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WorksheetsRescue from Water 2
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 32mins
Eddies can provide an area of calm water behind an object but in fast flowing rivers with a high volume of water, the current in the Eddy can be fast flowing and turbulent
True
False
Drowning/Asphyxiation occurs when sudden submersion into cold water causes a sharp intake of breath, resulting in panic breathing and frequent submersion. Other contributing factors are:
Respiratory distress and lack of buoyancy causing a casualty to sink at the same time as swallowing large volumes of water
Cold water preventing even strong swimmers from coordinating their breathing with the muscular action required to swim
Laryngeal spasm leading to hypoxia, LOC and ultimately death
Holding your breath for too long
Water usually enters the lungs only at the point of death when the larynx becomes relaxed
True
False
In a rescued casualty. Secondary drowning may occur up to _____ hours after water has entered the body and death may occur.
72
24
36
48
Summer inland water temperatures are known to average between ___ and ___ degrees C.
10, 15
8, 12
12, 16
6, 10
How does water depth affect water temperature?
As the water gets deeper it will get much colder
As the water gets deeper it will stay they same temperature
As the water gets deeper the water temperature will increase
None of the above
Swimming pool temperatures are from __ to __ degrees C
24 to 28
28 to 30
30 to 34
26- 32
Select Symptoms of Hypothermia
Shivering
Slurred speech
Lack of coordination
Cold to the touch
The name of the test required to test for Weils disease - Leptospirosis is...
An Elisa Blood test
A Mary Blood test
An Alice Blood test
A Lisa Blood test
In relation to suspected Weils disease. Which hospital is the agreed Fast-Track assessment arrangements made with?
St James'
Tallaght University Hospital
St. Vincents
The Coombe
Leptospirosis or Weils disease enters the host through a skin abrasion or through the lining of the mouth, throat or eyes...
after contact with animal's urine or contaminated water
after swallowing large amounts of river water
after touching polluted water
after ingesting muddy water
Cyanobacteria is.....
Blue/Green algae frequently found in fresh water
Blue foamy product on the surface of the water
Blue algae found in stagnant water
Blue/Green frothy substance found at the banks of canals
Cyanobacteria or Blue Green Algae can produce toxins or allergens. Signs and symptoms include
Dermatitis, eye irritation
Eye irritation, Gastro-enteritis
Joint and muscle pain, pneumonia
All of these
Hepatitis A is
a virus present in faeces, therefore present in water contaminated by sewage
a virus present in water contaminated by the presence of rats
the result of a needle stick injury when working in water where needles have been discarded
All of the above
Fever, abdominal discomfort and jaundice are symptoms of what?
Hepatitis A
Weils Disease
The Pox
None of these
Ingestion of sewage polluted water can cause?
Gastrointestinal infection
Diarrhoea
Vomiting
Hepatitis C
Industrial/agricultural pollutants, needles and glass can also be referred to as
Man-Made pollution
Urban Pollution
Class B Pollution
A person getting pinned against an object such as a bridge pillar by the force of fast moving water or if a persons limb got stuck in an object below the water like rocks or a shopping trolley . This would be called
Entrapment
A nightmare
An entanglement
None of these
What Hazard do Manhole covers present in Flood scenarios?
They may be lifted from the roadway due to water pressure from full sewers producing underwater voids.
The can be thrown into the air violently and hit the rescuer or casualty
Turtles use them for access/egress to Splinters house
They can open slightly and cause a powerful vortex
What hazard could be considered when attempting to rescue a drowning casualty?
A casualty may attempt to climb on top of the rescuer overcoming their buoyancy and submerging them both
They may not want to be rescued and swim away
They may hold the rescuer too tight, causing discomfort
The casualty might have a weapon
At a water rescue it is important to consider overhead power lines when?
When using a throw line
When jumping off the quay wall
When using a 10.5m ladder for access
None of these
Embankments can be dangerous for rescuers trying to negotiate their way down and falling, what other hazard should be considered?
