Authorized the President of the United States to subdivide Native American tribal landholdings into allotments for Native American heads of families.

A vast grassland between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains

1862 law that gave 160 acres of land to citizens who met certain conditions and promised to cultivate the land.

A legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native American tribes.

completed in 1869 it connected the East to the West; leading to better communication, trade and closing of the frontier.

First inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel.

Economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods.

Term coined by Mark Twain to describe the post-Reconstruction era in the US.

Written by Andrew Carnegie, encouraged philanthropy (give money back to society to make lives better) among wealthy industrialists.

Coalition of U.S. farmers, particularly in the Middle West, that fought monopolistic grain transport practices during the decade following the American Civil War.

1887 act was created to regulate shipping rates and other railroad abuses in the government's attempt to begin regulating big business.

exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.

Promoting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants.

Provided for selection of some government employees by competitive exams rather than ties to politicians.

The desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the generous donation of money to good causes.

organizations that sought control of cities by providing social services and jobs in exchange for votes and political control.

federal law used to stop monopolies from engaging in unfair practices and preventing fair business competition.  

Theory of society which emerged in the 1870s, claiming to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics.

In politics and government, a spoils system is a practice in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government civil service jobs to its supporters, friends, and relatives 

A work stoppage, caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. A strike usually takes place in response to employee grievances

Urban dwellings occupied by impoverished families. They are apartment houses that barely meet or fail to meet the minimum standards of safety, sanitation, and comfort.

Inventor of the telephone

founder of the U.S. Steel Company & vertical consolidation; promoted philanthropy among wealthy industrialists known as the Gospel of Wealth.

American business magnate and philanthropist. Known for founding and leading the Standard Il Company.

American inventor and businessman who has been described as America's greatest inventor. He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures

William Magear Tweed – widely known as "Boss" Tweed – was an American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York City and State