

What was the name of the original project to develop nuclear weapons – atomic bomb?

What color is red?

Why was 6 afraid of 7?

After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on 7 December 1941, Americans blamed the debacle on espionage committed by Japanese Americans instead of the lack of preparedness by American military forces. The federal government actually had proof that no espionage had occurred, but chose not to contradict the circulating rumors. Indeed before Pearl Harbor, Curtis B. Munson, a special representative to President Roosevelt, had studied whether the Japanese Americans of the west coast posed a threat to the country, but had concluded that they did not. Nevertheless, officials in the administration chose to ignore the evidence and succumbed to war hysteria. The federal government operated on the assumption that Japanese-Americans would form a fifth column and aid in the expected Japanese invasion. Hence the government believed that people of Japanese ancestry needed to be removed from the west coast. According to this author, Japanese descendants were put into internment camps because . . .

NM's National Guardsmen were fighting to defend the Bataan Peninsula from the Japanese. They fought bravely before surrendering. They participated in the death march and only 900 of the 1800 survived.

The legacy of the Manhattan project within New Mexico continues today at ________________________. (There is more than one answer).

There were two Internment camps within the state of New Mexico and according to the Department of Justice, from March 1942 to April 1946, the Santa Fe Internment Camp held 4,555 men of Japanese ancestry. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941, the US Government arrested and imprisoned thousands of Japanese-American men branding them “dangerous enemy aliens.” Incarcerated without trial, they were forced to leave behind their families along with everything they knew and loved. New Mexico was selected as an ideal location for these two Internment camps because . . .

What was the name of the original project to develop nuclear weapons – atomic bomb?

New Mexico played a key role in the Manhattan Project, the top-secret effort to build the world’s first atomic bomb. The army set-up a research laboratory in Los Alamos to develop the bomb, which, after successful testing at the ___________ site at White Sands Proving Ground on July 16, 1945 was unleashed on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki hastening the end of the war.

How has art (Georgia O’Keeffe’s paintings)- impacted the State of New Mexico?