Equipment falling down the embankment and striking a rescuer or casualty
There might be nettles in the grass
No other Hazards exist
The minimum PDA for a water rescue is
3 pumping appliances, 1 ET, 1 Ambulance, DFB Boat, 1 D/O
2 pumping appliances, 1 ET, 1 Ambulance, DFB Boat, 1 D/O
1 pumping appliances, 1 ET, 1 Ambulance, DFB Boat, 1 D/O
2 pumping appliances, 1 ET, 1 Ambulance, 1 TTL, DFB Boat, 1 D/O
In DFB all personnel should be
Rescue 3 Europe certified
Rescue 1 International certified
Rescue 2 Europe certified
Rescue 3 open water swimmers
At rescues from water injuries may occur as a result of over reaching, pulling and lifting from unnatural positions causing what?
Muscoskeletal Injuries
Back Injuries
Sprains/Strains
Disembowlment
Water Awareness is:
A classroom based course, designed to provide personnel who may be working near water with sufficient knowledge to be aware of the hazards created by this environment and have an understanding of water rescue techniques and land based rescue techniques
A practical course, based on and in flood water type scenarios aimed at equipping personnel with the knowledge required to work effectively in this type of situation whilst being aware of the hazards that may be present
A combination of classroom and practical learning designed to provide personnel with the skills required to Assist SRT First Responders an SRT's to perform rescues
Being very awarethzt you're in the water
Swiftwater and Flood First Responder's (SFR) are trained to
Support SRT's at incidents. they have a basic knowledge of rescue principles and techniques. They should be able to self-rescue and perform conditional rescues as well as shallow water techniques.
Support SRT's at incidents. They wear a lifejacket and must not enter water above knee level. They are trained in basic rescue and wading techniques
Assist in technical rescues. They have the advanced skills required to assist the SRT in the water.
Swim but they're not good enough to be real SRT's
Preplanning and local knowledge will play an important role in determining access points and approach routes to water incidents. District Officers/Operational crews must carry out a survey of all such sites and determine the following:
(Select all relevant)
Access points for appliances and/or personnel
Specialist equipment provided on site
Hazards in or around the water ie. weirs, strainers etc.
Appropriate scale diagram showing key features
How many levels of response for Water related incidents? (phases)
4 phases
3 phases
5 phases
8 phases
Phase 1 of water related incident response involves what?
First attendance crews, should be nearest appliance, crews trained to water awareness, SFR, SRT level
Mobilising the PDA for water rescues
SRT's donning appropriate PPE and entering the water
Throw bags being thrown everywhere but at the casualty
Phase 2 of water related incident involves what?
Rescue tender, DFB boat and trained water rescue personnel deployed. All personnel trained to a certain level must not operate above their level
Crews enter the water using safe systems of work providing IC has carried out DRA
Support from outside agencies is requested ie. Coast Guard helicopter, RNLI, Garda Underwater Search Unit
All of These
Phase 3 of water related incidents involves what?
DFB Boat and trained water rescue personnel arriving on scene
Support from outside agencies if required. ie. Coast Guard helicopter, Garda Underwater Search Unit, RNLI
ALL trained water rescue personnel being briefed on the strategic plan for the water rescue after the IC has carried out a DRA
Decontamination after exiting the water
Phase 4 of water related incidents involves?
Closing the incident, decontamination, care of all equipment and welfare of personnel.
Removal of the casualty to the hospital
Utilising Outside agencies such as the Coast Guard, Garda, RNLI, Civil Defence
A few Cannonballs for the lads
The greatest difficulty the initial IC may face at a water incident is:
Stopping unsafe rescue attempts being made by Brigade personnel or the public. The rescuer may become the casualty
Not having sufficiently trained personnel to effect a rescue
Being hindered by irate onlookers
Not being able to locate the patient
The IC en route to a water incident has a primary task of risk assessing the location based on existing knowledge. among other, which of the following should the IC take into account?
Crew Safety
The need for rescues to be undertaken and the likely number of people requiring rescue
Stabilising and making the scene safe
Ensuring appropriate level of PPE is worn
The Legislation that provides for Fire Services to be involved in water rescues is:
Section 25 of the Fire Services Act 1981
Section 10 of the Fire Services Act 1981
There is no legislation for this aspect of the service provided and Fire Brigades are not obliged to engage in these activities
Section 8 of the Health, Safety and Welfare at Work Act, 2005
Select the correct Statement
Witnesses should be interviewed to ascertain what has happened, how many people are involved, where the casualty was last seen etc, then a logical plan of action, taking into account all possible hazards must be devised and initiated.
