Pertaining to particles of rock derived from the mechanical breakdown of preexisting rocks by weathering and erosion

(a)  

Pertaining to petrography, The examination of rocks in thin section

(a)  

Pertaining to reef, a mound, ridge, or buildup of sediment or sedimentary rock, most commonly produced by organisms that secrete shells such as corals

(a)  

Pertaining to regression, the migration of shoreline into a basin during progradation due to a fall in relative sea level

(a)  

Pertaining to rheology, generally, the study of how matter deforms and flows, including its elasticity, plasticity and viscosity

(a)  

Pertaining to rocks that incorporate pores or void spaces, which can contain air, water, hydrocarbons or other fluids

(a)  

Pertaining to sediments or depositional environments on land or above the level of high tide

(a)  

Pertaining to sediments or environments in seas or ocean waters, between the depth of low tide and the ocean bottom

(a)  

Pertaining to sediments that have been compacted and cemented to the degree that they become coherent, relatively solid rock

(a)  

Pertaining to strata that are relatively ductile and tend to flow under stress rather than deform by brittle faulting or fracturing

(a)  

Pertaining to structure, the geometry and spatial arrangement of rocks

(a)  

Pertaining to structures in which the shapes of adjacent layers differ or do not conform to one another

(a)  

Pertaining to structures in which the shapes of adjacent layers resemble or conform to one another

(a)  

Pertaining to the angle between the vertical projection of a line of interest onto a horizontal surface and true north or magnetic north measured in a horizontal plane, typically measured clockwise from north.

(a)  

Pertaining to the depositional environment of the deepest area of the ocean basins, the abyss

(a)  

Pertaining to the environment and conditions of organisms living at the water bottom, or benthos

(a)  

Pertaining to the environment of deposition and the organisms of the ocean between depths of 200 m [656 ft], the edge of the continental shelf, and 2000 m [6560 ft]

(a)  

Pertaining to the environment of deposition by glaciers

(a)  

Pertaining to the environment of deposition of sediments by wind, such as the sand dunes in a desert.

(a)  

Pertaining to the macroscopic features of rocks, such as their occurrence, origin and history, structure (usually by examining outcrops in the field), and their texture and composition (by studying smaller samples more closely)

(a)  

Pertaining to the movement of tectonic plates toward each other, generating compressional forces and ultimately resulting in collision, and in some cases subduction, of tectonic plates

(a)  

Pertaining to the subaerial (as opposed to submarine) environment, action and products of a stream or river on its floodplain, usually consisting of detrital clastic sediments, and distinct from subaqueous deposition such as in lakes or oceans and lower energy fluvial deposition

(a)  

Pertaining to transgression, the migration of shoreline out of a basin and onto land during retrogradation

(a)  

Pertaining to vesicles, bubble-shaped cavities in volcanic rock formed by expansion of gas dissolved in the precursor magma

(a)  

Plate tectonic activity.

(a)  

Pore pressure less than normal or hydrostatic pressure

(a)  

Pore space consisting of cavities or vugs

(a)  

Possessing the quality of uniformity.

(a)  

Possessing the quality of variation in rock properties with location in a reservoir or formation

(a)  

Predictable variation of a property of a material with the direction in which it is measured, which can occur at all scales

(a)  

Preserved remnants of plants or animals, such as skeletons, shells, casts or molds, tracks or borings, and feces

(a)  

Referring to pore pressure less than normal or hydrostatic pressure

(a)  

Referring to vugs, which are cavities, voids or large pores in a rock that are commonly lined with mineral precipitates

(a)  

Region in which the Earth's crust is pulling apart and creating normal faults and down-dropped areas or subsidence.

(a)  

Related to the accumulation of stratigraphic sequences by deposition that stacks beds atop each other, building upwards during periods of balance between sediment supply and accommodation.

(a)  

Relative displacement of two formerly adjacent points that have been separated by faulting

(a)  

Relatively conformable depositional units bounded by surfaces of marine flooding, surfaces that separate older strata from younger and show an increase in water depth in successively younger strata.

(a)  

Rock overlying an area or point of interest in the subsurface

(a)  

Secrecy or confidentiality of information.

(a)  

Sediment consisting of broken fragments derived from preexisting rocks and transported elsewhere and redeposited before forming another rock

(a)  

Sedimentary deposits formed by turbidity currents in deep water at the base of the continental slope and on the abyssal plain.

(a)  

Sediments that have accumulated, usually after being moved by wind, water or ice.

(a)  

Sequence stratigraphic term for the amount of space available for sediment accumulation

(a)  

Silica-based, noncarbonaceous sediments that are broken from preexisting rocks, transported elsewhere, and redeposited before forming another rock.

(a)  

Solid rock either exposed at the surface or situated below surface soil, unconsolidated sediments and weathered rock.

(a)  

Structures formed by sediment injection

(a)  

Subdivisions of sequences that consist of discrete depositional units that differ in geometry from other systems tracts and have distinct boundaries on seismic data

(a)  

Subject to the pressure within the Earth, or formation pressure

(a)  

Subsurface pressure that is abnormally high, exceeding hydrostatic pressure at a given depth

(a)  

That portion of a dual-porosity reservoirs permeability that is associated with the secondary porosity created by open, natural fractures

(a)  

The abbreviation for million years that is most commonly used in the geologic literature.

