“Greek for “hostile.” An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others.” (Ch 1)

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“Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction.” (Ch 2)

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“repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines.” (Ch 2)

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“Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.” (Ch 2)

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“Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action.” (Ch 2)

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“Use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings.” (Ch 2)

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an argument that seeks consensus, not to destroy or disprove the other side, named after British psychologist. Opposite of a Polemic argument. (Ch 3)

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“A fallacy that occurs when evidence boils down to “everybody’s doing it, so it must be a good thing to do.” (Ch 3)

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“A fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence.” (Ch 3)

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A claim that proposes a change. (Ch 3)

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“A statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make”. (Ch 3)

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“Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it’s from personal experience, observations, or general knowledge of events.” (Ch 3)

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Latin for “after which therefore because of which”, example: “We elected Johnson as president and look where it got us: hurricanes, floods, stock market crashes.” (Ch 3)

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“In the Toulmin model - uses words like usually, probably, maybe, in most cases, and most likely to temper the claim, making it less absolute.” (Ch 3)

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“A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion.” (Ch 3)

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“In the Toulmin model - explains the terms and conditions necessitated by the qualifier.” (Ch 3)

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“A fallacy that occurs when a speaker chooses a deliberately poor or oversimplified example in order to ridicule and refute an idea.” (Ch 3)

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“Evidence that is accessed through research, reading, and investigation. It includes factual and historical information, expert opinion, and quantitative data.” (Ch 3)

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there is not enough evidence to support this particular conclusion. (Ch 3)

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