A dynasty of North India whose court was the center of classical Indian art and literature.

A set of rigid categories in ancient India that determined a person’s occupation and economic potential, as well as his or her position in society, based partly on skin color.

An ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that heaven granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly.

A Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher.

A route between the Roman Empire and China.

Indian religious leader

A system of fortified walls with a roadway along the top, constructed as a defense for China against the Mongols.

A term used to identify people speaking Indo-European languages

The major Indian religious system, which had its origins in the religious beliefs of the Aryans who settled in India after 1500 BC.