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WorksheetsEcology Unit 1
Total questions: 101
Worksheet time: 54mins
Why is the ability to move important to animals?
It helps them find food.
It helps them stay warm.
It helps them obtain oxygen.
It helps them differentiate cells.
How do organisms get the energy they need?
Plants get energy from fertilizers. Animals get energy from water.
Plants get energy from the soil. Animals get energy directly from the sunlight.
Plants do not need energy because they do not move. Animals get energy from food.
Plants use energy from sunlight to make sugar molecules. Animals get energy from eating other organisms.
Dylan drew a diagram showing that certain organisms eat other organisms. The diagram included a caption stating that the amount of available energy decreases with each organism that is eaten. How is this explained by the law of conservation of energy?
Living things change energy into matter.
Some of the energy is used for life processes.
Some energy disappears when living things are eaten.
Only small amounts of energy can be destroyed.
Carbon exists in many forms on Earth. The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle. What does this diagram show?
It shows how matter can pass through an ecosystem.
It shows each step in the correct order that carbon must pass through.
It shows how more carbon is constantly being formed and passed along.
It shows how carbon is running out because it is all being used up by animals.
Worms break down dead plants in the soil to release nutrients. Which property of nutrients shows that they are matter?
Nutrients are warm.
Nutrients have mass.
Nutrients can do work.
Nutrients contain energy.
Some consumers, such as many flying insects, need large amounts of energy to grow and move from one place to another. How do consumers get energy to function?
Consumers obtain all of their energy by eating other organisms.
Consumers obtain some energy from other organisms and some from sunlight.
Consumers obtain most of their energy by absorbing it from their environments.
Consumers convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in food.
Which of the following are producers?
plants
algae
some bacteria
anteaters
What happens to the food after the snail eats it? Choose all that apply.
The snail breaks apart the food molecules to get energy.
The snail uses the matter in the food to grow.
The snail uses the matter in the food to produce its own food.
The snail uses energy from the sun to make food.
Why do you think the starch molecule shown is a good source of energy for an organism?
The many bonds in the starch molecule store energy.
The starch molecule is made of atoms.
Starch is the only type of molecule that provides energy.
A starch molecule is made of more than one kind of atom.
Which of these terms best describes animals?
producer
consumer
unicellular
decomposer
What does a cell use to break down glucose during cellular respiration?
ATP
water
oxygen
nitrogen
When sunlight strikes a plant, the leaves capture most of that energy to use for photosynthesis. The picture shows the process of photosynthesis in action. Which of these materials helps plants use energy from sunlight?
soil
roots
glucose
chlorophyll
Plants make their own food during photosynthesis. In what group do plants belong?
producers
consumers
chloroplasts
decomposers
Which of these is an example of a producer?
oak tree
songbird
polar bear
mushroom
A scientist is studying a substance that is cycled through ecosystems. Which of these substances might the scientist be studying?
soil
copper
glucose
nitrogen
What form of energy is stored in food?
heat
light energy
energy of motion
energy in molecules
In a diagram of a food chain, where does a producer, such as a tree, get the energy it needs to survive?
from the air
from the sun
from the organism it eats
from the remains of organisms
Which of these consumers is a herbivore?
cat
horse
human
vulture
Which of these is a characteristic of fungi?
absorbs nutrients from the environment
obtains nutrients by eating other animals
makes nutrients using energy from the sun
What is energy?
the ability to do work
anything that has mass
anything that takes up space
the ability to conduct current
The image shows a plant cell containing chloroplasts. What is the main function of chloroplasts in a plant cell?
They produce proteins and carbon dioxide.
They store water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
They transform light, water, and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.
They protect cells from chemicals found in the surrounding environment.
Lamont has a dark container. He knows that the container has a mass of 2.0 g when it is empty. He cannot see inside the container. However, he is able to use a balance to determine that the container has a mass of 2.7 g. What can Lamont conclude about the container?
It contains matter.
It contains a solid.
It contains energy.
It contains a liquid.
Which of these best states how living organisms fit into the water cycle?
Living organisms are a primary source of precipitation.
The bodies of living organisms consist mostly of water.
Living organisms are a primary source of condensation.
The bodies of living organisms produce all the water on Earth.
As a tree grows, where does the majority of the matter come from that makes up the body of the tree?
from air and water
from water and soil
from soil and sunlight
from sunlight and water
The figure shows a food chain that might exist in a meadow. Which of these best describes what the food chain represents?
how an organism might change over time
the movement of organisms throughout the ecosystem
the increase in size among organisms in the ecosystem
the path of energy transfer from producers to consumers
What makes a plant a special kind of organism?
They only eat other plants.
