Much of Kenya's income comes from:

The type of process that increases interactions deepens relationships and heightens interdependence regardless of national boundaries

Human geographers focus on:

The branch of geography that focuses upon natural landforms, climate, soils, and vegetation of the Earth is:

The importance of the spatial approach that geographers use in their studies is that is shows:

By the time the last great cholera pandemic began in 1865, people knew to take precautions against _____ and ended great waves of cholera

Outbreaks of cholera in 1990 and 2010 killed over 10,000 people in which region:

Which geographical theme would involve the study of the impact of the drainage of part of the Florida Everglades?

______ refers to the infusing of a locality with meaning and emotion

The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network is referred to as:

Geographer Carl O. Sauer is most clearly connected with:

Latitude and longitude are most useful in determining:

The location of a place in relation to other places or features around it is called:

Chicago's relative location has changed over time with:

The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:

Which of the following regions generally receives the most precipitation?

The concern of geography with space puts _____ at the center of its agenda

A good example of a formal region would be a:

A good example of a functional region would be:

Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice (e.g. cattle herding) as:

A cultural complex is defined as:

The spread of ideas, cultural traits, knowledge, and skills from their place of origin to other areas where they are adopted is called:

The greater the distance from the hearth, the less likely an innovation will be adopted

The lack of penetration of alcoholic beverages in Islamic regions illustrates the effect of what on cultural diffusion?

The diffusion of the idea of the hamburger to India but with a vegetable patty instead of the religiously prohibited beef is an example of:

The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of:

The diffusion of Under Armour is an example of:

Which form of diffusion cannot be transmitted by media (television, internet, radio)?

The notion that cultural factors are the product of environmental conditions (e.g. the ancient Greek idea that Europeans were fierce and brutish because of the cold climate) is an example of:

The world's cultures live in spatial isolation and show little change that is the result of interation and diffusion

Geographers study the spatial aspects of phenomena

The study of landforms, climates, and evironmental change is refered to as physical geography

The cause of cholera was deduced by mapping the spatial relationship between the use of particular London public wells and the incidence of cholera infection

Cholera outbreaks have not occured in the Twentieth Century and have never in the Western Hemisphere

A city's relative location can change over time

Activity spaces refer to neighborhood playgrounds in large cities

A world map of Gross National Product would show details of wealth distribution across the United States

Baseball is a cultural trait adopted by the Japanese

Diffusion which proceeds through the levels of an urban hierarchy, from largest to smallest places, is hierarchical diffusion

Migration of individuals is a form of diffusion

Replacement level, the number of births needed to keep a population at a stable level without immigration, requires a total fertility of:

Countries with aging populations attempt to stimulate economic growth to lessen the effect of rising medical and retirement costs by:

Not all countries with aging populations resort to immigration to offset economic problems. An example is:

Almost everywhere on Earth, Total Fetility Rates (TFRs) are:

The arithmetic density of population for a country is determined by dividing the total _______

The problem with using arithmetic population density to investigate the population pattern of a country is that such a density figure doesn't take into consideration:

It has been estimated that 98 percent of Egypt's population occupies only _____ percent of the country's total area

the number o people per unit area of agriculturally productive land is the:

The world's three largest population concentrations are all found on the same landmass, which is:

About _____ percent of the world's population is concentrated in East Asia:

The European population axis is directly related to the:

The major focus of North America's population is:

Various organizations protested the 2000 and 2010 United States census because

The statistics that report the number of deaths per thousand people in a given year is called:

Low popultion growth resulting from high CBR and very high CDR is characteristic of stage _________ of the demographic transition

Demographers and population geographers who study global population growth today believe that the concept of doubling time is:

The population of a country, city or other region is a function of three variables. Which is NOT on of the variables?

A population pyramid with a wide base a narrow top is indicative of:

A developed country that has reached a stage where the population is most stable will develop a population pyramid that is:

In 1789, a British economist named Thomas Malthus published an essay in which he claimed that while population increased at what he called a geometric rate, the means of Subsistence grew only at _____

Food production, contrary to the predictions of Malthus, has grown exponentially because of a numberof factors. Which one ofthe following is not one of these factors?

Births and add to the population growth of a particular country:

In the 21st century, world population doubling time is:

In the 1970's, the governmentof India used this method to reduce a population growth rates in certain areas of the country:

Population growth rates are __________ in southern India, where women have higher literacy rates

Highest rates of infant mortality are found in this region

Sub-Saharan Africa's high mortality rate is strongly influenced by:

Population policies which favor the promotion of birth control among certain groupsin the population (ethnic, religious, or socio-economic groups) are referred to as:

In which region of the U.S. is infant mortality rate the highest?

