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EXAM REVIEW: Computing Principles

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A computer "bug" is ___.

a)

using a variable in a program

b)

an error in a program that prevents the program from running as expected

c)

a "call"; a variable

d)

the most common fundamental unit of digital data (ex - kilobyte, megabyte)

2.

An ordered collection of elements is called a(n) ___.

a)

variable

b)

loop

c)

element

d)

list

3.

A "bit" is _____.

a)

data with values that changes discretely

b)

a contraction of "binary digit"; single unit of information in a computer; typically represented as a "0" or "1"

c)

system of representing number using combinations of the digits 0 - 9

d)

data that change discretely through a finite set of possible values

4.

A way of repesenting information using only two options is called ___.

a)

open source

b)

binary

c)

analog

d)

output

5.

When you ___ it means you are adding elements to the end of a list.

a)

append

b)

index

c)

string

d)

select

6.

An individual value in a list that is assigned a unique index is called a(an) ___.

a)

index

b)

list

c)

element

d)

variable

7.

A ___ is a variable in a function definition; used as a placeholder for values that will be passed through the function.

a)

argument

b)

return

c)

abstraction

d)

parameter

8.

A(n) ___ is the value passed to the parameter.

a)

argument

b)

return

c)

abstraction

d)

binary

9.

A ___ is a group of functions (procedures) that may be used in creating new programs.

a)

argument

b)

parameter

c)

library

d)

element

10.

___ is a technique that attempts to trick a user into providing personal information that could access sensitive information online resources.

a)

decryption

b)

malware

c)

keylogging

d)

phishing

11.

The use of a program to record every keystroke made by a computer user in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords and other confidential information is called ___.

a)

encryption

b)

keylogging

c)

malware

d)

phishing

12.

___ is the process of encoding messages ot keep them secret, so only "authorized" parties can read it.

a)

encryption

b)

decryption

13.

___ is software intended to damage a computing system or to take partial control over its operation.

a)

virus

b)

freeware

c)

decryption

d)

malware

14.

___ is a process that reverses encryption, taking a secreat message and reproducing the original plain text.

a)

encryption

b)

decryption

c)

phishing

d)

keyloggin

15.

A byte is equal to ___ bits.

a)

16

b)

8

c)

24

d)

32

16.

___ is a work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

a)

open access

b)

creative commons

c)

intellectual property

17.

___ is the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

a)

bandwidth

b)

redundancy

c)

packet

d)

router

18.

A chunk of data sent over a network is call a ___.

a)

protocol

b)

digital divide

c)

metadata

d)

packet

19.

The ___ is a system of linked pages, programs, and files.

a)

Internet

b)

world wide web (www)

c)

hypertext transfer protocol (http)

d)

bandwidth

20.

The ___ is a unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.

a)

IP address

b)

bandwidth

c)

packet

d)

router

21.

Data that is sent to a computer for processing by a program; can come in a variety of forms such as audio, visuals, or text.

a)

output

b)

event

c)

input

d)

debugging

22.

___ is finding and fixing problems in an algorithm or program.

a)

debugging

b)

user interface

c)

event

d)

sequential programming

23.

___ is a collection of program statements; run (or execute) one command at a time.

a)

output

b)

syntax

c)

program

d)

event

24.

A(n) ___ is a combination of operators and values that evaluates to a single value.

a)

concatenation

b)

function

c)

expression

d)

boolean expression

25.

A ___ is a named reference to a value that can be used repeatedly throughout a program.

a)

program

b)

system

c)

binary

d)

variable

26.

A data type that is either true or false is called ___.

a)

a logical operator

b)

an ordered sequence of characters

c)

arithmetic operator

d)

a boolean value

27.

A ___ evaluates to either true or false.

a)

boolean expression

b)

function call

c)

concatenation

28.

A ___ is part of an existing string.

a)

index

b)

substring

c)

list

d)

loop

29.

A ___ is a type of computer that forwards data across a network.

a)

path

b)

computing device

c)

router

d)

output

30.

The inputs and outputs that allow a user to interact with a piece of software is called ___.

a)

user interface

b)

program statement

c)

debugging

d)

development process

31.

___ is any data that are sent from a program to a device.

a)

input

b)

event

c)

syntqx

d)

output

32.

A(n) ___ is associated with an action and supplies input data to a program.

a)

event

b)

comment

c)

syntax error

33.

A named group of instructions is called ___.

a)

function

b)

concatenation

c)

expression

d)

evaluate

34.

___ is the use of material created by someone else without permission and presented as one's own.

a)

debugging

b)

iterative development process

c)

plagiarism

d)

documentation

35.

A(n) ___ is a finite set of instructions that accomplish a task.

a)

parameter

b)

argument

c)

problem

d)

algorithm

36.

A measure of how many steps are needed to complete an algorithm is called ___.

a)

efficiency

b)

parameter

c)

sequencing

d)

boolean expression

37.

___ is untrustworthy (often free) downloads from shareware sites can contain malware.

a)

freeware

b)

keylogging

c)

phishing

d)

virus

38.

A ___ is a lamlicious program that can copy itself and gain access to a computer in an unauthorized way.

a)

phishing

b)

malware

c)

keylogging

d)

virus

39.

___ is the practice of obtaining input or information from a large number of people via the Internet.

a)

crowdsourching

b)

data bias

c)

argument

d)

binary search

40.

___ is data that does not accurately reflect the full population or phenomenon being studied.

a)

cleaning data

b)

data bias

c)

citizen science

d)

data filtering

41.

A ___ is a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors.

a)

computing system

b)

computing device

c)

computing network

42.

A written description of how a command or piece of code works or was developed is called ___.

a)

documentation

b)

debugging

c)

redundancy

d)

routing

43.

___ is a program or a collection of programs.

a)

debugging

b)

event

c)

software

d)

router

44.

___ is the process of finding a path from send to receiver.

a)

debugging

b)

routing

c)

bandwidth

d)

digital divide

45.

A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data is called ___.

a)

computing device

b)

computing system

c)

computing network

46.

A group of computing devices working together for a common purpose.

a)

computing network

b)

computing system

c)

computing devices

47.

___ is the protocol for transmitting web pages over the Internet.

a)

World Wide Web (www)

b)

HyperText Transfer Protocol (http)

48.

___ are programs that are made freely available and may be redistributed and modified.

a)

open access

b)

sampling

c)

open source

d)

creative commons

49.

___ is a collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.

a)

open source

b)

open access

c)

data compression

d)

creative commons

50.

__ is the process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent a piece of information.

a)

data compressoin

b)

analog data

c)

digital data