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WorksheetsEXAM REVIEW: Computing Principles
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
A computer "bug" is ___.
using a variable in a program
an error in a program that prevents the program from running as expected
a "call"; a variable
the most common fundamental unit of digital data (ex - kilobyte, megabyte)
An ordered collection of elements is called a(n) ___.
variable
loop
element
list
A "bit" is _____.
data with values that changes discretely
a contraction of "binary digit"; single unit of information in a computer; typically represented as a "0" or "1"
system of representing number using combinations of the digits 0 - 9
data that change discretely through a finite set of possible values
A way of repesenting information using only two options is called ___.
open source
binary
analog
output
When you ___ it means you are adding elements to the end of a list.
append
index
string
select
An individual value in a list that is assigned a unique index is called a(an) ___.
index
list
element
variable
A ___ is a variable in a function definition; used as a placeholder for values that will be passed through the function.
argument
return
abstraction
parameter
A(n) ___ is the value passed to the parameter.
argument
return
abstraction
binary
A ___ is a group of functions (procedures) that may be used in creating new programs.
argument
parameter
library
element
___ is a technique that attempts to trick a user into providing personal information that could access sensitive information online resources.
decryption
malware
keylogging
phishing
The use of a program to record every keystroke made by a computer user in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords and other confidential information is called ___.
encryption
keylogging
malware
phishing
___ is the process of encoding messages ot keep them secret, so only "authorized" parties can read it.
encryption
decryption
___ is software intended to damage a computing system or to take partial control over its operation.
virus
freeware
decryption
malware
___ is a process that reverses encryption, taking a secreat message and reproducing the original plain text.
encryption
decryption
phishing
keyloggin
A byte is equal to ___ bits.
16
8
24
32
___ is a work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.
open access
creative commons
intellectual property
___ is the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.
bandwidth
redundancy
packet
router
A chunk of data sent over a network is call a ___.
protocol
digital divide
metadata
packet
The ___ is a system of linked pages, programs, and files.
Internet
world wide web (www)
hypertext transfer protocol (http)
bandwidth
The ___ is a unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.
IP address
bandwidth
packet
router
Data that is sent to a computer for processing by a program; can come in a variety of forms such as audio, visuals, or text.
output
event
input
debugging
___ is finding and fixing problems in an algorithm or program.
debugging
user interface
event
sequential programming
___ is a collection of program statements; run (or execute) one command at a time.
output
syntax
program
event
A(n) ___ is a combination of operators and values that evaluates to a single value.
concatenation
function
expression
boolean expression
A ___ is a named reference to a value that can be used repeatedly throughout a program.
program
system
binary
variable
A data type that is either true or false is called ___.
a logical operator
an ordered sequence of characters
arithmetic operator
a boolean value
A ___ evaluates to either true or false.
boolean expression
function call
concatenation
A ___ is part of an existing string.
index
substring
list
loop
A ___ is a type of computer that forwards data across a network.
path
computing device
router
output
The inputs and outputs that allow a user to interact with a piece of software is called ___.
user interface
program statement
debugging
development process
___ is any data that are sent from a program to a device.
input
event
syntqx
output
A(n) ___ is associated with an action and supplies input data to a program.
event
comment
syntax error
A named group of instructions is called ___.
function
concatenation
expression
evaluate
___ is the use of material created by someone else without permission and presented as one's own.
debugging
iterative development process
plagiarism
documentation
A(n) ___ is a finite set of instructions that accomplish a task.
parameter
argument
problem
algorithm
A measure of how many steps are needed to complete an algorithm is called ___.
efficiency
parameter
sequencing
boolean expression
___ is untrustworthy (often free) downloads from shareware sites can contain malware.
freeware
keylogging
phishing
virus
A ___ is a lamlicious program that can copy itself and gain access to a computer in an unauthorized way.
phishing
malware
keylogging
virus
___ is the practice of obtaining input or information from a large number of people via the Internet.
crowdsourching
data bias
argument
binary search
___ is data that does not accurately reflect the full population or phenomenon being studied.
cleaning data
data bias
citizen science
data filtering
A ___ is a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors.
computing system
computing device
computing network
A written description of how a command or piece of code works or was developed is called ___.
documentation
debugging
redundancy
routing
___ is a program or a collection of programs.
debugging
event
software
router
___ is the process of finding a path from send to receiver.
debugging
routing
bandwidth
digital divide
A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data is called ___.
computing device
computing system
computing network
A group of computing devices working together for a common purpose.
computing network
computing system
computing devices
___ is the protocol for transmitting web pages over the Internet.
World Wide Web (www)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (http)
___ are programs that are made freely available and may be redistributed and modified.
open access
sampling
open source
creative commons
___ is a collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.
open source
open access
data compression
creative commons
__ is the process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent a piece of information.
data compressoin
analog data
digital data