A vectored infectious disease is:

Enormousstrides have been madeto battle the AIDScrisis, including:

In almost all cases, the TFR’s of African countries are higher than those of European countries.

The majority of Egypt's 70 million inhabitants are distributed evenly around the country.

Census records are not accurate for all countries

More than half of the world's entire population is concentrated in East Asia.

In all demographic cases, the higher the birth rate, the shorter the doubling time.

Somecountries have declining populations, which meansnegative population growthrates.

A population with both a high fertility and a high mortality rate has a broad-based population pyramid.

During the demographic transition, the drop in birth and death rates is equal.

Low life expectancy in Africa can be partly attributed to the ravages of AIDS.

The "Lost Boys" were refugees from which country?

The vast majority of legal agricultural workers in Canada are:

The type of movementthat involves journeys that begin at and bring us back to our home baseis called:

More than 5,000,000 ____________ legally immigrated to the U. S. between 1980 and 2012.

Most nomadic movement takes place according to travel patterns that are:

Whichofthe identified types of movement creates your activity space?

All of the following are examples of periodic movements except:

A periodic form of movementthat involves a system of pastoral farming wherebylivestock and their keepers adjust their location to the seasonalavailability of pastures is called:

A common form of periodic movement involving several million Americans is:

The long-term relocation of an individual, household, or group to a new location outside the community of origin is called:

During the first decades of the twentieth century, African American families in the United States migrated primarily to:

In the United States during the late twentieth century, internal migration streams were moving people from:

Internal migration in Peru is fairly simple with the majority of migrants moving to:

Irish migration to North America in the mid-1800s is an example of:

Gender studies of migration indicate that men _______ than women

The smallest number of slaves involved in the Atlantic slave trade was sent to:

Which of the following is not one of Ernst Ravenstein’s laws of migration?

Between 1788 and 1838, tens of thousands of convicts were shipped from Britain to which of the following continents?

One of the “laws” of migration as derived by Ravenstein states that:

Ravenstein, in his study of migration, suggested that there is an inverse relationship between the volume of migration and the distance between the source and destination. That is, the numberof migrants _______ as the distance they know they must travel increases.

What is the model which states that spatial interaction between places (e.g. migration) is directly related to the population size and inversely related to the distance between them?

According to Ravenstein, migrants who move longer distances tend to choose:

Chain migration occurs when:

Major concentrations of Chinese immigrants are found in all of the following places except:

A person who has a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion is officially a:

In terms of total numberof refugees, ___________ is the geographic realm most severely affected by refugee problems.

Which is not an example of a fortified barrier to migration?

In the period from 1882-1907, the United States Congress passed exclusionary immigration laws designed to keep _________ out of the immigrant stream.

The practice of excluding people with criminal records, health problems, or subversive political beliefs from immigrating is referred to as:

Since September 2001, there has been a greater concern about immigration control to:

Nomadism is a type of cyclic movement

Transhumance movementusually occurs in urban areas

As a result of the Atlantic Slave Trade from 1702-1810, most African slaves ended up in North America

In recent decades, major internal migrations in the United States are toward the Sunbelt and western states

Transhumance involves the permanent movement of populations across major mountain range boundaries (e.g. the Andes between Chile and Argentina)

Pull factors are the conditions or perceptions which help a migrant to decide to leave a place

When migrants move along or through kinship links, this is called chain migration

Very few countries practice selective immigration

Hutterites differ from the Amish in that they:

Reflecting its origins and cultural tradition, Hutterite leaders speak:

_____________ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogenous population, typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits

The _________ of a group of people includes the things they construct

Which is an example of a non-material aspect of culture?

A group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a community and who share experience, customs, and traits are referred to as a

In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris, New York, and Milan are referred to as:

The fact that trends in popular culture (e.g. fashion) proceed from large global centers (Milan, Paris, New York) through a series of progressively smaller cities is an example of

The changesin local culture brought about by the onslaught of popular culture tend to disrupt:

Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the United States and Canada were attempts to ______________ native groups

Efforts to conserve local cultures often focus on the local:

Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of

“Little Sweden”in Lindsborg, Kansas is a good example:

Rural local cultures are often dependent on a single economic activity. Customs, beliefs, and artifacts are often intimately bound up with the economic activities. For example, the customs of the Plains Indians in early nineteenth-century North America focused on

The Makah of Washington State reinstituted ______________ as a means of solidifying their culture and reconnecting with their past

According to the text, the Makah whalers used a 50-caliberrifle to kill the gray whale they hunted because

Urban local cultures as in Brooklyn, New York and North End Boston, Massachusetts are seen as positive examples of ___________, places of cultural persistence.

Recently, Puerto Ricans living in Spanish Harlem in New York feel themselves challenged by the influx of Mexican immigrants to the neighborhood. This would be an example of the threat of ___________ to an ethnic neighborhood.

