WorksheetsCardiac Quiz
Total questions: 22
Worksheet time: 6hrs 30mins
A child with suspected rheumatic fever is admitted to the pediatric unit. When obtaining the child's history, the nurse considers which information to be most important?
A fever that started 3 days ago
Lack of interest in food
A recent episode of pharyngitis
Vomiting for 2 days
Bob is an 8 month old having cardiac surgery to repair tetralogy of fallout. He has developed polycythemia. Due to this development, your best action is:
Allow rest periods
Keep him hydrated
Keep him in a semi-fowlers position
Perform passive range of motion
Children with congenital heart conditions are extremely susceptible to:
Gastrointestinal disorders
Skin infections
Allergic conditions
Upper respiratory infections
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy & physiology of the heart. Which of the following statements is accurate?
Prior to birth the pressure is highest on the left side of the heart
The area of highest pressure in the heart of a healthy child is the right ventricle
A right to left shunt increases pulmonary blood flow
Relaxation of the heart is called diastole
Which of the following is an example of a heart defect that increases pulmonary blood flow?
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Pulmonary stenosis
Tetrology of Fallot
You are caring for Jordan, a 3 year old diagnosed with Kawasaki's disease. When assessing Jordan and reviewing his results, the nurse would expect to find which of the following
Swelling of the conjunctiva with purulent drainage
A very distinctive rash to the extremities
Inflammation of the mouth, lips & tongue
Lab results showing a positive ASO titer
The nurse is reviewing information about Kawasaki's. Which of the following is correct?
Without treatment 50% of children will have permanent cardiac damage
It is second only to rheumatic fever as the leading cause of acquired heart disease
It generally effects children > 10 years old
It is treated with salicylate (aspirin) therapy
Which of the following should be the priority assessment before administering digoxin?
Apical pulse
Blood pressure
Temperature
Ensuring adequate hydration status
The abnormal changes in heart structure in tetralogy of Fallot are:
Stenosis of the pulmonary veins, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, overriding aorta, and a VSD
Hypertrophy of the left ventricle, stenosis of the pulmonary vein, ASD, and an overriding aorta
Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, VSD, and an overriding aorta
Stenosis of the pulmonary after, hypertrophy of the left ventricle, a PDA, and an overriding aorta
Which of the following is an important part of a well-child assessment to evaluate for an undiagnosed coarctation of the aorta in children?
Assessment for murmur
Hematologic monitoring of hemoglobin
Assessment of exercise tolerance
Assessment of 4 extremity blood pressures
A 10 month old infant with tetralogy of fallout experiences a cyanotic episode or "set spell". To improve oxygenation during an episode the nurse should place the child in what position
Sitting upright
Fowler's
Prone
Knee-to chest
A child with suspected rheumatic fever is admitted to the pediatric unit. When obtaining the child's history, the nurse considers which information to be the most important?
A fever that started 3 days ago
Lack of interest in food
A recent episode of pharyngitis
Vomiting for 2 days
The nurse is caring for Ben, a 4 year old with an unprepared VSD. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in his history?
Tachypnea with a congested cough
History of tet spells
Weight in the 95th percentile for age
Baseline oxygen saturations of 85%
A 3 week old is admitted with congestive heart failure secondary to a large atrial septal defect. Her plan of care should include which of the following
Monitor strict I & O, weigh all diapers & weigh weekly
Cluster all cares so oxygen demand is decreased
Provide high calorie formula and allow patient to feed slowly over an hour
Allow patient to cry to encourage expansion and learning of lung fields
A child age 4 is admitted with a tentative diagnosis of congenital heart disease. When assessment reveals a bounding radial pulse coupled with a weak femoral pulse, the nurse suspects the child has:
Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of the aorta
Ventricular septal defect
Truncus arteriosus
Which of the following is used to keep a PDA (patent ductus arterioles) open?
Prostaglandins (PGE)
Milrinone
Indomethacin
Potassium drip
Which of the following instructions would the nurse include in a teaching plan that focuses on the initial prevention of rheumatic fever?
Using a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation
Treating streptococcal throat infections with an antibiotic
Providing an antibiotic before dental work
Giving penicillin to clients with rheumatic fever
Which of the following symptoms of rheumatic fever can cause permanent sequelae?
Carditis
Polyarthritis
Gingivitis
Anemia
Which of the following is true concerning the subacute phase of Kawasaki Disease?
Children in this phase experience a high persistent fever that does not respond to antipyretics
Cervical lymphadenopathy is most prominent during this phase
Peeling of the hands and feet occur during this phase
This phase begins with the resolution of all clinical signs and the normalization of lab values
When a child is diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta, why is the surgery scheduled early in childhood instead of waiting until an older age?
To increase the electrolytes circulating in the lower half of the body
To avoid the effects of prolonged hypertension
To avoid the effects of prolonged hypotension
Lab results for a child with a cyanotic heart defect reveal an elevated hemoglobin level, hematocrit, and RBC count. What do these data suggest?
Anemia
Dehydration
Jaundice
Compensation for hypoxia
What is your best explanation to a 12-year-old who has just asked you to explain why he has rheumatic fever
Your immune system has mistaken your heart valves as bacteria and is attacking your own heart
You have an infection in your heart
This can be treated with antibiotics
Your heart is having a hard time handling an infection that is in your blood stream