They can produce their own food.
They survive on sunlight alone.
They can live in any ecosystem.
What type of organism is primarily responsible for cycling matter back into the soil?
consumer
predator
decomposer
producer
Which of the following is NOT part of a healthy ecosystem?
many different species
enough food supply
invasive species
decomposers
Which of the following is a nonliving part of an ecosystem?
oak tree
rabbit
soil
bacteria
A decomposer is an important part of an ecosystem because it _____.
produces food for other organisms
breaks down decaying organisms
is nonliving
relies on living animals for its food
Sometimes a new species of plant or animal comes into an ecosystem and threatens the other living things. This is called ______.
a consumer species
a producer species
an invasive species
a food web species
Radiant energy from the Sun is very important to life on Earth. It is unique because, unlike sound waves, it can travel through________.
solids
liquids
gases
empty space
A plant’s leaves are green because the color green is _________________back to our eyes.
absorbed
reflected
transmitted
all of the above
Which is not a reactant needed for producing food in a green plant?
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
oxygen
water
What part of the leaf is responsible for absorbing the sun’s energy?
cell wall
veins
chlorophyll
nucleus
What structure of the leaf transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves?
cell wall
chloroplast
phloem
xylem
The stoma on the underside of the leaf allows ___________ to move in and out of the leaf.
gases
water
nutrients
soil
Which of the following is not a product of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide
glucose
oxygen
Glucose is a type of ___________.
dairy product
protein
salt
sugar
The arrow in a chemical equation means ___________.
sum
yields
difference
together
The Law of Conservation of Mass means that in an isolated system matter cannot be____.
created
disturbed
divided
balanced
What does the word photosynthesis mean?
light + energy
energy + mass
light + put together
energy + sugar
Which of these are the reactants in the photosynthesis equation?
CO2 and water
O2 and sugar
energy and CO2
sunlight and sugar
What are the products in the photosynthesis equation?
O2 and energy
CO2 and O2
glucose and O2
O2 and sunlight
Animals that eat only meat, such as dolphins, do not get much sugar (carbohydrate) from their diets. Choose the statement below that best explains how a dolphin gets the energy it needs from its food.
The dolphin does not use cellular respiration to get energy from food.
The dolphin is not very active so it does not need a lot of energy to function.
The dolphin's body is able to break down other carbon-based molecules, such as proteins and fats, to use as an energy source for cellular respiration.
The dolphin gets the energy it needs directly from sunlight.
What starting materials do plants use to make food?
soil and water
water and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
carbonic acid and nitrogen
What is the source of energy for plant and animal cells?
soil
oxygen
consumers
carbon-based molecules
What are the products of photosynthesis?
glucose and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
chlorophyll, protein, and dna
plant stems, leaves, and root systems
Animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. Where does the carbon dioxide come from?
It is produced during photosynthesis.
It is a product of cellular respiration.
It is needed to create energy for cells.
It is created when plants are consumed.
What happens to glucose inside a cell during cellular respiration?
The cell uses water to break down glucose.
The cell uses oxygen to break down glucose.
The cell uses nitrogen to break down glucose.
The cell uses carbonic acid to break down glucose.
There is a connection between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The products from one provide the raw materials for the other. What products of photosynthesis are starting materials for cellular respiration?
energy and carbon
glucose and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
chlorophyll and chloroplasts
Why are animals important to the process of photosynthesis?
Animals eat plants, which makes space for more plants to grow.
Animals digest food, which provides the starting materials for photosynthesis.
Animals release carbon dioxide, which provides the starting materials for photosynthesis.
Animals produce energy in the form of heat, which is necessary for photosynthesis to occur.
Which of the statements below are true? Select all that apply.
The tree uses photosynthesis to get energy from food molecules; the elephant uses cellular respiration to get energy from food molecules.
The tree and the elephant both use cellular respiration to get energy from food molecules.
Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy for both the tree and the elephant.
The tree and the elephant both use photosynthesis to make food molecules.
Which statements are true about the two chemical reactions?
Equation A summarizes photosynthesis, and Equation B summarizes cellular respiration.
Equation A summarizes cellular respiration and Equation B summarizes photosynthesis.
Both chemical reactions produce oxygen and energy.
The products of Equation A are the starting materials for Equation B.
The starting substances in a chemical reaction are called _______. The substances formed are called ________.
reactants, products
products, reactants
Ecosystems do not have clear boundaries- matter and energy can move from one ecosystem to another. The energy available in ecosystems is _____.
constant
constantly changing
As grass-seeking wildebeest migrate from the Serengeti of Tanzania to Kenya each year, the energy available in the Serengeti ecosystem ________.
increases
decreases
Excess nutrients and chemicals are filtered out of water as it flows through rocks and soil. When natural surfaces are replaced by pavement, the amount of chemical pollutants that reach lakes and oceans is likely to _______.
increase
decrease
The figure shows a food chain that might exist in a meadow. If there was a decrease in the beetle population, how might the food chain be affected?
