It is the profession of designing buildings and other habitable environments.

It is a curved structure for spanning an opening. designed to support a vertical load primarily by axial compression.

An arch constructed of individual stone or brick voussoirs.

The wedge-shaped often embellished voussoir at the crown of an arch, serving to lock the other voussoir in place

It is any of the wedge-shaped units in a masonry arch or vaults, having side cuts converging at one of the arch centers.

It is the height of an arch from the spring line to the highest point of the intrados.

It is the so-called exterior curve surface or boundary of the visible face of an arch. Also called "back"

It is the decorative molding or band on the face of an arch following the curve of the intrados.

It is the inner curve or surface of an arch forming the concave underside.

The first voussoir resting on the impost of an arch.

It is triangular-shaped, sometimes ornamented are between the extrados of two adjoining arches, or between the left or right extrados of an arch.

It is the point at which an arch, vault, or dome rises from its supports.

The highest part or point of a convex construction such as an arch, vault, or roadway.

Any several concentric rings of masonry forming an arch.

Either side of an arch curving down from the crown to the impost.

Crosspiece connecting the ribs in a centering. Also called "bolster"

The uppermost part of an abutment, often in the form of a block, capital, or molding, from which an arch springs.

An arch having sides or jambs not at right angles with the face of its abutments

A temporary framework for supporting a masonry arch or vault during construction until the work can support itself.

It is a board used as centering for a flat arch, slightly crowned to allow for settling of the arch.

The median line of an arched structure.

The manner in which an arch transforms the vertical forces of a supported load into inclined components and transmits them to abutments on either side of the archway.

An arch-shaped to develop only axial compression under a given loading.

The set of resultant of thrust and weight each part of an arch imposes on the next lower one.

The outward force or pressure exerted by one part of a structure against another.

It is the funicular shape for an arch carrying a vertical load uniformly distributed along the length of the arch axis.

The trust of an arched structure on its abutments, proportional to the total loa and span, and inversely proportional to the rise.

An arched structure of timber, steel, or reinforced concrete, constructed as a rigid body capable of carrying bending stresses.

A fixed frame structure having an arched from.

The part of a structure receiving and supporting the thrust of an arch, vault, or strut.

A two-hinged frame structure having an arched form.

An arch having a horizontal intrados with voussoirs radiating from a center below, often built with a slight camber to allow for settling. Also called jack arch.

A flat arch having voussoirs inclined to the same angle on each side of the center.

A primitive form of arch consisting of two stones laid diagonally to support each other over an opening.

A false arch constructed by corbeling courses from each side of an opening until they meet at a midpoint where a capstone is laid to complete the work.

An arch having continuously curved intrados.

An arch having a semicircular intrados.

An arch having one impost higher than the other.

An arch resting on imposts treated as downward continuations of the archivolt.

A round arch resting on two large corbels.

It is an arch having an intrados that widens above the springing before narrowing to a rounded crown. Also called as Moorish arch.

It is an arch struck from one or more centers below the springing line.

A stone or course of masonry having a sloping face against which the end of a segmental arch rests.

An arch having a cusped intrados with three round or pointed foils.

A pointed arch having two centers and radii equal to the span.

A pointed arch (one having two centers and equal radii)

A pointed arch having two centers and radii greater than the span.

A pointed arch having two centers and radii less than the span.

A four-centered arch having an inner pair of curves with a radius much greater than that of the outer pair.

An arch having a rise of less than half the span.

A pointed arc, each haunch of which is a double curve with the concave side uppermost.

It is a rigid structural member designed to carry and transfer transverse loads across space to supporting elements.

The extent of space between two supports of a structure.

The distance between the inner faces of the supports of a span.

The center-to-center distance between the supports of a span.

It is an external moment tending to cause the pat of a structure to rotate or bend, equal to the algebraic sum of the moments about the neutrals axis of the section under consideration. It is called the __________?

It is an internal moment equal to a bending moment, generated by a force couple to maintain the equilibrium of the being considered.

The perpendicular distance a spanning member deviates from a true course under transverse loading, increasing with load and span, and decreasing with an increase in the moment of inertia of the section or the modulus of elasticity of the material. It is called as the ________?

