In _________ climatic region, high temperatures are accompanied by very high humidity levels leading to immense discomfort. Cross ventilation is hence very essential here. Adequate shading measures are also necessary to protect the building from direct radiation.

High temperature and humidity is a big challenge in

Hot and Dry climate.

In Hot & Humid climate there is High precipitation throughout the year.

- Generally becomes intense for consecutive months.

- Annual rainfall: _____ mm to 5000 mm (one cubic millimeter per square millimeter). - Occurrence of gusty winds and electric storms.

In Hot & Humid Climate The intensity of solar radiation is moderate during summers and high during winters.

Hot-Dry climates are defined as areas

that are extremely dry, with water escaping

and leaving the area drier than other areas.

The dry arid area is the desert that are found on the Earth. The desert areas range to around ____% of all of the surface of the Earth. If an area is a dry and arid area, it means that it gets less than 300 millimeters of rain per year.

The dry semi-arid area is the grasslands that are found on the Earth. The grassland

areas range to around ____% of all of the surface of the Earth. If an area is a semi-arid area, it means that the area gets enough rain for different types of grasses to grow.

In Hot and Dry Climate During the summer, high-speed,

dusty winds, and hot winds blow during

the night, and sandstorms are prevalent.

_______ are used to lessen absortion of solar radiation and prevent

the heat penetrate directly inside the house

____________ is a great heat conductor, but using it in interior flooring is suitable to cool an area.

________ is have a high thermal mass. It absorbs heat during the day and release it during the cooler evening periods

________ has a high thermal mass with properties similar to brick and stone. stone.

________ remove heat from the air through the process of evapotranspiration, and also act as insulators for buildings, reducing the energy needed to provide cooling and heating.

The heat island phenomenon in major cities is partly due to the excessive use of steel and metals, which causes many problems regarding thermal comfort and energy expenditure.

A low-rise building is simply defined as one which is not tall enough to be classified as high-rise.

Low-rise buildings are defined as buildings with _____ floors or under.

Mid-rise buildings are defined as buildings that have between 5 to _____ floors.

High-rise buildings are defined as buildings that have ____ floors or above.

Skyscrapers are buildings with over _____ floors and are considered part of the high-rise category.