Cultural appropriation for purposes of profit (e.g., naming a beerfor a Lakota chief) is referred to as an example of

The commodification process of a local custom or artifact often leads to the development of an image of “authenticity” which amounts to an example of

Branson, Missouri capitalizes on local culture by presenting it as _________ for tourist consumption.

The “lost city” located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:

In 1830 there were over 290 local breweries in Ireland. The number declined to less than 10 in 1980. Today, Irish beer and prefabricated Irish pubs are marketed to the world by the global brewing corporation:

Geographer David Harvey refers to the increasing speed by which innovations in popular culture diffuse as

Globalized popular culture can be picked up and reproduced by people in the context of their local culture. This is referred to as:

Local “extreme sports,” such as skateboarding, rapidly spread by being featured in:

The text focuses on one local culture which is conspicuous in its attempts to lessen the influence of foreign popular culture by controlling its cultural media outlets and industries. It is:

The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape is known as:

The Dave Matthews Band established a _____________ in Charlottesville, Virginia and gained popularity through ___________ among college towns.

According to E. Relph, the term which best captures the quality of the American landscape which is associated with the spread of popular culture is:

Which is not an aspect of cultural landscape convergence?

A group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share customs and traits are referred to as local culture.

Local cultures are distinctive in that they are stable over time.

Popular cultures can change rapidly in periods as short as days or even hours.

The spread of clothing styles from Paris or New York to regional mall stores and finally to shops near your local college is an example of hierarchical diffusion.

Commodification of local culture often leads to stereotypical images of that culture.

Branson, Missouri, a place where local Ozark culture is consumed, is more authentic than the local culture of surrounding communities.

Visiting an “Irish” pub in San Diego, California in search of an authentic experience of local culture would be to mistake myth or reality.

Hip hop music can be found in places such as Indonesia, Italy, and France, in localized versions. This is referred to as reterritorialization.

The rise of extreme sports such as skateboarding from its hearth in Southern California is an example of contagious diffusion.

A culture's assumptions about the differences between men and women, their character, roles, and divisions of labor are referred to as:

According to Gillian Ross, “identity” is:

What society typically calls a “race” is in fact:

Skin color is a matter of pigmentation, a protective element against strong radiation from the sun. The pigment is called:

The same ultraviolet radiation intercepted by darkly pigmented skin also stimulates the body’s production of vitamin

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the most residentially segregated metropolitan area for African Americans is:

Residential segregation in the United States today is:

Most African Americans in Milwaukee live:

In New York, Puerto Ricans moved into the Jewish neighborhood of East Harlem and _assumed a dominant presence in the neighborhood. This process is best described as:

Ethnicity is a dynamic phenomena and ethnic identity (e.g. Swiss-American ethnicity) is greatly affected by:

We think of the border region between the United States and Mexico as being an Anglo Hispanic meeting point, but one of the largest groups of ________ in Mexico can be found just outside the city of Mexicali.

When places are “designed” either for women or men they are said to be:

Many geographers, such as Elder, Knopp, and Nast, refer to theories that explain or inform our understanding of sexuality and space as:

Groups in Northern Ireland and gangs in major U.S. cities create “exclusive” areas by:

Prior to the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, slaves were counted as _____________ (of) a person for representation in the House of Representatives.

Gross National Income does not include:

Which African country was the first to have over 50% of its Parliament seats held by women?

Which economic activity is not counted in GNI calculations?

Parts of South Africa and Zimbabwe have become demographically feminized due to:

It is estimated that ___ % of the Sub-Saharan realm’s food is produced by females.

To stimulate tea production, the government of Kenya gave bonuses to:

In the Sub-Saharan realm, _________ remains the rule rather than the exception.

In India, the breaking of a dowry contract may lead to:

Barrio is the Spanish term for:

Many small business owners in South Central Los Angeles are:

Geographers interested in race, equity, and gender are ultimately interested in:

One way of identifying ourselves is to “identify against,” i.e. define the “other” and thus define ourselves as not the other.

Indigenous peoples of South India, New Guinea, and Australia are about as dark-skinned as native Africans due to their close genetic relationship.

“Succession” is the term used to describe the process where new immigrants to a city often move into areas occupied by older immigrant groups.

Chinese living in Mexicali, Mexico are prohibited from owning commercial or service businesses.

GNI does not measure domestic work of women but does measure domestic work of men (e.g., gendered activities such as lawn mowing, changing the oil in the car, do-it-yourself repairs).

Rural Africa is numerically male-dominated.

Banks in Sub-Saharan Africa will not lend money to rural women.

In India today, dowry deaths are virtually non-existent.