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WorksheetsSpring Semester 2021 - Biology Final Review
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 17mins
The diagram shows three examples of RNA point mutations. Which point mutation is correctly matched to the description?
X is a substitution.
Z is a deletion.
Y is an insertion.
Y is a translocation.
A mutation in which type of cells would only affect the organism and not future generations?
Egg cell and liver cell
Nerve cell and brain cell
Sperm cell and egg cell
Sperm cell and lung cell
In a population of bees, long wings are dominant over short wings. Bees with long wings are —
heterozygous only
homozygous dominant only
heterozygous or homozygous recessive
heterozygous or homozygous dominant
In pea plants, yellow seed color is dominant to green seed color. If a heterozygous pea plant is crossed with a plant that is homozygous recessive for seed color, what is the probability that the offspring will have green seeds?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Blood type is an example of a common multiple allele trait. There are 3 different alleles for blood type (A, B and O). A is dominant to O. B is also dominant to O. A and B are both co-dominant. If the father has the genotype IBi and the mother has the genotype IAIB, what are the expected phenotypes of their children?
1 A: 2 AB: 1 B
1 AB: 2 B: 1 A
1 A: 2 AB: 1 O
1 AB: 2 O: 1 B
If a man with blood type AB marries a woman heterozygous for Type A, what is the probability that their child will be type B?
0%
25%
50%
100%
The pedigree below tracks the presence of dimples through a family's generation. Having dimples is an autosomal dominant trait. If individuals II-1 and II-2 have a fourth child, what is the probability that the child will have dimples?
25%
75%
50%
100%
Meiosis plays a more significant role in reproduction than mitosis in which of the following ways?
Increasing the variability of genetic information
More rapidly reproducing and growing
More efficiently using energy in the cell division process
Increasing the process of asexual reproduction
The occurrence of the same amino acid sequence in digestive proteins in two morphologically unrelated species provides evidence that these two species —
occupy the same niche.
have analogous structures.
descended from a common ancestor.
have evolved convergently.
This cladogram shows the evolutionary relationships among some mammals based on homologous structures. Which statement is supported by this cladogram?
Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to javelinas.
Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than baleen whales and toothed whales.
Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer than to hippopotamuses.
Cows and mouse deer are more closely related than javelinas and pigs.
After examining the fossil record, scientists have determined that scorpions today are much smaller that their extinct ancestors. For example, Jaekelopterus rhenaniae, a giant scorpion species that lived 255 million to 460 million years ago, was 2.5 meters long. Which of the following conclusions is supported by this information?
Scorpions living today have increased their numbers since they first appeared.
Scorpions in the fossil record are smaller than their descendants are.
Scorpions have changed as a result of natural selection.
Scorpions do not appear in their original state in the fossil record.
In 2010, scientist excavated a skull fossil that provides evidence of a newly discovered species of big cat. Based on the evidence, scientists hypothesize that big cats branched off from similar wild cats about 6 million years ago. Which of these resources did the scientists most likely rely on to form their hypothesis?
A food web showing feeding relationships of organisms where the fossil skull was found
The fossil record and DNA comparisons of big cats and small cats
Population and migration data for small wild cats living in the ecosystem where the skull was found
The historical record of interactions between different species of big cats
Antibiotics have been used to treat bacterial infections since the 1940s. In recent years, many antibiotics have become less effective as resistance to these treatments rises. Which statement best describes how bacterial resistance to antibiotics demonstrates natural selection?
The bacteria are able to mutate when they are exposed to antibiotics, allowing the next generation of bacteria cells to have immunity from the antibiotics.
The human immune system has become desensitized to the chemicals in antibiotics, which causes the antibiotics to be less effective.
The antibiotics are becoming weaker because it is harder to find sources for the chemicals that are used in their production.
The bacteria cells that are able to survive the antibiotics reproduce while weaker bacteria die, causing the bacteria population to have more antibiotic resistant individuals over time.
The ability of an organism to compete successfully for environmental resources, survive predation, resist disease, and live to adulthood affects the organism’s —
reproductive success
genetic variability
genetic potential
genetic code
Which of the following is an example of a heritable characteristic possessed by an animal that will improve its reproductive potential and survivability in its environment?
Position of geese flying in V formation
Use of tools by chimpanzees learned through experience
Color and shape camouflage of a preying mantis
Male dominance in a pack of wolves
Monarch butterflies are a type of milkweed butterfly that belongs to the family Nymphalidae. Many butterflies, including monarchs, eat plants that have bitter or poisonous juices, which make them taste bad to their predators. The organisms advertise their bad taste with their bright colored wings, something known as “warning coloration”. Based on this information, how has adaptation allowed monarch butterflies to be successful?
They can fly fast enough to avoid predators and can spend more time sleeping.
They are not attacked by predators and can reproduce successfully.
They have an easier time attracting good mates and can make more offspring.
They can camouflage into their environment and can live longer.
A population of trees has various heights. Shorter trees have leaves and flowers that are within reach for herbivores to eat. The adaptation that allows the trees to grow taller would be an example of natural selection if it helps them ―
increase the number of mutations in their DNA
increase the chances of surviving to produce offspring
increase the lifespan of each individual tree
increase the odds of producing genes for short trees
Two species of sunflowers grow on either side of a mountain. For a while, the two sunflower populations evolve separately. With the climatic changes, an animal population crosses from one side of the mountain chain to the other, bringing some sunflower pollen with it. This movement is called —
gene flow
mutation
genetic drift
artificial selection
Two populations of mice living in the same forest are separated by a large-filled ditch. After a rainstorm, flooding brings several mice from one population to the other population. When the mice from the first population reproduce with members of the second population, which of the following will likely occur?
All the offspring will dies as a result of reproductive mutations.
The offspring will be genetically identical to their parent from the first population.
The offspring will be forces to leave the second population.
The offspring from the second population will have greater genetic diversity.
What are the advantages of having a universal naming system for organisms?
Latin is the language most frequently spoken, as well as the most widely accepted language in the scientific and medical fields.
In the case of pathogens, the scientific name of a virus can also be applied to the disease it causes.
The scientific name of an organism does not address its habitat, diet, and life expectancy.
The same organism name can be recognized in all countries, thus avoiding translation issues.
A student researched the taxonomical classifications of four different organisms. Which animals are more closely related?
Bush anole and crested penguin
Crested penguin and ferret
Ferret and muskrat
Bush anole and ferret
According to the currently recognized taxonomic system, the most general group that an organism can belong to is its —
genus
domain
species
kingdom
What factors do the kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia have in common?
They are all eukaryotes.
They are all photosynthetic organisms.
They are all multicellular organisms.
They are all prokaryotes.
Which two systems interact to produce and deliver energy to the cells of the body?
Digestive and circulatory systems
Circulatory and endocrine systems
Integumentary and digestive systems
Circulatory and nervous systems
Which of the following statements describes an interaction between the nervous and endocrine system?
A loud noise causes adrenaline release into the blood
Less urine production to prevent dehydration
Eyes squinting or dilating in response to light
Goosebumps produced in response to cold temperatures
A plant’s shoot system and root system interact through specialized tissues. The main function of the xylem is to ―
transport sugars down the plant from the leaves
allows gas exchange on the ventral side of the leaf
transport water and minerals up from the roots
form a protective layer on the outside of annual plants
The rocky material left behind by a retreating glacier forms what is called a moraine. When primary succession occurs on a moraine, which life-forms will help create the soil by breaking down bare rock?
Insects
Grasses
Lichens
Deciduous trees
Bacteria living in a cow's stomach help the cow break down the cellulose in grass, gaining nutrients in the process. What type of symbiosis is this an example of, and why?
It is parasitism since the bacteria can harm the cow.
It is commensalism since the bacteria benefits but the cow does not.
It is mutualism since both the cow and bacteria benefit
Bacteria in a cow's stomach is not a type of symbiosis.
Which statement below best describes the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels?
Energy is transferred between organisms and matter is released as heat.
Matter decreases by 10% as organisms consume one another.
Energy and matter are recycled by decomposers.
Energy flows from one direction and matter cycles.
Roads are often built through forests for industrial purposes or as land is developed for residential and commercial needs. How would road construction through a forest most likely affect the ecosystem?
The natural succession of vegetation would change.
The number of primary consumers would decrease.
Non-native species would replace the native species.
All producers would be eliminated from the community.
