The taming of animals.

A form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology.

Digging up the earth in order to search for something that remains.

Why is it sometimes difficult to study the history of early civilizations?

What advantages did Hominids have from walking upright?

Archaeologists and Paleontologists are often relied upon to study prehistory because?

Pastoral nomads focused on what?

A temple, which literally means “mountain of god”

A tall reed that grows in the Nile delta, used by ancient Egyptians to make a paper-like material for writing on

A belief in many gods.

A series of rulers from the same family.

The Sumerian system of writing was known as what?

What did Chinese dynasties generally call their country?

In Mesopotamia children sold in to slavery were called debt slaves.

Ancient Chinese writing required scholars to memorize over 10,000 characters.

Bronze is an alloy made from combining copper and iron.

In Hinduism and Buddhism, the totality of the good and bad deeds performed by a person, which is believed to determine his or her fate after birth.

A mutual promise or agreement-such as an agreement between God and the Jewish people as recorded in the Hebrew Bible.

In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding.

The system of dividing society into hereditary classes.

Why did it take so long for civilizations to use iron tools and weapons?

Founded by Mahavira, believe that everything has a soul, often vegetarian and non-violent, believe in giving up worldly possessions.

Believes in Karma and reincarnation, but has no gods and seeks to find Enlightenment by following the Eightfold path and recognizing the four noble truths.

Monotheistic religion where God was not a physical being and he supported his people because of the covenant he had with them rather than because of worship; noted for the Ten commandments.

Has many gods and believes in both karma and reincarnation, but also has a caste system and that all castes should achieve Moksha.

A philosophy based on the ideas of the Chinese thinker Laozi, who taught that people should be guided by a universal force called the way.

A government in which the ruler has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner

Chinese political philosophy based on the idea that a highly efficient and powerful government is the key to social order.

Whose invasion created massive problems for both the Hittites and the Egyptians?

New Kingdom Egyptians were buried where?

Egyptian Pharaoh known for the battle of Kadesh and building the temple at Karnak and statues at Abu Simbel.

Unified China, by using strict laws and harsh punishments, remembered for building the Great Wall.

Military genius who built an Empire from Anatolia to India and ruled tolerantly towards the people.

A traditional story about gods, ancestors, or heroes, told to explain the natural world or customs in society

An ancient kingdom north of Greece, whose ruler Phillip II conquered Greece in 338 BC

Relating to the civilization, language, art, science, and literature of the Greek world from the death of Alexander the Great until the late second century B.C.

A long narrative poem celebrating the deeds of legendary or traditional heroes.

What government was the city-state of Athens known for?

A Blind storyteller who wrote the Iliad about the Trojan War.

Great playwright known for his tragedies who wrote more than 100 plays, Famous for Oedipus the King in Antigone.

Macedonian King who conquered Egypt, Persia and parts of India by the age of 32.

Greek philosopher who believed that absolute standards did exist for truth and justice and that moral character was important, executed for corrupting youth.

A military unit of the ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback.

One of Jesus’s followers who preached and spread his teachings.

In ancient Rome, one of the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up most of the population.

In ancient Rome, a member of the wealthy, privileged upper class.

Emperor who ended Christian persecution and moved the Capital to the East.

First Emperor of Rome and adopted son of Caesar.

Roman dictator who defied the Senate, defeated Pompey and was assassinated on the ides of March.

Carthaginian general who crossed the Alps, invaded Rome and won countless battle against them.

The holy book of Islam.

A body of law governing the lives of Muslims.

Islamic name for God.

An Islamic place of worship

The first Caliph of Islam. Successor of Muhammad.

The Greatest Sultan of the Ottoman Empire who was the most powerful ruler in the world in his day.

The last of the "rightly guided" Caliphs that was murdered.

A strict code of behavior followed by samurai warriors in Japan.

One of the professional warriors who served Japanese feudal lords.

The native religion of Japan.

A policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs.

Venetian merchant who lived in Yuan China for 17 years.

Mongol ruler who founded the Yuan Dynasty.

United the Mongol Clans and built the largest unified Empire in history.

Most modern Chinese people consider themselves ethnically Han

Each new Japanese Clan that won power installed a new Emperor on the throne.

A medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord’s estate

A lord’s estate in feudal Europe.

A principal-bishop in the eastern branch of Christianity.

After the Collapse of the Roman Empire most people?

The Justinian Code consists of which of the following?

Empress and chief advisor who refused to flee during the Nika riots.

The Holy Roman Emperor who united much of Western Europe into the Frankish Empire around 800 AD.

Byzantine Emperor responsible for legal reforms, great buildings and a reconquest of Rome.

An assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France.

One of the Christian ceremonies in which God’s grace is transmitted to the people.

A medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members’ wages and prices.

One of the expeditions in which medieval Christian warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land from the Muslims.

Called Christians to take up the Cross and go on Crusade for the Holy land.

Norman ruler who conquered England by winning the Battle of Hastings in 1066.

Teenage Peasant girl who became a leader of French forces during the Hundred Years War.

Hero of the Third Crusade, known for his courage and military skills.