An alcoholic has been on a 2-week drinking binge during which time she has eaten little and has become severely hypoglycemic. Which additional condition may develop in response to chronic, severe hypoglycemia?

A 55-year-old alcoholic was brought to the emergency department by his friends. During their usual nightly gathering at the local bar, he had passed out and they had been unable to revive him. The physician ordered an injection of thiamine followed by overnight parenteral glucose. The next morning the patient was alertand coherent, serum thiamine was normal, and blood glucose was 73 mg/dL (4 mM). The IV line was removed and he was taken home.

Which of the following enzymes is thiamine-dependent and essential for glucose oxidation in the brain?

A 55-year-old alcoholic was brought to the emergency department by his friends. During their usual nightly gathering at the local bar, he had passed out and they had been unable to revive him. The physician ordered an injection of thiamine followed by overnight parenteral glucose. The next morning the patient was alertand coherent, serum thiamine was normal, and blood glucose was 73 mg/dL (4 mM).

The IV line was removed and he was taken home.At the time of discharge from the hospital, which of the following proteinswould have no significant physiologic activity in this patient?

A 44-year-old man from Limpopo Province in South Africa, living in the United States and receiving antibiotic therapy for a urinary tract infection, has a self-limiting episode of hemolysis, back pain, and jaundice. The peripheral blood smear reveals a nonspherocytic, normocytic anemia, and Heinz bodies are seen in some of his erythrocytes.

Which of the following genetic deficiencies is most likely related to his hemolytic episode?

Insulin-induced lipoprotein lipase is required for themetabolism of which of the following particles?

A 42-year-old man presents with a chief complaint of intermittent claudication during exercise. His family history is significant for the presence of cardiovascular disease on his father’s side, but not on his mother’s side. Physical exam revealsxanthelasmas and bilateral tendon xanthomas. A plasma lipid profile reveals cholesterol level 340 mg/dL, with a high LDL/HDL ratio. He is given instructions for dietary modifications and a prescription for simvastatin.The clinical findings noted in this patient are most likely caused by deficient production of

A 20-year-old man is taken to the university clinic to determine the cause of recurring hyperlipidemia, proteinuria, and anemia. Fasting blood tests reveal slightly elevated concentrations of unesterified cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine. The patient is given a 100 gram chocolate bar and blood lipid levels are monitored hourly. Results reveal significantly increased levels of unesterified cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine for extended periods. Deficiency of which of the following proteins is most likely to be associated with these observations?

Two weeks after an episode of the flu, an 8-year-old boy with IDDM is brought to the emergency room in a coma. His breathing is rapid and deep, and his breath has a fruity odor. His blood glucose is 36.5 mM (normal: 4–6 mM [70–110 mg/dL]). The physician administers IV fluids, insulin, and potassium chloride. A rapid effect of insulin in this situation is to stimulate

Potentially bioactive compounds in the detoxification system contained in ginger: