Which association is incorrect?

Find the FALSE statement.

Why do mountain climbers take Diamox?

A 39 year old male presents to the clinic for a 2-week history of coughing with blood-tinged sputum. He also reports difficulty urinating. Labs were obtained and showed creatinine levels of 1.8 mg/dL. Urinalysis showed low volume, dark colored urine with red blood cell casts and protein levels of 1.9 g/day. CT scan shows diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. What additional findings are likely to be found?

Which of the following treatments is not indicated in various etiologies of rapid progressive glomerulonephritis?

Dr. King-Author’s-Court-Bend-the-Knee SugarRay-Sahara is reviewing some of her patient’s charts. Which of the following profiles should raise the greatest concern for progressing to an invasive stage (select ALL that apply).

1. A 59-year-old lactose intolerant (get it together!) man named Darrell Dang (don’t come for me I tried my best!) comes to the clinic and reports increasing lethargy, weakness, and bony pain over the past 2 years. During this time, he has been urinating 12-15 times per day and describes his urine as yellow and frothy with no traces of blood. History reveals a pathologic hip fracture 1 year ago. X-ray studies show several small, hypodense lesions in the hip and spine. Further tests show a serum protein concentration of 9 g/dL, and serum protein electrophoresis yields increased gamma globulins. The physician decides to order a kidney biopsy. Which of the following glomerular findings is most likely?

1. A 52-year-old man presents to Brian “In the Bones?!” Basden’s clinic for a routine follow-up appointment. The patient has advanced chronic kidney disease due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. He feels well but notes his bones have been “more achy than usual.” On physical examination, tapping over the cheek elicits a facial muscle spasm. Laboratory tests show an elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. Which of the following sets of laboratory values is most likely to be seen in this patient?

A cachectic medical student, who pretends to be married and a father, and was 6-months-old during the genocidal Sabra and Shatilla massacre, presents to your clinic hypoxic at 93 and tachycardic at 103. Temp = 37 degrees Celsius on acetaminophen (1400 mg that day), RR=18, CBC WNL, dry oral mucosa, with auscultation of the lungs concerning for lobar pneumonia. SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) = 1 (from heart rate) and MAP = 78. What concern do you have for sepsis?

You have dreams about microorganisms followed by

catheterized armadillos. First you see gram positive chains, then a rash that spreads from the hands and feet centripetally, then an antigen that crosslinks TCR-beta and MHC-II of an APC, a non-inflammatory process, vasculitis, colon cancer, then edema toxin+lethal toxin. You dreamed about what 7 things in this order?

Have you guys heard of that tiktok trend where it’s like, take all the vowels in your name and replace them with “oob”? No? Whatever. Anyway, Dr. Coobrtnooboob Soobgoobhoobroob has to calculate somebody’s net filtration pressure. There’s no funny story because that name took all of my creative energy. How is the net filtration pressure calculated, given the glomerular hydrostatic pressure, bowman’s capsule pressure, and the glomerular oncotic pressure?

Dr. Noobkhoobl Goobngoobsoobnoob has a patient with Addison’s disease. The patient does not understand garden hose hydrodynamics, so they ask Dr. Goobngoobsoobnoob if that means that, during an Addisonian crisis, the efferent arterioles of their glomeruli have lower or higher pressure than those of someone with similar physiology except without Addison’s disease. Dr. Goobngoobsoobnoob is a cardiologist, not a nephrologist, so please help him answer that question:

Dr. Joobrroob Foobng is sitting in CJ at midnight one night, playing chess instead of studying, when suddenly the Ghost of Step Exams Past appears in front of him. “I am the Ghost of Step Exams Past,” said the Ghost of Step Exams Past. “Your CBL friends always make fun of you for being lactose intolerant, right? I can offer you a deal: I will take away your lactose intolerance and give you diabetes instead.” “That doesn’t sound good, and anyway I don’t trust you because I’ve never heard of a ghost who offers deals like that,” said Dr. Foobng. “Well, I’ve never heard of a 24 year old man with an RA, and here you are,” snapped the Ghost of Step Exams Past. “But think about it, if you had diabetes, then some of your glucose would be excreted in your urine instead of being reabsorbed by your ascending loop of Henle! Wouldn’t that be nice?” What is wrong with what the Ghost of Step Exams Past said (scientifically, not morally)?

An adolescent Danny Fangtom comes to the physician’s office with 24 hours of leg swelling and dark urine. He had a sore throat and fever 2 days ago. Current blood pressure is 130/92 mm Hg. Physical examination shows edema in both ankles. Subsequent urinalysis shows hematuria, RBC casts, and proteinuria of 2.5 g/day. Serum complement level is normal.

Which of the following is most likely to be found on microscopic evaluation of a renal biopsy?

A 56-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of swollen legs for several days. Urinalysis shows 4+ proteinuria; serum albumin concentration is 2.9 mg/dL. Renal biopsy shows findings as shown in about 40-50% of the glomeruli.