Witnesses should be interviewed to ascertain what has happened while suitably trained personnel begin entering the water to start searching for the casualty. Upstream spotters and downstream backup should be in place. The IC will update crews when all information has be gathered
The Restricted are/Risk zone, when possible should extend to _____ from the waters edge
3m
2m
5m
A reasonable distance
The minimum standard of PPE donned whilst in the Restricted Area/Risk Zone of a water incident is:
Full Firefighting Kit and life jacket/buoyancy aid
SRT suits and PFD
Firefighting over-trousers and life jacket/buoyancy aid
None of these
At water incidents, Fire Helmets should be removed (unless there is a risk of falling debris) whilst working in the Risk Area. Why is this?
It prevents a neck injury in the event of accidental immersion
The weight of the helmet can drag a person under the water
The firefighting helmet has no holes to allow water to pass through and can cause the wearer to sink
The wearer will not hear whistle blasts if wearing a helmet
In the hierarchy of water rescue options, it goes from the lowest risk to the rescuer to the greatest risk.
Talk, Reach...... select the next three
Throw
DFB Rescue Boat
Go
Helo (helicopter)
The Incident Commander should exhaust the three lower risk options of rescue first before using higher risk options.
TRUE
FALSE
In water rescues, the reach option is safe, what equipment could the rescuer use if the casualty can't be reached by hand? pick 3
Ceiling hook
Chimney Rods
Inflatable hose
General Purpose Line
What crew operates the DFB rescue boat used for a water rescue?
D101
D102
The crew of the appliance that operated the rescue boat should ideally include a coxswain and how many SRT's?
2
3
4
1
Trained personnel entering the water should have a safety line attached
TRUE
FALSE
Only when all other options have failed should a rescuer enter the water?
TRUE
FALSE
A clear distinction must be drawn as to when a rescue attempt becomes a body recovery. When a person has disappeared below the surface of the water little can be achieved without specialist equipment or personnel.
TRUE
FALSE
How many best practice guidelines for water safety are there?
12
10
8
15
Keep it simple and safe, should not be unnecessarily complicated, be pro-active, identify hazards and remove or reduce risk. Operate within your capabilities, always wear PPE within the risk zone, have a back up plan, never tie a rope around a rescuer. These are just a few examples of what?
The 15 absolutes
Best Practice guidelines for water safety
Water Awareness Guidelines
SRT Procedures
Priorities at a water rescue scene are,
Self-Rescue, rescue and safety of team mates and the casualty last
Rescuing the casualty, Self and team mates safety and Rescue last
Why should you never tension a line at a right angle to the current?
It will create a "V" in the line creating a hazard
The Rescuer will not be able to get over and back from the opposite bank
The line can slacken and create "U"
All of these
You should always avoid standing downstream or inside a loop of rope
TRUE
FALSE
The only method of attaching a rope to a rescuer that should be used is by the quick release harness or. This is known as
Cowstail
Camelback
Lions mane
Dolphin Fin
If you get swept away in the water you should so what with your feet?
Keep them up in front of you
Try to find footing below
Keep low and behind you
Kick to try stabilise yourself
The decision for personnel to enter the water will be a result of?
The IC's DRA
Failed attempts to get a throw bag to the casualty
Having enough resources in place to safely attempt a "true rescue"
Not being able to talk the casualty into a self rescue
Entering the water can be done by using the quay wall steps or ladders, by DFB Boat or by
Fibrelight ladder
10.5m ladder
Diving with hands in front of face
Dangling and dropping technique from the boardwalk
In flowing water, as a safety measure, what can be positioned downstream
Inflatable hose
An appropriate boat
Personnel with throwing lines
All of these
In any case the number of personnel with throwing lines downstream should be a minimum of 2 but the number of safety personnel should
Reflect the number of casualties and rescuers in the danger area
Exceed the number of casualties in the risk area
Match the numbers of rescue personnel in the water
Be enough to rescue anyone who drifts downstream
Some of the responsibilities of the Individual safety Officer include the following: (select appropriate)
Ensuring rescuers safety
Monitor the condition of the rescuer (fatigues, exposure to climatic extremes)
Initiate emergency action if necessary
Ensure they maintain a Z grip on the rope
