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WorksheetsBundle 5: DNA/RNA, PS, Mutations
Total questions: 18
Worksheet time: 10mins
What is the significance of N- bases?
the number of bases determines traits
the order of bases determines traits
the length of bases determines traits
the amount of bases determines the traits
Original: GAT-CGA-TCA
Complimentary: GAT-CGA-TCA
The pairing is inaccurate
The pairing is accurrate
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
sugar, phosphate, nucleic acid
nitrogen base, sugar, phosphate
nucleotide, nucleic acid, sugar
hydrogen bond, sugar, phosphate
Differences in traits such as hair texture are determined by differences in?
location of sugars in DNA
sequence of nucleotides in DNA
the number of bases in DNA
the amount of hydrogen bonds
Which of these is the direct result of an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide?
The nuclear membrane is ruptured.
Amino acids do not bond to tRNA.
A codon sequence is incorrect.
Transportation of mRNA does not occur.
Human bone, muscle, and nerve cells all contain the same number of chromosomes with the same complement of genes. What enables these cells to perform specialized activities?
The ability of some cells to remove unnecessary DNA sequences
The regulation of gene expression within each cell type
The mutation of genes within each cell type
The use of different methods of cell division
Original: GAC-TAG-CAC
Mutated: GAC-TAA-GCAC
A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid.
A substitution occurs with the adenine base.
A deletion of a cytosine base occurs.
A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA.
The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. A species must be capable of surviving and reproducing despite changes to food sources, climate, or threats from predators. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?
Mutations are a source of variation in the species
Mutations are the cause of disease in the species
Mutations are not harmful when they occur in somatic cells of the species
Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations of the species
Which point mutation would be most likely to have a harmful effect on the functioning of a protein?
a base substitution
a base deletion near the start of the coding sequence
a base deletion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator codon
a base insertion near the start of an intron
In the early 1980s scientists were able to produce two biomolecules by slicing a human gene into the bacterium E. coli to make recombinant human insulin and growth hormone. Which statement best explains why this experiment was successful?
Human cells are eukaryotic, and E.coli cells are prokaryotic.
All living organisms share the same genome.
The genes for all organisms are composed of the same building blocks
The human body contains many types of bacteria, including E.coli
What is the purpose of translation?
To replicate the DNA of an organism before cell division
To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain along a DNA template
To synthesize amino acids used to unzip strands of DNA and copy the genetic code
To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids
What process is occurring when Double- Stranded DNA unwinds into two strands?
Process: transcription; Product: mRNA
Process: translation; Product: protein
Process: replication; Product tRNA
Process: recombination; Product: polymerase
AGA-UCG-AGU --> ACA-UCG-AGU
The chain above represents three codons. Which of the following changes would be expected in the amino acid chain if the mutation shown above occurred?
The amino acid sequence would be shorter than expected
The identity of one amino acid would change
The amino acid sequence would remain unchanged
The identities of more than one amino acid would change
1. Amino acids are bonded together to form a protein
2. RNA polymerase transcribes a template DNA strand into mRNA
3. tRNA anticodon matches up with the complimentary mRNA codon
4. mRNA exits through a nuclear pore and travels to the ribosome
5. DNA unwinds and unzips
6. tRNA picks up and carries the amino acids to mRNA
5 – 4 – 6 – 2 – 3 – 1
2 – 5 – 6 – 3 – 1 – 4
5 – 2 – 4 – 6 – 3 - 1
5 – 2 – 4 – 1 – 6 – 3
What is the main purpose of mRNA?
carrying instructions for protein synthesis
passing traits to offspring
transforming into a protein
replacing damaged DNA
Transcribe into mRNA
TAC-TCG-GTA-ATT
AGU UGC GAU U
AUG AGC CAU UAA
AUG AGC CAU A
AUG UCG CAU AUU
An arctic fox is white in the winter and black in the summer
What causes this change in fur color
The alleles for fur color change as the arctic fox grows older
Gene expression for fur color is regulated by latitude
The arctic fox has two traits for fur color that are determined at birth
Gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature
Fruit fly DNA- ACG-TGA-CCT
Frog DNA- ACG-GAT-CCT
The results provide evidence that?
similar nucleotides are present in both fruit-fly and frog DNA
fruit flies and frogs can be made to develop some of the same physical traits
heat can cause mutations in the DNA sequences of organisms
the replication of genetic material can occur at any temperature
