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Fluid, Electrolyte, Acid-Base Balance

Total questions: 15

Worksheet time: 8mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The appropriate fraction of body weight that is attributed to water is more than:

a)

one-fourth

b)

one half

c)

two-thirds

d)

three-fourths

2.

A nonelectrolyte is:

a)

Sodium

b)

chloride

c)

Glucose

d)

Calcium

3.

The passive movement of substances across a membrane to achieve equal concentration is known as:

a)

acid-base balance

b)

neutral charged ions

c)

fluid excretion

d)

diffusion

4.

The normal serum pH is:

a)

7.25 to 7.35

b)

7.35 to 7.45

c)

8.15 to 8.35

d)

8.35 to 8.55

5.

An elevated serum pH causes a condition known as:

a)

alkalosis

b)

acidosis

c)

equal bicarbonate

d)

neutral carbonic acid

6.

The acid-base balance is regulated by the lungs and the:

a)

cerebellum

b)

electrolytes

c)

kidneys

d)

liver

7.

The shift of calcium excess into the bone creates a condition known as:

a)

hyperkalemia

b)

hypervolemia

c)

hypocalcemia

d)

hyponatremia

8.

The patient with excess fluid volume will have blood pressure that is:

a)

elevated

b)

normal

c)

lowered

d)

even

9.

Excessive use of potassium containing salt substitutes can cause an excess of which electrolyte?

a)

Calcium

b)

Magnesium

c)

Potassium

d)

Sodium

10.

On the patient's intake and output record (I&O), continuous tube feeding would be counted as the :

a)

Intake

b)

Deficit

c)

Surplus

d)

Output

11.

The patient who was admitted after vomiting for 3 days would show an abnormally low blood pressure because of a fluid shift from:

a)

intracellular to the extracellular.

b)

interstitial to intravascular.

c)

intravascular to the interstitial.

d)

interstitial to the intracellular.

12.

The nurse is aware that an infant is more at risk for dehydration because the infant:

a)

has kidneys that reabsorb water from the intravascular space.

b)

has a larger body surface compared with body weight.

c)

urinates more frequently.

d)

has fat that absorbs water.

13.

A patient has been identified as having a dietary deficiency of vitamin D. The nurse understands that this patient is also at risk for having a deficiency of:

a)

calcium.

b)

magnesium.

c)

sodium.

d)

potassium.

14.

A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea is losing excessive bicarbonate ions. This patient is at risk for developing:

a)

respiratory alkalosis.

b)

respiratory acidosis.

c)

metabolic alkalosis.

d)

metabolic acidosis

15.

At the beginning of the shift, a patient’s IV bag has 960 mL remaining. The IV fluid is running at 75 mL/hr. In 8 hours, there should be how many milliliters remaining in the IV bag?

a)

150

b)

360

c)

450

d)

600