The view that mental events are identical with physical occurrences in the brain. Also known as 'Identity Theory'.

Which term refers to our sense of awareness or perception?

When a problem of language arises as things are talked about as if they belong to one category when in fact they belong to another eg. What colour is 8:00am?

Which of these descriptions is not an understanding of the term 'Soul'?

Which of these arguments was not used by Plato to defend the existence of a immortal soul?

Who, in his treatise De Anima ('On the Soul') began by saying that 'the soul is in some sense the principle of animal life'.

Aristotle argued that the soul is the formal cause, or characteristics, of a thing. He illustrates this by pointing out that the soul of the axe would be...

Which one of the following scholars could be described as a substance dualist?

Descartes argued that we should treat much of empirical knowledge with scepticism and doubt. His first principle in his work 'Meditations on First Philosophy' demonstrates there are some things we can know, 'cogito ergo sum' which translates as...

JS Mill held the view that there is one physical substance, but with two distinct kinds of properties, physical and mental properties. As physical properties become more complex, mental events emerge from them. This si a form of property dualism know as...

Gilbert Ryle, in his book The Concept of Mind, challenged the claim that the mind is distinct from the body and defended reductive materialism. He argued that mind-body distinction was a category mistake and claimed that...

Which zoologist, and author of the Selfish Gene, River out of Eden and the God Delusion argues forcefully for a biological materialist view of humanity with no 'spirit driven life force, no throbbing, heaving, pullulating, protoplasmic mystic jelly. Life is just bytes and bytes of digital information.'

Anthony Flew, in his book 'Merely Mortal: Can you Survive Your Own Death' argued...

Who argued in favour of dualism that the soul is distinct from our bodies and gives human identity a unique aspect, in that it is capable of logical thought, aware of its own freedom to make choices and aware of its moral obligation.

Who defends dualism as accepting the narrow materialism of Dawkins would lead to a dystopian future, he said that in this view (which he rejects) 'Human persons are not free spiritual agents with a special dignity. They are physical organisms for reproducing genes; and as such they have no more intrinsic dignity than a walking bag of chemicals."

Keith Ward points out the Biblical language of the creation of humanity which both celebrates our biological materialist bodies, whilst clearly indicating a spiritual/non-physical aspect of human identity. What passage does he quote to support this?