_______ is a slight convex curvature intentionally built into a beam, girder, or trusts to compensate for an anticipated deflection.

_______ is an imaginary line passing through the centroid of the cross-section of a beam or other member subject to bending, along which no bending stresses occur.

It is a shear force at a cross-section of a beam or other member subject to bending, equal to the algebraic sum of transverse forces on one side of the section.

The shearing stress developed to prevent slippage along horizontal planes of a beam under transverse loading equal at any point to the vertical shearing stress at that point. It is also called "longitudinal shearing stress"

A combination of compressive and tensile stresses developed at a cross-section of a structural member to resist a transverse force, having a maximum value at the surface furthest from the neutral axis.

It is the shearing stress developed along a cross section of a beam to resist transverse shear, having a maximum value at the neutral axis and decreasing nonlinearly toward the outer faces.

A formula defining the relationship between bending moment, bending stress and the cross-sectional properties of a beam.

The point in the cross-sectional plane of a structural member through which a transverse load must pass in order to prevent torsion or twisting of the member about a longitudinal axis.

A beam resting on simple supports at both ends which are free to rotate and have no moment resistance.

The projecting beam supported at only one fixed end.

A graphic representation of the variable in magnitude of the bending moments present in a structure for a given set of transverse load and support conditions.

A simple beam extending beyond its supports. The overhang reduces the positive moment at midspan while developing a negative moment at the base of the cantilever over the support.

A simple beam extending beyond both its supports.

A net resultant of shear forces that acts vertically upwaard on the left part of the structure being considered.

A net resultant of shear forces that acts vertically downward on the left part of the structure being considered.

A positive bending moment that produces a concave curvature at a section of a structure.

A point at which a structure changes curvature from convex to concave or vice versa as it deflects under a transverse load; theoretically, an internal hinge and theorefore a point of zero moment.

A bending moment that produces a convex curvature at section of a structure.

It is a beam having both ends restrained against translation and rotatiion. The fixed ends transfer bending stresses, increase the rigidity of the beam and reduce its maximum deflection.

A beam extending over more than two supports in order to develop greater rigidity and smaller moments thn a series of simple beams having similar spans and loading.

The part of a beam that is thickened or deepened to develop greater moment resistance. The efficiency of a beam can be increased by shaping its length in response to the moment and shear values, which typically vary along its longitudinal axis.

A simple beam supported by the cantilevers of two adjoiing spands with pinned construction joints at points of zero moment. Also called hung-span.

A masonry unit of clay, formed into a rectanguular prism while plastic and hardened by drying in the sun or firing in kiln.

A brick made for general building purposes and not specially treated for color and texture. Also called building brick.

A brick made of special clays for facing a wall, often treated to produce the desired color and surface tetxure. Also called face brick

Brick type: Facing brick suitable for use where a minimum variation in size, narrow color and range and high degree of mechanical perfection.

Brick type: Facing brick suitable for us where a wider color range and greater variation in size are permitted than for type FBX.

Brick type: Facing brick suitable for use where particular effects are desired resulting from nonuniformity in size, color, and texture of the individual units.

It is the process of forming brick by molding relatively wet clay having a moisture content of 20% to 30%.

It is the process of forming brick and structural tile by extruding stiff but plastic play having a moisture content of 12% to 15% through a die and cutting the extrusion to length with wirees before firing.

____________ is the process of forming brick by molding relatively dry clay having a moisture content of 5% to 7% under high pressure, resulting in sharp-edged, smooth-surfaced bricks.

Brick grade weathering region: A brick suitable for exposure to moderate weathering as when used above grade on surfaces unlikely to be permeated withw ater in subfreezing temperatures.

Brick grade weathering region: A brick suitable for exposure to severe weathering as when in contact with the ground or used on surfaces likely to be permeated with water in subfreezing temperatures.

Brick grade weathering region: A brick suitable for exposure to negligible eweathering as when used as backup or in interior masonry.

A brick formed in the soft-mud process with a mold lined with sand to prevent sticking, producing a matte-textured surface.

