What Is Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) starts as a bacterial infection that can develop into a serious disease that commonly affects the lungs. Most people infected with TB never get sick and cannot transmit the disease; this is called "latent TB infection". World-wide, about one quarter of the population has latent TB. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that among those untreated, between 5 and 10 percent infected with TB develop the disease. For the people who do get sick, symptoms include a serious cough, which can sometimes bring up blood or phlegm, as well as chest pain, weakness, and fatigue.

Which detail from the text BEST supports your answer to Question #1?

What Is Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) starts as a bacterial infection that can develop into a serious disease that commonly affects the lungs. Most people infected with TB never get sick and cannot transmit the disease; this is called "latent TB infection". World-wide, about one quarter of the population has latent TB. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that among those untreated, between 5 and 10 percent infected with TB develop the disease. For the people who do get sick, symptoms include a serious cough, which can sometimes bring up blood or phlegm, as well as chest pain, weakness, and fatigue.

Using the context from the passage above, which of the following answer choices is MOST LIKELY the definition of the word latent?

"Smog, the combination of fog and industrial smoke, has vitiated the air in and around many big cities."

Which example of context clues does the author use in the sentence above, as it applies to the word "smog"?

"Smog, the combination of fog and industrial smoke, has vitiated the air in and around many big cities."

All of the following words could replace the word "vitiated" without changing the meaning of the sentence, EXCEPT which one?

What is the central idea of the passage below?

"While some vaccines contain eggs, gelatin or latex, making people with allergies to those ingredients unable to get the inoculation, that isn't the case with COVID-19 vaccines, according to the CDC."

Which word in the passage below BEST helps you understand the meaning of the word "inoculation"?

"While some vaccines contain eggs, gelatin or latex, making people with allergies to those ingredients unable to get the inoculation, that isn't the case with COVID-19 vaccines, according to the CDC."

Which of the following answer choices below provides the BEST objective summary for the passage, SNH?

SNH

A blanket of fresh snow can brighten a winter landscape. But snow is more than just beautiful. It is helpful, too. Snow benefits plants, animals, and people in many ways. Snow helps plants that stay in the ground all winter. It does not kill plants. It acts as a shield. Snow traps air beneath it. This air is warmer than the air above the snow. The warm air surrounds and protects plants. Biting winter winds cannot reach them. Ice storms and bitter cold cannot harm them. Plants stay alive through the worst weather.

Snow helps animals, too. Some animals nest below ground. They spend the whole winter there. A blanket of snow serves to keep the nests warm. Other animals do not nest below ground. They tunnel into the snow itself. They make nests there. Compared with the cold air above, snow nests are cozy.

Snow also benefits people. It helps many people earn a living. Some communities are centers for winter sports. Many visitors go there to ski. People who live and work in these communities need snow. Without it, they would have no business. Snow is useful even when it melts. Melting snow runs into wells. It flows into rivers and streams. These supply water to towns and cities. Farms benefit from melting snow as well. Some areas are dry in summer. They get little rain. Nearly all their water comes from melted snow. The water is stored in dammed-up lakes and ponds. It is used during the growing season to water fields and orchards. Without this water supply, there could be no crops. In this way, the summer harvest depends on winter snow.

Which sentence from the passage below BEST describes the central idea of the passage?

SNH

A blanket of fresh snow can brighten a winter landscape. But snow is more than just beautiful. It is helpful, too. Snow benefits plants, animals, and people in many ways. Snow helps plants that stay in the ground all winter. It does not kill plants. It acts as a shield. Snow traps air beneath it. This air is warmer than the air above the snow. The warm air surrounds and protects plants. Biting winter winds cannot reach them. Ice storms and bitter cold cannot harm them. Plants stay alive through the worst weather.

Snow helps animals, too. Some animals nest below ground. They spend the whole winter there. A blanket of snow serves to keep the nests warm. Other animals do not nest below ground. They tunnel into the snow itself. They make nests there. Compared with the cold air above, snow nests are cozy. Snow also benefits people. It helps many people earn a living. Some communities are centers for winter sports. Many visitors go there to ski. People who live and work in these communities need snow. Without it, they would have no business.

Snow is useful even when it melts. Melting snow runs into wells. It flows into rivers and streams. These supply water to towns and cities. Farms benefit from melting snow as well. Some areas are dry in summer. They get little rain. Nearly all their water comes from melted snow. The water is stored in dammed-up lakes and ponds. It is used during the growing season to water fields and orchards. Without this water supply, there could be no crops. In this way, the summer harvest depends on winter snow.

In the sentence below taken from the passage about snow, what does the word "biting" mean as it is used in this sentence?

"The warm air surrounds and protects plants. Biting winter winds cannot reach them. Ice storms and bitter cold cannot harm them."

Which word(s) MOST help you to determine your answer to Question 10?

"The warm air surrounds and protects plants. Biting winter winds cannot reach them. Ice storms and bitter cold cannot harm them."

The connotation of the first paragraph of the passage about snow is?

"A blanket of fresh snow can brighten a winter landscape. But snow is more than just beautiful. It is helpful, too. Snow benefits plants, animals, and people in many ways."