The owl population would decrease.
The population of green plants would decrease.
The toad and snake populations would increase.
The green plants and toad populations would decrease.
Trees use the carbon dioxide they get from the environment to make ______ that stores energy.
sugar
fuel
oxygen
water
Like trees, engineers could find a way to use captured carbon dioxide to make _______ that stores energy.
fuel
sugar
water
oxygen
Ants eat a variety of foods, including plants and other insects. A reptile called a thorny devil eats ants. If a food chain that includes the thorny devil and ants is represented by an energy pyramid, the ants would occupy the ______ pyramid level.
bottom
middle
top
Which statement about thorny devils and ants is true?
The thorny devil stores almost all of the energy it receives from eating ants.
Thorny devils get all the matter from eating ants.
There is likely an equal number of ants and thorny devils in the desert ecosystem.
Carbon and other nonliving materials flow from ants to the thorny devils as ants are eaten.
A slug, frog, heron (a large bird), bird, and grass plant are all part of the same food chain. Through which process does energy get into the food chain?
from the sun through the process of photosynthesis
from the carbon cycles
from the nitrogen cycles
from the water cycle
Which statements describe how the river moves matter between land and water ecosystems? Select all that apply.
The river provides water to many land animals.
The river draws soil nutrients into water for use by aquatic plants.
The pull of gravity allows water to move from where it falls as rain, returning it to the ocean.
Rivers carry rocks downstream.
What processes drive the flow of carbon between living and nonliving components of ecosystems? Select all that apply.
photosynthesis
evaporation
decomposition
cellular respiration
In the ecosystem shown, which are the consumers? Select all that apply.
krill
penguin
phytoplankton
seal
A slug, frog, heron (a large bird) , bird, and grass plant are all part of the same food chain. Which organisms are consumers in this food chain?
slug
frog
heron
bird
If a forest food chain was shown, which type of organism would replace phytoplankton?
fox
fungi
grass
mouse
What conclusions can be made about the rate of photosynthesis shown in the graph? Select all that apply.
The rate of photosynthesis changes over a day.
The rate of photosynthesis decreases at night.
The rate of photosynthesis decreases at midday.
The rate of photosynthesis is lowest only at 10 p.m.
The rate of photosynthesis is constant.
Based on the graph, when is the rate of photosynthesis expected to be the lowest? Select all that apply.
6am
10am
2pm
6pm
10pm
Which statement describes the flow of matter and energy in decomposers?
A decomposer digests living organisms to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide.
A decomposer uses carbon dioxide, water, and energy from the sun to produce oxygen and sugars.
A decomposer consumes dead or dying organisms to produce oxygen and sugars.
A decomposer breaks down decaying matter to produce energy and release nutrients back into the environment.
The diagram shows a chloroplast from a photosynthetic organism. Which of these are the materials needed in order for this organelle to perform the process of photosynthesis?
sunlight + water + oxygen
sugar + sunlight + oxygen
light energy + water + carbon dioxide
chemical energy + sugar + water
Photosynthetic algae live within the tissues of the organisms that build coral reefs. The coral organisms provide the algae with carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. The algae supply the corals with oxygen, sugar, and amino acids. Which statement best summarizes the sources of energy in the relationship between algae and coral?
Algae get their energy from sunlight and pass the energy to corals in the form of carbon dioxide.
Algae capture chemical energy from the sun, and corals use the energy from the sun to form sugar molecules.
Algae use energy from the sun and store it in chemical bonds in sugar. Corals use energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules.
Algae use chemical energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules to produce solar energy. Corals use solar energy to power cellular processes.
The image shows one type of decomposer. Which statement describes the role of decomposers in a food web?
Decomposers are not necessary in a food web.
Decomposers break down matter so plants can use it.
Decomposers create energy by producing their own food.
Decomposers store matter and energy until it is needed in an ecosystem.
Producers and consumers are both pictured in a diagram of a food web. Which statement best describes how they differ from one another?
Consumers produce all the energy they need.
Consumers eat only animals, and producers eat only plants.
Producers eat living organisms, and consumers eat organisms that have died.
Consumers obtain energy by eating food, and producers obtain energy from sunlight.
