The name of the program under which the United States supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, France, and other Allied nations with war material between 1941 and 1945; the basis of the legislation was to promote the defense of the United States; although this act did not formally establish the United States as a combatant in the war, this act ended the pretense of its neutrality

The United States ultimately got involved in World War II after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941; the United States Navy was crippled after this attack, but we were left with little option than to declare war; once we declared war on Japan, Germany and Italy responded with their own declarations of war against the United States

A restriction of people’s rights to buy unlimited amounts of particular foods and other goods, often implemented during wartime to ensure adequate supplies for the military

A World War II policy of Franklin Roosevelt that allowed for the sale materials to countries as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash, assuming all risk in transportation

Policy statement first issued in August 1941 that early in World War II defined the Allied goals for the post-war world; the Charter stated the ideal goals of the war: no seizing of territories for the purpose of gaining power, no territorial changes made against the wishes of the people, the restoration of self-government to those deprived of it, free access to raw materials, the reduction of trade restrictions, global cooperation to secure better economic and social conditions for all, freedom from fear and want, freedom of the seas, and the abandonment of the use of force of aggressor nations

Established in 1942 by executive order to direct all war production, including procuring and allocating raw materials, to maximize the nation’s war machine; this organization had sweeping powers over the U.S. economy

World War II “policy” supported by several prominent black newspapers, stating that African Americans should work for victory over the Axis powers but at the same time work for victory over oppression at home

Order of President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorizing the War Department to remove Japanese “enemy aliens” to isolated internment camps; immigrants and citizens alike were sent away from their homes, neighbors, schools, and businesses; the Japanese internment policy was held to be constitutional by the United States Supreme Court in Korematsu v. U.S.

In World War II, the three great Allied leaders – Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin – formed a grand alliance that was key to victory; these alliance partners did not share common political aims and did not always agree on how the war should be fought

This was a fierce World War II battle between the Germans and the Soviets, even though the Germans inflicted serious damage on the city, the Soviets would defeat the Germans; this victory allowed for the Soviet Union to go on the offensive, ever pushing their way towards Germany

This was the last significant victory for Germany in World War II; in hopes of breaking through Allied lines, the Germans launched a massive attack on the center, they successfully pushed them back but did not break the line; from here the Allies would push their way towards Germany

A pivotal naval battle fought near the island of Midway on June 3-6, 1942; naval battle that crippled Japanese offensive capabilities in the Pacific, forcing Japanese military operations to become defensive

Legislation signed by FDR in June 1941 to prohibit ethnic or racial discrimination in the nation’s defense industry

Native American men who served in the military by transmitting radio messages in their native languages, which were undecipherable by German and Japanese spies

Also known as Operation Torch; in this action, the Allies hoped that seizing the Mediterranean coast of Africa, they would be capable of moving Allied troops across the sea and into Italy, successfully opening an Allied front in Europe

This was the Allied invasion of France (Normandy); this massive air and sea assault gave the Allies strong footing in Europe from which they could launch attacks on the Axis powers

The Japanese occupied nearly every island in the Pacific, if American forces attacked each Japanese stronghold it would take massive amounts of time to defeat the Japanese; the United States devised a strategy in which they would attack only those islands strategic to their invasion of Japan, always moving towards Japan

Hostility to or prejudice against Jews

The plan of Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany to eliminate Jewish civilization from Europe

A document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that establishes principles for the rights and freedoms of individuals. Considered a foundational text in international human rights law

In August 1945 President Truman ordered the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japan, killing tens of thousands of people; the Japanese surrendered as a result of these bombings

The Holocaust was the mass murder of more than 12 million Europeans during World War II, of which 6 million were Jews; the intent was the mass genocide of the Jewish race by the Nazis

These the trials of those German officers most responsible for the tragedies of the Holocaust, many of them had first-hand knowledge or gave the orders for these murders; many of these men were found guilt and executed

An international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and the achievement of world peace; founded in 1945 after the conclusion of World War II