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Heredity & Variation

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Every living thing has genetic information stored in the form of

a)

Ribosomes

b)

DNA

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

2.

If two alleles are the same for a certain trait they are considered

a)

Homozygous

b)

Twins

c)

Heterozygous

d)

Common

3.

Physical traits that are expressed are known as ____________

a)

Mutation

b)

Personality

c)

Genotype

d)

Phenotype

4.

Sections of DNA that have instructions for a specific trait are called _______________

a)

Blueprints

b)

Genes

c)

Heterozygous

d)

Fragments

5.

Chromosomes are

a)

Found in the mitochondria

b)

Made of 20 pairs

c)

Long strands of DNA that contain many genes

d)

Bundles of DNA that contain only one gene each

6.

In science, mutations are

a)

The reason the X-Men exist

b)

Genetically engineered creatures that you fight in the Hunger Games

c)

A change in the DNA of an organism that produces new traits

d)

Always helpful for survival

7.

True or false: Mutations only harm chances of survival:

a)

True

b)

False

8.

Traits that are passed from parents to offspring are always

a)

Recessive

b)

Inherited

c)

Dominant

d)

Heterozygous

9.

The genetic difference between individuals in the same species is

a)

Interesting

b)

Harmful

c)

Variation

d)

Genetics

10.

Sperms can have

a)

Only X chromosome

b)

Only Y chromosome

c)

Either X or Y chromosome

d)

Either XX or XY chromosomes

11.

What is the percentage of a woman having a male child?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

12.

A brown eyed man of genotype Bb marries a blue eyed woman. What is the chance that their third child is brown eyed?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

13.

A couple has had 1 child, who is a boy. Which of the following statements is true?

a)

Their second child will be a girl because the ratio of boy:girl is 1:1.

b)

Their second child will be definitely be a girl because the chance of her being a girl is 50%.

c)

Their second child has a 50% chance of being either a boy or a girl as gender of the first child has no effect on the subsequent children.

14.

A dominant trait expresses itself

a)

only in homozygous genotypes

b)

only in heterozygous genotypes

c)

both in homozygous and heterozygous genotypes

15.

A recessive trait expresses itself

a)

only in homozygous genotypes

b)

only in heterozygous genotypes

c)

in both homozygous and heterozygous genotypes

16.

Brown eye color is dominant. Blue eye color is recessive. Select the combination of letters below that would represent a person being a purebred for brown eyes. In other words, which option represents a person having both alleles for brown eyes? (hint: think of capitalization of letters and what is used for dominant vs. recessive).

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

aA

17.

Why does Scar have a scar but his brother Mufasa does not?

a)

Mufasa did not inherit it

b)

The scar gene skipped a generation

c)

The scar is an environmental trait

d)

Mufasa is not his brother

18.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
it varies
19.

Human blood type is determined by multiple alleles (A, B, and O). Which ratio would result from a cross between a man with Type AB blood and a woman with Type O blood?

a)

A. 50% Type A, 50% Type O

b)

B. 75% Type A, 25% Type B

c)

C. 50% Type A, 50% Type B

d)

D. 100% Type O

20.

In humans having two eye brows is a completely dominant trait, the recessive trait is expressed as having a single connected eyebrow. If a two parents who are heterozygous for the eyebrow trait had an offspring what is the probability that their child would express the recessive phenotype?

a)

A. Their offspring has a 0% chance of expressing the recessive phenotype.

b)

B. Their offspring has a 25% chance of expressing the recessive phenotype.

c)

C. Their offspring has a 75% chance of expressing the recessive phenotype.

d)

D. Their offspring has a 100% chance of expressing the recessive phenotype.

21.
AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
polygenic inheritance
22.
What percentage of the offspring will have this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
23.
Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. Cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their offspring will be colorblind.
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
75%
d)
50%
24.
Which one of the following shows discontinuous variation?
a)
Eye colour
b)
Height
c)
Strength
d)
Weight
25.
Which one of the following shows continuous variation?
a)
Blood group
b)
Height
c)
Male or female
d)
Tongue rolling
26.
Which of the following is an example of Inherited variation?
a)
Eye colour
b)
Blood type
c)
Skin colour
d)
All of the above
27.
Almost all populations have some variation.
a)
true
b)
false
28.

Which of these factors can be changed by both environmental and inherited variation?

a)

Tattoos

b)

Weight

c)

Scars

29.

What type of graph do we use for discontinuous variation?

a)

A line graph

b)

A bar chart

c)

A bell shape

30.

Which of the following are genetically inherited human characteristics that are not affected by any changes in the environmental conditions?

I Skin colour

II Blood group

III Presence of a dimple

IV Height

a)

I and II

b)

I and III

c)

II and III

d)

III and IV

31.

The following information is about two individuals, X and Y.


*Individual X: presence of a dimple

*Individual Y: no dimple


Which of the following factors causes the difference in the trait between the two individuls?

a)

mutation

b)

genetics

c)

hormone

d)

environment

32.
What are genetically modified (GM) organisms and GM foods?
a)
Foods or organisms with better taste
b)
Foods or organisms grown in the USA, only
c)
Foods or organisms with DNA modified in a way that doesn't occur naturally
d)
Food and organisms that have been injected with hormones
33.
Putting the gene for bioluminescence into a fish is an example of...
a)
Genetic Engineering
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Gene Mutation
34.
Advantages of genetically modified crops include(s)
a)
insect resistance
b)
drought/freeze resistance
c)
higher yield
d)
all of these are reasons for using GMOs
35.
Concerns about genetically modified organisms include(s)
a)
risk to human health
b)
may be harmful to ecosystems
c)
seed/pollen drift to organic farms
d)
all of these are valid concerns
36.

In which ways can genetic engineering can improve crops

a)

Make them pest or drought resistant

b)

Make them more nutritious

c)

Make them larger

d)

All answers are correct

37.

A circular piece of DNA, found in bacteria, is called:

a)

A plasmid

b)

mRNA

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleotide

38.

Humans with genetic diseases can have a gene inserted into their body using a virus. This is called:

a)

Gene therapy

b)

Cloning

c)

DNA fingerprinting

39.
When DNA is manipulated and moved from one source to another it is known as
a)
genetic engineering
b)
electrophoresis
c)
gene therapy
d)
GMO
40.

Changes in a species over generations, due to changes in the environment

a)

Distribution

b)

Mutation

c)

Adaptation

d)

Resistance