(a)  

The ability to preferentially flow or transmit a particular fluid when other immiscible fluids are present in the reservoir (e.g., effective permeability of gas in a gas-water reservoir)

(a)  

The ability, or measurement of a rock's ability, to transmit fluids, typically measured in darcies or millidarcies

(a)  

The accumulation of sequences by deposition in which beds are deposited successively basinward because sediment supply exceeds accommodation.

(a)  

The accumulation of sequences by deposition in which beds are deposited successively landward because sediment supply is limited and cannot fill the available accommodation

(a)  

The accumulation of stratigraphic sequences by deposition that stacks beds atop each other, building upwards during periods of balance between sediment supply and accommodation.

(a)  

The act of acquiring acreage for exploration or production activity

(a)  

The act of drawing contours

(a)  

The action of moving sediments and laying them down

(a)  

The amount of deformation by shearing, in which parallel lines slide past each other in differing amounts

(a)  

The angle between a linear feature and a horizontal line in a vertical plane containing both lines

(a)  

The angle between the vertical projection of a line of interest onto a horizontal surface and true north or magnetic north measured in a horizontal plane, typically measured clockwise from north.

(a)  

The angle that a fault plane, or other stratigraphic and structural surfaces, makes with the vertical, as measured perpendicular to the strike of that plane or surface

(a)  

The angle that a plane makes with the horizontal measured in any randomly oriented section rather than perpendicular to strike.

(a)  

The application of plant and animal fossils to date and correlate strata in order to elucidate Earth history, combining the principles of paleontology and stratigraphy

(a)  

The approximate age determination of rocks, fossils or minerals made by comparing whether the material is younger or older than other surrounding materia

(a)  

The area in which and physical conditions under which sediments are deposited, including sediment source; depositional processes such as deposition by wind, water or ice; and location and climate, such as desert, swamp or river

(a)  

The area of thickest deposition in a basin.

(a)  

The area, or areal closure, included in the lowest closing contour of a trap

(a)  

The arrangement in space of uniform spheres (atoms and molecules in mineral crystals, or grains in clastic sedimentary rocks) that results in a cubic material structure

(a)  

The azimuth of the intersection of a plane, such as a dipping bed, with a horizontal surface

(a)  

The azimuth or orientation of a linear feature, such as the axis of a fold, normally expressed as a compass bearing.

(a)  

The binding material in sedimentary rocks that precipitates between grains from pore fluids

(a)  

The boundary between the crust and the mantle of the Earth, which varies from approximately 5 km [3 miles] under the midoceanic ridges to 75 km [46 miles] deep under the continents

(a)  

The brittle outer layer of the Earth that includes the crust and uppermost mantle

(a)  

The change in pore pressure per unit depth, typically in units of pounds per square inch per foot (psi/ft) or kilopascals per meter (kPa/m)

(a)  

The change in pore pressure per unit of depth, typically in units of psi/ft or kPa/m

(a)  

The change in pressure per unit of depth, typically in units of psi/ft or kPa/m

(a)  

The concentration of organic material in source rocks as represented by the weight percent of organic carbon

(a)  

The condition of an environment in which free oxygen is lacking or absent.

(a)  

The contract that conveys the rights to explore and produce from the owner of the mineral rights (lessor) to a tenant (lessee), usually for a fee and with a specified duration

(a)  

The crystalline form of calcium carbonate and chief constituent of limestone and chalk

(a)  

The deepest area of the ocean basins

(a)  

The deformation of rock layers in which the thickness of each layer, measured perpendicular to initial undeformed layering, is maintained after the rock layers have been folded

(a)  

The deformation that can be recovered when an applied stress has been removed

(a)  

The density- and heat-driven cycling, transfer or circulation of energy through which material initially warms up and becomes relatively less dense, then rises, cools and becomes relatively more dense, and finally sinks

(a)  

The density of a rock or mineral with no porosity, also known as matrix density, commonly in units of g/cm3

(a)  

The dimensionless ratio of the density of a material to that of the same volume of water.

(a)  

The elastic limit, or the point at which a material can no longer deform elastically

(a)  

The examination of rocks in thin section. Rock samples can be glued to a glass slide and the rock ground to 0.03-mm thickness in order to observe mineralogy and texture using a microscope.

(a)  

The expulsion of newly generated hydrocarbons from a source rock

(a)  

The finer grained, interstitial particles that lie between larger particles or in which larger particles are embedded in sedimentary rocks such as sandstones and conglomerates

(a)  

The force applied to a body that can result in deformation, or strain, usually described in terms of magnitude per unit of area, or intensity

(a)  

The force per unit area exerted by a column of liquid at a height above a depth (and pressure) of interest

(a)  

The formation of hydrocarbons from a source rock as bitumen forms from kerogen and accumulates as oil or gas

(a)  

The fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy.

(a)  

The gaseous phase present in a reservoir or other contained area

(a)  

The geochemical process in supratidal sabkha areas where magnesium [Mg] ions from the evaporation of seawater replace calcium [Ca] ions in calcite, forming the mineral dolomite

(a)