What is the primary role of decomposers in a food web?
to control the population of producers and consumers
to compete with producers for energy and other resources
to provide a source of energy for the producers in the ecosystem
to recycle energy and materials from dead producers and consumers
Different grasses are observed in a microhabitat in a schoolyard. Why is grass an essential part of a healthy ecosystem?
It is a producer that is a necessary part of the diet of most consumers.
It is a consumer that feeds off other organisms living in the area.
It is a decomposer that converts matter into a form that other organisms can use.
It makes up the last level of a food web, helping recycle carbon in the habitat.
A student is identifying food chains in a diagram of a food web. Which of these organisms might be a consumer?
frog
water lily
redwood tree
athlete's foot fungus
A mangrove swamp contains many organisms living among the large roots of the mangrove trees. The food web shows some of the relationships in that ecosystem. According to the food web, which organism is a producer in the mangrove swamp?
mold
prawn
pelican
phytoplankton
During photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is stored as chemical energy. How will the plant be able to release the energy in order to use it?
by forming bonds of sugar
by breaking bonds of water to form new molecules
by breaking bonds of sugar to form new molecules
by breaking bonds of oxygen to form new molecules
The diagram shows how energy can move through an ecosystem. Which organism would complete the diagram?
tree
worm
eagle
mushroom
Decomposers cycle matter and energy between which of these?
water and soil
producers and consumers
dead organisms and scavengers
remains of living things and the environment
This energy pyramid shows how much energy is transferred from one level to the next in an ecosystem. The amount of energy at each level is given in joules (J). Predict the amount of energy available at the secondary consumer level based on the observed pattern.
0.1 J
10 J
100 J
10,000 J
This image shows two organisms in their environment. Which of the following describes the rabbit?
producer
consumer
This image shows two organisms in their environment. Which of the following describes the grass?
producer
consumer
This image shows two organisms in their environment. Which of the following describes the rabbit?
gets energy and matter from the nonliving environment
gets energy and matter from other living organisms
This image shows two organisms in their environment. Which of the following describes the grass?
gets energy and matter from the nonliving environment
gets energy and matter from other living organisms
This image shows two organisms in their environment. Which of the following describes the rabbit?
needs energy to live
breaks down sugar molecules to get energy
needs energy to live AND breaks down sugar molecules to get energy
does not need energy and does not break down sugar molecules to get energy
This image shows two organisms in their environment. Which of the following describes the grass?
needs energy to live
breaks down sugar molecules to get energy
needs energy to live AND breaks down sugar molecules to get energy
does not need energy and does not break down sugar molecules to get energy
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down sugars and oxygen to create carbon dioxide, water, and energy. A scientist observes an animal cell and concludes that cellular respiration has taken place. Which of these observations or evidence support the scientist’s conclusion?
Sugar increases.
Sugar is consumed.
Oxygen is consumed.
Water levels are constant.
Carbon dioxide is produced.
This image shows a portion of the carbon cycle. Arrows show the movement of carbon as it moves from one part of the cycle to another. Which process does the letter A represent?
decomposition
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
This image shows a portion of the carbon cycle. Arrows show the movement of carbon as it moves from one part of the cycle to another. Which process does the letter B represent?
decomposition
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
This image shows a portion of the carbon cycle. Arrows show the movement of carbon as it moves from one part of the cycle to another. Which process does the letter C represent?
decomposition
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
This image shows part of an ocean food web. Which is true about the scallop and the phytoplankton?
The phytoplankton is a consumer and the scallop is a producer.
The phytoplankton is a producer and the scallop is a consumer.
The phytoplankton and the scallop are both consumers.
The phytoplankton and the scallop are both producers.
This image shows part of an ocean food web. Which is true about the starfish and the seagull?
The starfish is a producer and the seagull is a consumer.
The starfish is a consumer and the seagull is a producer.
The starfish and the seagull are both consumers.
The starfish and the seagull are both producers.
This image shows part of an ocean food web. Which is true about the bacteria?
The bacteria are decomposers.
The bacteria are producers.
The bacteria are consumers.
Which of the following substances are inputs (reactants) in the process of photosynthesis?
water
sugar
oxygen
sunlight
carbon dioxide
Which of the following substances are outputs (products) in the process of photosynthesis?
water
sugar
oxygen
sunlight
carbon dioxide
A _______ is an example of a herbivore, while a _______ is an example of carnivore.
rabbit, lion
lion, rabbit
Different grasses are observed in a microhabitat in a schoolyard. Why is grass an essential part of a healthy ecosystem?
It is a producer that is a necessary part of the diet of most consumers.
It is a consumer that feeds off other organisms living in the area.
It is a decomposer that converts matter into a form that other organisms can use.
It makes up the last level of a food web, helping recycle carbon in the habitat.
