WorksheetsMICRO_005_PATHOGENESIS OF BACTERIAL INFECTION
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 12mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A 22-year-old woman who works in a plant nursery presents with a history of fever and cough for 2 months. Over this period of time she has lost 5 kg. Chest radiography shows bilateral upper lobe infiltrates with cavities. A stain of her sputum shows acid-fast bacilli. The likely means by which the patient acquired her infection is
a)
Sexual activity
b)
Ingesting the microorganisms in her food
c)
Holding onto contaminated hand rails when she takes public transportation
d)
Handling potting soil
e)
Breathing aerosolized droplets containing the microorganism
2.
During a pandemic of a well-characterized disease, a group of 175 airline passengers flew from Lima, Peru, to Los Angeles. Lunchon the plane included crab salad, which was eaten by about twothirds of the passengers. After landing in Los Angeles, many of the passengers transferred to other flights with destinations in other parts of California and other Western states. Two of the passengers who stayed in Los Angeles developed severe watery diarrhea. The status of the other passengers was unknown. The likely cause of the diarrhea in the two passengers is
a)
Escherichia coli O157:H7 (lipopolysaccharide O antigen 157; flagellar antigen 7)
b)
Vibrio cholerae type O139 (lipopolysaccharide O antigen139)
c)
Shigella dysenteriae type 1
d)
Campylobacter jejuni
e)
Entamoeba histolytica
3.
A 65-year-old woman has a long-term central venous catheter for intravenous therapy. She develops fever and subsequently has multiple blood cultures positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis. All of the S epidermidis isolates have the same colony morphology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, suggesting that they are the same strain. An S epidermidis biofilm is thought to be present on the catheter. Which one of the following statements about such an infection is correct?
a)
The biofilm containing the S epidermidis is likely to wash off the catheter.
b)
Production of an extracellular polysaccharide inhibits growth of the S epidermidis, limiting the infection.
c)
The S epidermidis in the biofilm are likely to be more susceptible to antimicrobial therapy because the bacteria have decreased rates of metabolism.
d)
The quorum-sensing ability of S epidermidis results in increased susceptibility to antimicrobial therapy.
e)
The complex molecular interactions within the biofilm make it difficult to provide effective antimicrobial therapy, and it is likely the catheter will have to be removed to cure the infection.
4.
The first microorganism to satisfy Koch’s postulates (in the late 19th century) was
a)
Treponema pallidum
b)
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
c)
Mycobacterium leprae
d)
Bacillus anthracis
e)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
5.
Which of the following statements about lipopolysaccharide is correct?
a)
It interacts with macrophages and monocytes yielding release of cytokines.
b)
The toxic component is the O side chain.
c)
It forms holes in red blood cell membranes yielding hemolysis.
d)
It causes hypothermia.
e)
It causes paralysis.
6.
A 27-year-old man had a rhinoplasty. A nasal tampon was placed to control the bleeding. Approximately 8 hours later, he developed headache, muscle aches, and abdominal cramps with diarrhea. He then developed an erythematous rash (resembling sunburn) over much of his body, including the palms and soles. His blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg. The nasal tampon remained in place. His liver enzyme tests were elevated, and there was evidence of moderate renal failure. This patient’s illness was likely to be caused by which of the following?
a)
Lipopolysaccharide
b)
Peptidoglycan
c)
A toxin that is a superantigen
d)
A toxin that has A and B subunits
e)
Lecithinase (alpha toxin)
7.
Virulence is...
a)
the ability to cause disease
b)
a measure of disease causing potential
c)
a gene that is involved in causing disease
d)
the ability of a pathogen to grow in a host
e)
the process/mechanism of causing disease
8.
Pathogenesis is....
a)
the ability to cause disease
b)
a measure of disease causing potential
c)
a gene that is involved in causing disease
d)
the ability of a pathogen to grow in a host e. the process/mechanism of causing disease
9.
Stages of infection I.Clearance/Death, II.Inflammation and the immune response, III.Growth , IV.Adhesion (and invasion) ,VContact
a)
I,II,III,IV,V
b)
V,IV,III,II,I
c)
III,IV,V,I,II
d)
I,II,V,IV,V
10.
What are the three most common mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
a)
Phase transduction
b)
Conjugation
c)
Transmogoloration
d)
Injection
e)
Sex
11.
It is when an organism is present in or in the body but has no symptoms
a)
INFECTION
b)
COLONIZATION
c)
BOTH A AND B
d)
NOTA
12.
It is an enzyme that helps invasion breaks down hyaluronic acid
a)
LACITHASE
b)
COLLAGENASE
c)
HYALURONIDASE
13.
The ability of microorganisms to inter host’s tissues, multiply and spread to other tissues
a)
INFECTION
b)
INVASION
c)
ADHESSION
d)
NOTA
14.
There is an increased production of diphtheria toxin
a)
LOW IRON AVAILABILITY
b)
HIGH IRON AVAILABILITY
c)
AOTA
d)
NOTA
15.
More complex multicellular organisms that reproduce by both sexual and asexual means.
a)
Yeast
b)
Molds
c)
Microsporidia
16.
Normal bacterial microbiota that is present in the skin
a)
Corynebacterium species
b)
Acinetobacter species
c)
Staphylococcus aureus
d)
All of the above
17.
It derives some benefit from the infectious state, often nutrition, at the expense of the host.
a)
Parasites
b)
Visuses
c)
Bacteria
d)
Fungi
18.
True or false. Colonization of host with normal microbiota occurs most commonly on surfaces (skin and mucous membranes) and within luminal organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract.
a)
true
b)
false
19.
True or false. Colonization is when a pathogen begins multiplying and causes clinical symptoms- FALSE
a)
true
b)
false
20.
Single-celled fungi which mostly reproduce by budding although some reproduce by binary fission
a)
yeast
b)
Molds
c)
Microsporidia
d)
Parasite
21.
This refers to ability of microorganism to produce toxin that contribute to the development of disease
a)
Superantigens
b)
Toxigenicity
c)
Virulence
d)
None of the above
22.
A classification of fungi which have both yeast and mold phases
a)
Microsporidia
b)
Yeast
c)
Dimorphic fungi
d)
Molds
23.
It represents the simplest form of infectious agent, and reproduce by replication of their genetic material and is packaged individually into new virions.
a)
Viruses
b)
Bacteria
c)
Parasite
d)
Fungi
100 %