A brick formed in the soft-mud process with a mold lubricated with water to preven sticking, producing a smooth, dense surface.

A furnance or oven for burning, baking, or drying something esp. one for firing pottery, baking bricks or drying timber.

A firing brick units alternately with too much or too little air to vary their face color.

A brick or timber rejected as being of inferior quality.

A brik made of fire clay and used for lining furnaces and fireplaces.

A refractory clay used in the making of firebricks, crucibles, and other objects expose to high temperatures.

A material having the ability to retain its physical shape and chemical identity when subjected to high temparature.

A dense, hard-burned brick used esp. for paving.

The weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit when immersed in either cold or boiling water for a stated length of time, expressed as a percentage of the weight of the dry unit.

The ration of the weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit immersed in cold water to the weight absorbed when immersed unn boiling water indicating the probable resistance of the brick to the action of freezing and thawing.

The weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit when partially immersed for one minute,, expressed in grams or ounces per minute. Also called as initial rate of absorption.

It is a white podery deposit that forms on an exposed masonry or contrete surface, caused by the leaching and crystallization of soluble salts from within the materia

It is a brick having nominal dimension of 4 x 2 2/3x 8 

(102 x 68 x 203mm) 

A brick having nominal dimensions of dimension of 4 x 2 ²/3 x 12 in.

(102 x 68 x 305 mm)

A brick having nominal dimensions of 6 x 2 ²/₃ x 12 in. (102 x 68 x 305 mm). It is a trademark of the Brick Institute of America.

A brick having nominal dimension of 4 x 3 ¹/₃ x 8 in.

(102 x 81 x 203mm)

A brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 3 ¹/₃ x 12 in.

(102 x 81 x 305 mm)

Brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 2 x 12 in.

(102 x 51 x 305 mm)

A modular brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 4 x 8 in.

(102 x 102 x 203 mm)

Any of various oversized bricks having nominal dimensions established by the manufacturer.

A brick or other masonry unit laid horizontally in a wall with the longer edge exposed or parallel to the surface.

A brick or tile having normal face dimensions but a nominal thickness of 2 inc (51mm)

A brick or other masonry unit laid horizontally in a wall with the shorter and exposed or parallel to the surface. It is called _________.

A brick laid horizontally on the longer ede with the shorter end exposed.

_____________ is a brick laid vertically with the longer face edge exposed.

A brick laid vertically with the broad face exposed.

It is a brick laid horizontally on the longer edge with the broad face exposed. Also called "bull stretcher".

A brick cut transversely so as to leave one end whole.

To chip or rub stones or bricks to a certain size or shape.

It is the brick construction esp the art of bonding bricks effectively.

Any of various arrangement of masonry units having a regular, recognizable usually overlapping pattern to increase the strength and enhance the appearance of the construction.

A brickwork or masonry bond composed of overlapping stretchers. Also called stretcher bond.

A brickwork bond having a course of headers between every five or six courses of stretchers. Also called American bond.

A masonry unity specially formed or cut to finish a course or complete the bond at the corner of a wall. Also, closure.

A continuous course of stretches in brickwork.

A continuous course of headers in brickwork.

A continuous course of headrs or bondstones overlapping more than one wythe of masonry.

A brickwork or masonrt bond having sucessivev courses of stretchers with all head joints aligned vertically.

A brickwork bond having alternate course of headers and stretchers in which the headers are centered on stretchers and the joints between stretchers line up vertically in all courses.

A brick of half the normal width, used for completing a course or for spacing regular bricks.

____________ is a brickwork bond having alternately headers and stretchers in each course, each header being centered above and below a stretcher.

A three-quarter brick for finishing a course or for spacing regular bricks.

___________ is a form of flemish cross bond which the courses are offset to form a diamond pattern.

A modified english bond in which the head joints in the stretching courses are offset by half the length of a stretcher. Also called dutch bond.

A modified flemish bond having courses of alternate headers and stretchers alternating with stretching course.

A brick having a darker and exposed as a header in pattered brick work.

A brickwork bond for lightly loaded boundary walls, having a sequence of a header and three stretchers in each course, with each header being centered over a header and alternate courses.